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Okuda J, Yamane S, Nagata S, Kunikata C, Suezawa C, Yasuda M. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa dnaK gene is involved in bacterial translocation across the intestinal epithelial cell barrier. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2017; 163:1208-1216. [PMID: 28758636 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can penetrate through polarized epithelial cell monolayers produced by the human adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2. We previously identified genes associated with bacterial translocation through Caco-2 cell monolayers by analysing transposon insertion mutants with dramatically reduced penetration activity relative to that of the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. In this study, we focused on the dnaK mutant because the association between this gene and penetration activity is unknown. Inactivation of dnaK caused significant repression of bacterial penetration through Caco-2 cell monolayers, with decreased swimming, swarming and twitching motilities; bacterial adherence; and fly mortality rate; as well as dramatic repression of type III effector secretion and production of elastase and exotoxin A. However, type IV pilus protein PilA expression was not affected. These results suggest that dnaK is associated with bacterial motility and adherence, which are mediated by flagella and pili, and with toxin secretion, which plays a key role in the penetration of P. aeruginosa through Caco-2 cell monolayers. Inactivation of P. aeruginosa dnaK function may interfere with bacterial translocation and prevent septicaemia caused by P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Okuda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamane
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Syouya Nagata
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Chinami Kunikata
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Chigusa Suezawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Masashi Yasuda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
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Yasuda M, Nagata S, Yamane S, Kunikata C, Kida Y, Kuwano K, Suezawa C, Okuda J. Pseudomonas aeruginosa serA Gene Is Required for Bacterial Translocation through Caco-2 Cell Monolayers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169367. [PMID: 28046014 PMCID: PMC5207755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To specify critical factors responsible for Pseudomonas aeruginosa penetration through the Caco-2 cell epithelial barrier, we analyzed transposon insertion mutants that demonstrated a dramatic reduction in penetration activity relative to P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. From these strains, mutations could be grouped into five classes, specifically flagellin-associated genes, pili-associated genes, heat-shock protein genes, genes related to the glycolytic pathway, and biosynthesis-related genes. Of these mutants, we here focused on the serA mutant, as the association between this gene and penetration activity is yet unknown. Inactivation of the serA gene caused significant repression of bacterial penetration through Caco-2 cell monolayers with decreased swimming and swarming motilities, bacterial adherence, and fly mortality rate, as well as repression of ExoS secretion; however, twitching motility was not affected. Furthermore, L-serine, which is known to inhibit the D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase activity of the SerA protein, caused significant reductions in penetration through Caco-2 cell monolayers, swarming and swimming motilities, bacterial adherence to Caco-2 cells, and virulence in flies in the wild-type P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain. Together, these results suggest that serA is associated with bacterial motility and adherence, which are mediated by flagella that play a key role in the penetration of P. aeruginosa through Caco-2 cell monolayers. Oral administration of L-serine to compromised hosts might have the potential to interfere with bacterial translocation and prevent septicemia caused by P. aeruginosa through inhibition of serA function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yasuda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Syouya Nagata
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamane
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Chinami Kunikata
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kida
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Kuwano
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Infectious Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chigusa Suezawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Jun Okuda
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Kagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Anantharajah A, Buyck JM, Faure E, Glupczynski Y, Rodriguez-Villalobos H, De Vos D, Pirnay JP, Bilocq F, Guery B, Tulkens PM, Mingeot-Leclercq MP, Van Bambeke F. Correlation between cytotoxicity induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates from acute infections and IL-1β secretion in a model of human THP-1 monocytes. Pathog Dis 2015. [PMID: 26203053 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Type III secretion system (T3SS) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with poor clinical outcome in acute infections. T3SS allows for injection of bacterial exotoxins (e.g. ExoU or ExoS) into the host cell, causing cytotoxicity. It also activates the cytosolic NLRC4 inflammasome, activating caspase-1, inducing cytotoxicity and release of mature IL-1β, which impairs bacterial clearance. In addition, flagellum-mediated motility has been suggested to also modulate inflammasome response and IL-1β release. Yet the capacity of clinical isolates to induce IL-1β release and its relation with cytotoxicity have never been investigated. Using 20 clinical isolates from acute infections with variable T3SS expression levels and human monocytes, our aim was to correlate IL-1β release with toxin expression, flagellar motility and cytotoxicity. ExoU-producing isolates caused massive cell death but minimal release of IL-1β, while those expressing T3SS but not ExoU (i.e. expressing ExoS or no toxins) induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1β release, the level of which was correlated with cytotoxicity. Both effects were prevented by a specific caspase-1 inhibitor. Flagellar motility was not correlated with cytotoxicity or IL-1β release. No apoptosis was detected. Thus, T3SS cytotoxicity is accompanied by a modification in cytokine balance for P. aeruginosa clinical isolates that do not express ExoU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahalieyah Anantharajah
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien M Buyck
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Faure
- Host-Pathogen Translational Research Group, Université Droit et Santé de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, CHRU Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Youri Glupczynski
- Centre National de Référence de la résistance chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa, CHU Dinant-Godinne UCL Namur, Université catholique de Louvain, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Hector Rodriguez-Villalobos
- Laboratoire de microbiologie, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daniel De Vos
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Neder-over-Heembeek, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Pirnay
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Neder-over-Heembeek, Belgium
| | - Florence Bilocq
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology, Queen Astrid Military Hospital, 1120 Neder-over-Heembeek, Belgium
| | - Benoît Guery
- Host-Pathogen Translational Research Group, Université Droit et Santé de Lille, Faculté de Médecine, CHRU Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Paul M Tulkens
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Françoise Van Bambeke
- Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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