1
|
Qing Y, Ono T, Kohara Y, Watanabe A, Ogiso N, Ito M, Nakashima T, Takeshita S. Emilin2 marks the target region for mesenchymal cell accumulation in bone regeneration. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:27. [PMID: 38831448 PMCID: PMC11145771 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regeneration of injured tissue is dependent on stem/progenitor cells, which can undergo proliferation and maturation processes to replace the lost cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Bone has a higher regenerative capacity than other tissues, with abundant mesenchymal progenitor cells in the bone marrow, periosteum, and surrounding muscle. However, the treatment of bone fractures is not always successful; a marked number of clinical case reports have described nonunion or delayed healing for various reasons. Supplementation of exogenous stem cells by stem cell therapy is anticipated to improve treatment outcomes; however, there are several drawbacks including the need for special devices for the expansion of stem cells outside the body, low rate of cell viability in the body after transplantation, and oncological complications. The use of endogenous stem/progenitor cells, instead of exogenous cells, would be a possible solution, but it is unclear how these cells migrate towards the injury site. METHODS The chemoattractant capacity of the elastin microfibril interface located protein 2 (Emilin2), generated by macrophages, was identified by the migration assay and LC-MS/MS. The functions of Emilin2 in bone regeneration were further studied using Emilin2-/- mice. RESULTS The results show that in response to bone injury, there was an increase in Emilin2, an ECM protein. Produced by macrophages, Emilin2 exhibited chemoattractant properties towards mesenchymal cells. Emilin2-/- mice underwent delayed bone regeneration, with a decrease in mesenchymal cells after injury. Local administration of recombinant Emilin2 protein enhanced bone regeneration. CONCLUSION Emilin2 plays a crucial role in bone regeneration by increasing mesenchymal cells. Therefore, Emilin2 can be used for the treatment of bone fracture by recruiting endogenous progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Qing
- Department of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takehito Ono
- Laboratory of Drug Discovery and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoino-Oka, Imabari-Shi, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kohara
- Department of Bone and Joint Disease, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi Prefecture, 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 287-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Watanabe
- Equipment Management Division, Center for Core Facility Administration, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi Prefecture, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Noboru Ogiso
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal, Center for Core Facility Administration, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi Prefecture, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masako Ito
- Nagasaki University, 1-14, Bunkyomachi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakashima
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Sunao Takeshita
- Department of Bone and Joint Disease, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi Prefecture, 474-8511, Japan.
- Aging Stress Response Research Project Team, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi Prefecture, 474-8511, Japan.
- Angitia Biopharmaceuticals, 2F, Unit 2, Building4, 188 Kaiyuan Avenue, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
McDowell HB, McElhinney KL, Tsui EL, Laronda MM. Generation of Tailored Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels for the Study of In Vitro Folliculogenesis in Response to Matrisome-Dependent Biochemical Cues. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:543. [PMID: 38927779 PMCID: PMC11200611 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11060543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
While ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is an important fertility preservation option, it has its limitations. Improving OTC and ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) must include extending the function of reimplanted tissue by reducing the extensive activation of primordial follicles (PMFs) and eliminating the risk of reimplanting malignant cells. To develop a more effective OTT, we must understand the effects of the ovarian microenvironment on folliculogenesis. Here, we describe a method for producing decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogels that reflect the protein composition of the ovary. These ovarian dECM hydrogels were engineered to assess the effects of ECM on in vitro follicle growth, and we developed a novel method for selectively removing proteins of interest from dECM hydrogels. Finally, we validated the depletion of these proteins and successfully cultured murine follicles encapsulated in the compartment-specific ovarian dECM hydrogels and these same hydrogels depleted of EMILIN1. These are the first, optically clear, tailored tissue-specific hydrogels that support follicle survival and growth comparable to the "gold standard" alginate hydrogels. Furthermore, depleted hydrogels can serve as a novel tool for many tissue types to evaluate the impact of specific ECM proteins on cellular and molecular behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah B. McDowell
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (H.B.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kathryn L. McElhinney
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (H.B.M.)
