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Zhang H, Wang J, Dong B, Xu F, Liu H, Zhang Q, Zong W, Shi X. New mechanism for the participation of aromatic oxidation products in atmospheric nucleation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170487. [PMID: 38296079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) are recognized as important precursors for new particle formation (NPF) in the urban atmosphere. The paper theoretically studied the formation of OOMs by styrene oxidation processes initiated by OH radicals, focusing on the OOMs nucleation mechanism. The results found that in the presence of an H2SO4 molecule, lowly oxygenated organic molecules containing a benzene ring (LOMBs) can form stable clusters and grow to the scale of a critical nucleus through pi-pi stacking and OH hydrogen bonding. In addition, LOMBs are more readily generated in a styrene-oxidized system in the presence/absence of NOx than highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs). The reaction of OH radicals with other aromatics containing a branched chain on the benzene ring produces LOMBs to varying degrees, with pi-pi stacking playing an essential role. This result suggests that, in the presence of H2SO4 molecules, LOMBs may play a more significant role in promoting nucleation than HOMs. Our findings serve as a pivotal foundation for future investigations into the oxidation and nucleation processes of diverse aromatics in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidi Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Juanbao Wang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Biao Dong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Fei Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Houfeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China
| | - Xiangli Shi
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, PR China.
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Wu X, Yao X, Xie B, Wang P, Huo W, Zhu Y, Hou Q, Wu M, Wu Y, Zhang F. Unraveling the atmospheric oxidation mechanism and kinetics of naphthalene: Insights from theoretical exploration. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141356. [PMID: 38309603 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Naphthalene, the most abundant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the atmosphere, significantly influences OH consumption and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Naphthoquinone (NQ) is a significant contributor to ring-retaining SOA from naphthalene degradation, impacting the redox properties and toxicity of ambient particles. However, inconsistencies persist regarding concentrations of its isomers, 1,2-NQ and 1,4-NQ. In present work, our theoretical investigation into naphthalene's reaction with OH and subsequent oxygenation unveils their role in SOA formation. The reaction kinetics of initial OH and subsequent O2 oxidation was extensively studied using high-level quantum chemical methods (DLPNO-CCSD(T)/aug-ccpVQZ//M052x-D3/6-311++G(d,p)) combined with RRKM/master equation simulations. The reactions mainly proceed through electrophilic addition and abstraction from the aromatic ring. The total rate coefficient of naphthalene + OH at 300 K and 1 atm from our calculation (7.2 × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) agrees well with previous measurements (∼1 × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1). The computed branching ratios facilitate accurate product yield determination. The largest yield of 1-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl radical (add1) producing the major precursor of RO2 is computed to be 93.8 % in the ambient environment. Our calculated total rate coefficient (5.2 × 10-16 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) for add1 + O2 closely matches that of limited experimental data (8.0 × 10-16 cm3 molecule-1 s-1). Peroxy radicals (RO2) generated from add1 + O2 include 4-cis/trans-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)-peroxy radical (add1-4OOadd-cis/trans, 66.0 %/17.5 %), 2-cis/trans-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)-peroxy radical (add1-2OOadd-cis/trans, 10.3 %/6.3 %). Regarding the debated predominance of 1,4-NQ (corresponding to the parent RO2, i.e., add1-4OOadd-cis/trans) and 1,2-NQ (corresponding to the parent RO2, i.e., add1-2OOadd-cis/trans) in the atmosphere, our findings substantiate the dominance of 1,4-NQ. This study also indicates potential weakening of 1,4-NQ's dominance due to competition from decomposition reactions of add1-4OOadd-cis/trans and add1-2OOadd-cis/trans. Precise reaction kinetics data are essential for characterizing SOA transformation derived from naphthalene and assessing their climatic impacts within modeling frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wu
- College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China; Science and Technology on Plasma Dymamics Lab, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xian, 710038, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxia Yao
- Science and Technology on Plasma Dymamics Lab, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xian, 710038, PR China.
| | - Binbin Xie
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, 311231, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Wang
- National Institute of Extremely-Weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, PR China.
| | - Wanli Huo
- College of Information Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China.
| | - Yifei Zhu
- Institute of Aero-engine, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Qifeng Hou
- National Institute of Extremely-Weak Magnetic Field Infrastructure, Hangzhou, 310051, PR China.
| | - Mengqi Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, PR China.
| | - Yun Wu
- Science and Technology on Plasma Dymamics Lab, Aeronautics and Astronautics Engineering College, Air Force Engineering University, Xian, 710038, PR China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China; Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230088, PR China.
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Smaali A, Berkani M, Benmatti H, Lakhdari N, Al Obaid S, Alharbi SA, Fakhreddine B, Ines A, Marouane F, Rezania S, Lakhdari N. Degradation of Azithromycin from aqueous solution using Chlorine-ferrous- oxidation: ANN-GA modeling and Daphnia magna biotoxicity test assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114026. [PMID: 35977588 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Azithromycin (AZM), an antibacterial considered one of the most consumed drugs, especially during the period against the Covid 19 pandemic, and it is one of the persistent contaminants that can be released into aquatic ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of a Fenton-like process (chlorine/iron) for the degradation of AZM in an aqueous medium by determining the impact of several factors (the initial concentration of (FeSO4, NaClO, pollutant), and the initial pH) on the degradation rate. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the Box-Wilson design as well as the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling combined with a genetic algorithm (GA) approaches were used to determine the optimal levels of the selected variables and the optimal rate of degradation. The quadratic model of multi-linear regression developed indicated that the optimal conditions were a concentration of chlorine of 600 μM, the concentration of AZM is 32.8 mg/L, the mass of the catalyst FeSO4 is 3.5 mg and a pH of 2.5, these optimal values gave a predicted and experimental yield of 64.05% and 70% respectively, the lack of fit test in RSM modeling (F0 = 3.31 which is inferior to Fcritic (0.05, 10.4) = 5.96) indicates that the true regression function is not linear therefore, the ANN-GA modeling as non-linear regression indicated that the optimal conditions were a concentration of chlorine of 256 μM, the concentration of AZM is 5 mg/L, the mass of the catalyst FeSO4 is 9.5 mg and a pH of 2.8, these optimal values gave a predicted and experimental yield of 79.69% and close to 80% respectively, Furthermore, biotoxicity tests were conducted to confirm the performance of our process using bio-indicators called daphnia (Daphnia magna), which demonstrated the efficacy of the like-Fenton process after 4 h of degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfel Smaali
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Berkani
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria.
| | - Hadjer Benmatti
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Nadjem Lakhdari
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Sami Al Obaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Belhadef Fakhreddine
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Environnement, Campus Chaab-Erssas, Biopole université des frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Ain Bey, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Amri Ines
- Laboratoire SARL HupPharma 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Fateh Marouane
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Shahabaldin Rezania
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Nadjem Lakhdari
- Laboratoire Biotechnologies, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
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