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elizabeth L. Tsui
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (H.B.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Monica M. Laronda
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (H.B.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wozny MR, Nelea V, Siddiqui IFS, Wanga S, de Waard V, Strauss M, Reinhardt DP. Microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4 forms octamers that mediate interactions with elastogenic proteins and cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4015. [PMID: 38740766 PMCID: PMC11091212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Microfibril-associated glycoprotein 4 (MFAP4) is a 36-kDa extracellular matrix glycoprotein with critical roles in organ fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular disorders, including aortic aneurysms. MFAP4 multimerises and interacts with elastogenic proteins, including fibrillin-1 and tropoelastin, and with cells via integrins. Structural details of MFAP4 and its potential interfaces for these interactions are unknown. Here, we present a cryo-electron microscopy structure of human MFAP4. In the presence of calcium, MFAP4 assembles as an octamer, where two sets of homodimers constitute the top and bottom halves of each octamer. Each homodimer is linked together by an intermolecular disulphide bond. A C34S missense mutation prevents disulphide-bond formation between monomers but does not prevent octamer assembly. The atomic model, built into the 3.55 Å cryo-EM map, suggests that salt-bridge interactions mediate homodimer assembly, while non-polar residues form the interface between octamer halves. In the absence of calcium, an MFAP4 octamer dissociates into two tetramers. Binding studies with fibrillin-1, tropoelastin, LTBP4, and small fibulins show that MFAP4 has multiple surfaces for protein-protein interactions, most of which depend upon MFAP4 octamer assembly. The C34S mutation does not affect these protein interactions or cell interactions. MFAP4 assemblies with fibrillin-1 abrogate MFAP4 interactions with cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Wozny
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valentin Nelea
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Shaynah Wanga
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vivian de Waard
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mike Strauss
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Dieter P Reinhardt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Favero A, Segatto I, Capuano A, Mattevi MC, Rampioni Vinciguerra GL, Musco L, D'Andrea S, Dall'Acqua A, Gava C, Perin T, Massarut S, Marchini C, Baldassarre G, Spessotto P, Belletti B. Loss of the extracellular matrix glycoprotein EMILIN1 accelerates Δ16HER2-driven breast cancer initiation in mice. NPJ Breast Cancer 2024; 10:5. [PMID: 38184660 PMCID: PMC10771445 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-023-00608-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of the tumor microenvironment and undergoes extensive remodeling during both initiation and progression of breast cancer (BC). EMILIN1 is an ECM glycoprotein, whose function has been linked to cancer and metastasis. However, EMILIN1 role during mammary gland and BC development has never been investigated. In silico and molecular analyses of human samples from normal mammary gland and BC showed that EMILIN1 expression was lower in tumors than in healthy mammary tissue and it predicted poor prognosis, particularly in HER2-positive BC. HER2+ BC accounts for 15-20% of all invasive BC and is characterized by high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. The Δ16HER2 isoform, a splice variant with very high oncogenic potential, is frequently expressed in HER2+ BC and correlates with metastatic disease. To elucidate the role of EMILIN1 in BC, we analyzed the phenotype of MMTV-Δ16HER2 transgenic mice, developing spontaneous multifocal mammary adenocarcinomas, crossed with EMILIN1 knock-out (KO) animals. We observed that Δ16HER2/EMILIN1 KO female mice exhibited an accelerated normal mammary gland development and a significantly anticipated appearance of palpable tumors (13.32 vs 15.28 weeks). This accelerated tumor initiation was corroborated by an increased number of tumor foci observed in mammary glands from Δ16HER2/EMILIN1 KO mice compared to the wild-type counterpart. Altogether our results underscore the centrality of ECM in the process of BC initiation and point to a role for EMILIN1 during normal mammary gland development and in protecting from HER2-driven breast tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Favero
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Ilenia Segatto
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Capuano
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Mattevi
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Rampioni Vinciguerra
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Santo Andrea Hospital, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Musco
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Sara D'Andrea
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dall'Acqua
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Chiara Gava
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
- Medical Department, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Tiziana Perin
- Unit of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Samuele Massarut
- Unit of Breast Surgery, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Cristina Marchini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Biology Division, University of Camerino, via Gentile III da Varano, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Gustavo Baldassarre
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paola Spessotto
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Belletti
- Unit of Molecular Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) di Aviano, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, 33081, Aviano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Linssen EC, Demmers J, van Dijk CGM, van Dam R, Nicese MN, Cheng C, de Kort LMO, de Graaf P. Extracellular matrix analysis of fibrosis: A step towards tissue engineering for urethral stricture disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294955. [PMID: 38032942 PMCID: PMC10688748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The urogenital tract is a target for many congenital and acquired diseases, both benign and oncogenic. In males, the urethra that transports urine and semen can be obstructed by a fibrotic disease called urethral stricture disease (USD). In severe USD, the whole organ including the vascular embedding, the corpus spongiosum (CS), is affected. Recurrent or severe USD is treated by reconstructive surgery. Tissue engineering may improve the outcome of urethral reconstruction in patients with complicated USD. Currently in urethral reconstruction only the epithelial layer is replaced, no substitution for the CS is provided, while the CS is important for mechanical support and vascularization. To develop a tissue engineering strategy for the CS, it is necessary to know the protein composition of the CS. As the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the formation of fibrosis, we analyzed the distribution and localization of ECM components in human healthy and fibrotic CS tissue using immunohistology. The morphology of components of the elastic network were affected in USD. After decellularization a clear enrichment of proteins belonging to the ECM was found. In the proteomic analysis collagens COL15A1 and COL4A2 as well as inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor ITIH4 were upregulated in fibrotic samples. The glycoproteins Periostin (POSTN), Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) and EMILIN2 are downregulated in fibrotic tissue. To our knowledge this is the first proteomic study of ECM proteins of the CS in healthy and in USD. With these results a regenerating approach for tissue engineered CS can be developed, including relevant ECM proteins that reduce fibrosis and promote healthy healing in urethral reconstructive surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma C. Linssen
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Demmers
- Department of Proteomics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Roos van Dam
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Novella Nicese
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Petra de Graaf
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng P, Huang J, Zhang Q, Li Y, Li J. The role of EMILIN-1 in the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:203. [PMID: 37024847 PMCID: PMC10077624 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) may be the best choice for self-repair and regeneration of teeth and maxillofacial bone tissue due to their homogeneous tissue origin, high proliferation and differentiation rates, and no obvious ethical restrictions. Recently, several studies have shown that extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins can effectively regulate the proliferation and differentiation fate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the role of elastin microfibril interface-located protein-1 (EMILIN-1), a new ECM glycoprotein, in osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs has not been reported. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of EMILIN-1 during osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. METHODS hDPSCs were cultured in osteo/odontogenic induction medium. qPCR and Western blot analysis were performed to detect osteo/odonto-specific genes/proteins expression as well as the expression of EMILIN-1. After knockdown of Emilin-1 in hDPSCs with small interfering RNA and exogenous addition of recombinant human EMILIN-1 protein (rhEMILIN-1), Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, qPCR and Western blot were performed to examine the effect of EMILIN-1 on proliferation and osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. RESULTS During the osteo/odontogenic induction of hDPSCs, the expression of osteo/odonto-specific genes/proteins increased, as did EMILIN-1 protein levels. More notably, knockdown of Emilin-1 decreased hDPSCs proliferation and osteo/odontogenic differentiation, whereas exogenous addition of rhEMILIN-1 increased them. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that EMILIN-1 is essential for the osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs, which may provide new insights for teeth and bone tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingmeng Deng
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Huang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixuan Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejia Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 426# Songshibei Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
EMILIN1 deficiency causes arterial tortuosity with osteopenia and connects impaired elastogenesis with defective collagen fibrillogenesis. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:2230-2252. [PMID: 36351433 PMCID: PMC9748297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
EMILIN1 (elastin-microfibril-interface-located-protein-1) is a structural component of the elastic fiber network and localizes to the interface between the fibrillin microfibril scaffold and the elastin core. How EMILIN1 contributes to connective tissue integrity is not fully understood. Here, we report bi-allelic EMILIN1 loss-of-function variants causative for an entity combining cutis laxa, arterial tortuosity, aneurysm formation, and bone fragility, resembling autosomal-recessive cutis laxa type 1B, due to EFEMP2 (FBLN4) deficiency. In both humans and mice, absence of EMILIN1 impairs EFEMP2 extracellular matrix deposition and LOX activity resulting in impaired elastogenesis, reduced collagen crosslinking, and aberrant growth factor signaling. Collagen fiber ultrastructure and histopathology in EMILIN1- or EFEMP2-deficient skin and aorta corroborate these findings and murine Emilin1-/- femora show abnormal trabecular bone formation and strength. Altogether, EMILIN1 connects elastic fiber network with collagen fibril formation, relevant for both bone and vascular tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Oxidative Stress Modulation by Carnosine in Scaffold Free Human Dermis Spheroids Model: A Proteomic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031468. [PMID: 35163388 PMCID: PMC8836079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is an endogenous β-alanyl-L-histidine dipeptide endowed with antioxidant and carbonyl scavenger properties, which is able to significantly prevent the visible signs of aging and photoaging. To investigate the mechanism of action of carnosine on human skin proteome, a 3D scaffold-free spheroid model of primary dermal fibroblasts from a 50-year-old donor was adopted in combination with quantitative proteomics for the first time. The label free proteomics approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry, integrated with network analyses, provided a highly sensitive and selective method to describe the human dermis spheroid model during long-term culture and upon carnosine treatment. Overall, 2171 quantified proteins allowed the in-depth characterization of the 3D dermis phenotype during growth and differentiation, at 14 versus 7 days of culture. A total of 485 proteins were differentially regulated by carnosine at 7 days, an intermediate time of culture. Of the several modulated pathways, most are involved in mitochondrial functionality, such as oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, extracellular matrix reorganization and apoptosis. In long-term culture, functional modules related to oxidative stress were upregulated, inducing the aging process of dermis spheroids, while carnosine treatment prevented this by the downregulation of the same functional modules. The application of quantitative proteomics, coupled to advanced and relevant in vitro scaffold free spheroids, represents a new concrete application for personalized therapies and a novel care approach.
Collapse
|
9
|
Da Ros F, Persano L, Bizzotto D, Michieli M, Braghetta P, Mazzucato M, Bonaldo P. Emilin-2 is a component of bone marrow extracellular matrix regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and hematopoietic progenitors. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:2. [PMID: 35012633 PMCID: PMC8744352 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dissection of mechanisms involved in the regulation of bone marrow microenvironment through cell–cell and cell–matrix contacts is essential for the detailed understanding of processes underlying bone marrow activities both under physiological conditions and in hematologic malignancies. Here we describe Emilin-2 as an abundant extracellular matrix component of bone marrow stroma. Methods Immunodetection of Emilin-2 was performed in bone marrow sections of mice from 30 days to 6 months of age. Emilin-2 expression was monitored in vitro in primary and mesenchymal stem cell lines under undifferentiated and adipogenic conditions. Hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors in bone marrow of 3- to 10-month-old wild-type and Emilin-2 null mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Emilin-2 is deposited in bone marrow extracellular matrix in an age-dependent manner, forming a meshwork that extends from compact bone boundaries to the central trabecular regions. Emilin-2 is expressed and secreted by both primary and immortalized bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, exerting an inhibitory action in adipogenic differentiation. In vivo Emilin-2 deficiency impairs the frequency of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in bone marrow during aging. Conclusion Our data provide new insights in the contribution of bone marrow extracellular matrix microenvironment in the regulation of stem cell niches and hematopoietic progenitor differentiation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02674-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Da Ros
- SOSd Cell Stem Unit, Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Center CRO-IRCSS, 33081, Aviano, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Persano
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.,IRP - Pediatric Research Institute, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dario Bizzotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Michieli
- SOSd Cell Therapy and High Dose Chemotherapy, National Cancer Center CRO- IRCCS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Mazzucato
- SOSd Cell Stem Unit, Department of Translational Research, National Cancer Center CRO-IRCSS, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy. .,CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schiavinato A, Przyklenk M, Kobbe B, Paulsson M, Wagener R. Collagen type VI is the antigen recognized by the ER-TR7 antibody. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2345-2347. [PMID: 34180542 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibody ER-TR7 was used in a great number of studies for detecting reticular fibroblasts and the ECM of lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs even if the protein recognized by the ER-TR7 antibody was not known. We have now identified native collagen VI microfibrils as its tissue antigen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvise Schiavinato
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Istituto Di Patologia Clinica, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine (ASUID), Udine, Italy
| | - Matthias Przyklenk
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Kobbe
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mats Paulsson
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Semba RD, Zhang P, Dufresne C, Gao T, Al-Jadaan I, Craven ER, Qian J, Edward DP, Mahale A. Primary angle closure glaucoma is characterized by altered extracellular matrix homeostasis in the iris. Proteomics Clin Appl 2021; 15:e2000094. [PMID: 34240827 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the proteome of the iris in primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this cross-sectional study, iris samples were obtained from surgical iridectomy of 48 adults with PACG and five normal controls. Peptides from iris were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on an Orbitrap Q Exactive Plus mass spectrometer. Verification of proteins of interest was conducted using selected reaction monitoring on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The main outcome was proteins with a log2 two-fold difference in expression in iris between PACG and controls. RESULTS There were 3,446 non-redundant proteins identified in human iris, of which 416 proteins were upregulated and 251 proteins were downregulated in PACG compared with controls. Thirty-two upregulated proteins were either components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) (fibrillar collagens, EMILIN-2, fibrinogen, fibronectin, matrilin-2), matricellular proteins (thrombospondin-1), proteins involved in cell-matrix interactions (integrins, laminin, histidine-rich glycoprotein, paxillin), or protease inhibitors known to modulate ECM turnover (α-2 macroglobulin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, papilin). Two giant proteins, titin and obscurin, were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in the iris in PACG compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This proteomic study shows that ECM composition and homeostasis are altered in the iris in PACG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Semba
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Pingbo Zhang
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Tianshun Gao
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Earl R Craven
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiang Qian
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Deepak P Edward
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alka Mahale
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The Role of miRNAs in Extracellular Matrix Repair and Chronic Fibrotic Lung Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071706. [PMID: 34359876 PMCID: PMC8304879 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in the normal architecture of the lung, from embryonic lung development to mechanical stability and elastic recoil of the breathing adult lung. The lung ECM can modulate the biophysical environment of cells through ECM stiffness, porosity, topography and insolubility. In a reciprocal interaction, lung ECM dynamics result from the synthesis, degradation and organization of ECM components by the surrounding structural and immune cells. Repeated lung injury and repair can trigger a vicious cycle of aberrant ECM protein deposition, accompanied by elevated ECM stiffness, which has a lasting effect on cell and tissue function. The processes governing the resolution of injury repair are regulated by several pathways; however, in chronic lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary disease (IPF) these processes are compromised, resulting in impaired cell function and ECM remodeling. Current estimates show that more than 60% of the human coding transcripts are regulated by miRNAs. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expressions and modulate cellular functions. This review is focused on the current knowledge of miRNAs in regulating ECM synthesis, degradation and topography by cells and their dysregulation in asthma, COPD and IPF.
Collapse
|
13
|
Cicuéndez M, Casarrubios L, Feito MJ, Madarieta I, Garcia-Urkia N, Murua O, Olalde B, Briz N, Diez-Orejas R, Portolés MT. Candida albicans/Macrophage Biointerface on Human and Porcine Decellularized Adipose Matrices. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050392. [PMID: 34067785 PMCID: PMC8156393 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, cells effective in sensing, internalizing and killing Candida albicans, are intertwined with the extracellular matrix (ECM) through different signals, which include the release of specific cytokines. Due to the importance of these interactions, the employment of in vitro models mimicking a fungal infection scenario is essential to evaluate the ECM effects on the macrophage response. In this work, we have analyzed the effects of human and porcine decellularized adipose matrices (DAMs), obtained by either enzymatic or organic solvent treatment, on the macrophage/Candida albicans interface. The present study has allowed us to detect differences on the activation of macrophages cultured on either human- or porcine-derived DAMs, evidencing changes in the macrophage actin cytoskeleton, such as distinct F-actin-rich membrane structures to surround the pathogen. The macrophage morphological changes observed on these four DAMs are key to understand the defense capability of these cells against this fungal pathogen. This work has contributed to the knowledge of the influence that the extracellular matrix and its components can exert on macrophage metabolism, immunocompetence and capacity to respond to the microenvironment in a possible infection scenario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Cicuéndez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Laura Casarrubios
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
| | - María José Feito
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Iratxe Madarieta
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Nerea Garcia-Urkia
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Olatz Murua
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Beatriz Olalde
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence: (B.O.); (R.D.-O.); (M.T.P.)
| | - Nerea Briz
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), E20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain; (I.M.); (N.G.-U.); (O.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Rosalía Diez-Orejas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.O.); (R.D.-O.); (M.T.P.)
| | - María Teresa Portolés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.); (L.C.); (M.J.F.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (B.O.); (R.D.-O.); (M.T.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ouni E, Bouzin C, Dolmans MM, Marbaix E, Pyr Dit Ruys S, Vertommen D, Amorim CA. Spatiotemporal changes in mechanical matrisome components of the human ovary from prepuberty to menopause. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:1391-1410. [PMID: 32539154 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How do elastic matrisome components change during the lifetime of the human ovary? SUMMARY ANSWER The deposition and remodeling of mechanical matrisome components (collagen, elastin, elastin microfibril interface-located protein 1 (EMILIN-1), fibrillin-1 and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)) that play key roles in signaling pathways related to follicle activation and development evolve in an age- and follicle stage-related manner. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The mechanobiology of the human ovary and dynamic reciprocity that exists between ovarian cells and their microenvironment is of high importance. Indeed, while the localization of primordial follicles in the collagen-rich ovarian cortex offers a rigid physical environment that supports follicle architecture and probably plays a role in their survival, ovarian extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness limits follicle expansion and hence oocyte maturation, maintaining follicles in their quiescent state. As growing follicles migrate to the medulla of the ovary, they encounter a softer, more pliant ECM, allowing expansion and development. Thus, changes in the rigidity of the ovarian ECM have a direct effect on follicle behavior. Evidence supporting a role for the physical environment in follicle activation was provided in clinical practice by ovarian tissue fragmentation, which promoted actin polymerization and disrupted ovarian Hippo signaling, leading to increased expression of downstream growth factors, promotion of follicle growth and generation of mature oocytes. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We investigated quantitative spatiotemporal changes in collagen, elastin, EMILIN-1, fibrillin-1 and GAGs from prepuberty to menopause, before conducting a closer analysis of the ECM surrounding follicles, from primordial to secondary stages, in both prepubertal and tissue from women of reproductive age. The study included ovarian tissue (cortex) from 68 patients of different ages: prepubertal (n = 16; mean age [±SD]=8 ± 2 years); reproductive (n = 21; mean age [±SD]=27 ± 4 years); menopausal with estrogen-based HRT (n = 7; mean age [±SD]=58 ± 4 years); and menopausal without HRT (n = 24; mean age [±SD]=61 ± 5 years). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Quantitative investigations of collagen and GAG deposition in ovarian tissue throughout a woman's lifetime were conducted by analyzing brightfield images. Characteristic features of collagen fiber content were based on polarized light microscopy, since polarized light changes with fiber thickness. To evaluate the deposition and distribution of elastin, fibrillin-1 and EMILIN-1, multiplex immunofluorescence was used on at least three sections from each patient. Image processing and tailored bioinformatic analysis were applied to enable spatiotemporal quantitative evaluation of elastic system component deposition in the human ovary over its lifetime. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE While collagen levels increased with age, fibrillin-1 and EMILIN-1 declined. Interestingly, collagen and elastin reached their peak in reproductive-age women compared to prepubertal (P < 0.01; P = 0.262) and menopausal subjects with (P = 0.706; P < 0.01) and without (P = 0.987; P = 0.610) HRT, indicating a positive impact of secreted estrogen and hormone treatment on collagen and elastin preservation. Interestingly, HRT appears to affect elastin presence in ovarian tissue, since a significantly higher (P < 0.05) proportion of elastin was detected in biopsies from menopausal women taking HRT compared to those not. Higher GAG levels were found in adult ovaries compared to prepubertal ovaries (P < 0.05), suggesting changes in tissue ultrastructure and elasticity with age. In this context, elevated GAG values are suspected to participate in hampering formation of the fibrillin-1 network (r = -0.2475; P = 0.04687), which explains its decline over time. This decline partially accounts for the decrease in EMILIN-1 (r = 0.4149; P = 0.00059). Closer examination of the ECM surrounding follicles from the primordial to the secondary stage, both before and after puberty, points to high levels of mechanical stress placed on prepubertal follicles compared to the more compliant ECM around reproductive-age follicles, as suggested by the higher collagen levels and lower elastin content detected mainly around primordial (P < 0.0001; P < 0.0001, respectively) and primary (P < 0.0001; P < 0.001, respectively) follicles. Such a stiff niche is nonpermissive to prepubertal follicle activation and growth, and is more inclined to quiescence. LARGE SCALE DATA Not applicable. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The duration and form of administered HRT were not considered when studying the menopausal patient group undergoing treatment. Moreover, we cannot exclude interference from other nongynecological medications taken by the study patients on ovarian ECM properties since there is no information in the literature describing the impact of each medication on the ECM. Finally, since the ECM is by definition a very heterogeneous meshwork of proteins, the use of two-dimensional histology could be a limitation. Single time points on fixed tissues could also present limitations, since following ovary dynamics from prepuberty to menopause in the same patient is not feasible. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS From a biomechanical perspective, our study revealed important changes to ECM properties dictating the mechanical features of ovarian tissue, in line with the existing literature. Our findings pave the way for possible therapeutic targets at the ECM level in the context of female fertility and ovarian rejuvenation, such as mechanical stimulation, antifibrotic treatments, and prevention or reversion of elastic ECM degradation. Our study also sheds light on the follicle-specific ECM composition that is dependent on follicle stage and age. These data will prove very useful in designing biomimetic scaffolds and tissue-engineered models like the artificial ovary. Indeed, they emphasize the importance of encapsulating each type of isolated follicle in an appropriate biomaterial that must replicate the corresponding functional perifollicular ECM and respect ovarian tissue heterogeneity in order to guarantee its biomimicry. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by grants from the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (FNRS) (C.A.A. is an FRS-FNRS research associate; grant 5/4/150/5 awarded to M.M.D.) and the Université Catholique de Louvain (PhD grant 'Coopération au développement' awarded to E.O.). None of the authors have any competing interests to declare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Ouni
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M M Dolmans
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,Gynecology and Andrology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Marbaix
- Pathology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.,Cell Biology Unit, de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Pyr Dit Ruys
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Vertommen
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - C A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adamo CS, Zuk AV, Sengle G. The fibrillin microfibril/elastic fibre network: A critical extracellular supramolecular scaffold to balance skin homoeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:25-37. [PMID: 32920888 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular networks composed of fibrillins (fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2) and associated ligands form intricate cellular microenvironments which balance skin homoeostasis and direct remodelling. Fibrillins assemble into microfibrils which are not only indispensable for conferring elasticity to the skin, but also control the bioavailability of growth factors targeted to the extracellular matrix architecture. Fibrillin microfibrils (FMF) represent the core scaffolds for elastic fibre formation, and they also decorate the surface of elastic fibres and form independent networks. In normal dermis, elastic fibres are suspended in a three-dimensional basket-like lattice of FMF intersecting basement membranes at the dermal-epidermal junction and thus conferring pliability to the skin. The importance of FMF for skin homoeostasis is illustrated by the clinical features caused by mutations in the human fibrillin genes (FBN1, FBN2), summarized as "fibrillinopathies." In skin, fibrillin mutations result in phenotypes ranging from thick, stiff and fibrotic skin to thin, lax and hyperextensible skin. The most plausible explanation for this spectrum of phenotypic outcomes is that FMF regulate growth factor signalling essential for proper growth and homoeostasis of the skin. Here, we will give an overview about the current understanding of the underlying pathomechanisms leading to fibrillin-dependent fibrosis as well as forms of cutis laxa caused by mutational inactivation of FMF-associated ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christin S Adamo
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra V Zuk
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
EMILIN proteins are novel extracellular constituents of the dentin-pulp complex. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15320. [PMID: 32948785 PMCID: PMC7501263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Odontoblasts and pulp stroma cells are embedded within supramolecular networks of extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibrillin microfibrils and associated proteins are crucial constituents of these networks, serving as contextual scaffolds to regulate tissue development and homeostasis by providing both structural and mechanical properties and sequestering growth factors of the TGF-β superfamily. EMILIN-1, -2, and -3 are microfibril-associated glycoproteins known to modulate cell behaviour, growth factor activity, and ECM assembly. So far their expression in the various cells of the dentin-pulp complex during development, in the adult stage, and during inflammation has not been investigated. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and western blot analysis of developing and adult mouse molars and incisors revealed an abundant presence of EMILINs in the entire dental papilla, at early developmental stages. Later in development the signal intensity for EMILIN-3 decreases, while EMILIN-1 and -2 staining appears to increase in the pre-dentin and in the ECM surrounding odontoblasts. Our data also demonstrate new specific interactions of EMILINs with fibulins in the dentin enamel junction. Interestingly, in dentin caries lesions the signal for EMILIN-3 was significantly increased in inflamed odontoblasts. Overall our findings point for the first time to a role of EMILINs in dentinogenesis, pulp biology, and inflammation.
Collapse
|
17
|
Dengjel J, Bruckner-Tuderman L, Nyström A. Skin proteomics - analysis of the extracellular matrix in health and disease. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:377-391. [PMID: 32552150 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1773261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The skin protects the human body from external insults and regulates water and temperature homeostasis. A highly developed extracellular matrix (ECM) supports the skin and instructs its cell functions. Reduced functionality of the ECM is often associated with skin diseases that cause physical impairment and also have implications on social interactions and quality of life of affected individuals. AREAS COVERED With a focus on the skin ECM we discuss how mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic approaches first contributed to establishing skin protein inventories and then facilitated elucidation of molecular functions and disease mechanisms. EXPERT OPINION MS-based proteomic approaches have significantly contributed to our understanding of skin pathophysiology, but also revealed the challenges in assessing the skin ECM. The numerous posttranslational modifications of ECM proteins, like glycosylation, crosslinking, oxidation, and proteolytic maturation in disease settings can be difficult to tackle and remain understudied. Increased ease of handling of LC-MS/MS systems and automated/streamlined data analysis pipelines together with the accompanying increased usage of LC-MS/MS approaches will ensure that in the coming years MS-based proteomic approaches will continue to play a vital part in skin disease research. They will facilitate the elucidation of molecular disease mechanisms and, ultimately, identification of new druggable targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Dengjel
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg , Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg , Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Germany
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg , Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Russell IJ, Lukashkina VA, Levic S, Cho YW, Lukashkin AN, Ng L, Forrest D. Emilin 2 promotes the mechanical gradient of the cochlear basilar membrane and resolution of frequencies in sound. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaba2634. [PMID: 32577518 PMCID: PMC7286672 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba2634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The detection of different frequencies in sound is accomplished with remarkable precision by the basilar membrane (BM), an elastic, ribbon-like structure with graded stiffness along the cochlear spiral. Sound stimulates a wave of displacement along the BM with maximal magnitude at precise, frequency-specific locations to excite neural signals that carry frequency information to the brain. Perceptual frequency discrimination requires fine resolution of this frequency map, but little is known of the intrinsic molecular features that demarcate the place of response on the BM. To investigate the role of BM microarchitecture in frequency discrimination, we deleted extracellular matrix protein emilin 2, which disturbed the filamentous organization in the BM. Emilin2 -/- mice displayed broadened mechanical and neural frequency tuning with multiple response peaks that are shifted to lower frequencies than normal. Thus, emilin 2 confers a stiffness gradient on the BM that is critical for accurate frequency resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ian J. Russell
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Victoria A. Lukashkina
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Snezana Levic
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK
| | - Young-Wook Cho
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Andrei N. Lukashkin
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Lily Ng
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Douglas Forrest
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Receptor Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao Y, Zhang X, Yao J, Jin Z, Liu C. Expression patterns and the prognostic value of the EMILIN/Multimerin family members in low-grade glioma. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8696. [PMID: 32175193 PMCID: PMC7058105 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Managing low-grade gliomas (LGG) remains a major medical challenge due to the infiltrating nature of the tumor and failure of surgical resection to eliminate the disease. EMILIN/Multimerins contain the gC1q signature, which is involved in many tumor processes. However, the expression and prognostic value of EMILIN/Multimerins in LGG remains unclear. This study used integrated bioinformatics analysis to investigate the expression pattern, prognostic value and function of EMILIN/Multimerins in patients with LGG. We analyzed the transcription levels and prognostic value EMILIN/Multimerins in LGG using the ONCOMINE, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and UALCAN databases. The mutation and co-expression rates of neighboring genes in EMILIN/Multimerins were studied using cBioPortal. TIMER and Metascape were used to reveal the potential function of EMILIN/Multimerins in LGG. According to our analysis, most EMILIN/Multimerins were overexpressed in LGG and shared a clear association with immune cells. GEPIA analysis confirmed that high levels of EMILIN/Multimerins, not including MMRN2, were associated with a poor prognosis in disease-free survival of patients with LGG. Additionally, we discovered that EMILIN/Multimerins may regulate LGG and we found a correlation between their expression patterns and distinct pathological grades. We found that EMILIN/Multimerins serve as possible prognostic biomarkers and high-priority therapeutic targets patients with LGG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Junchao Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhibin Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Godwin ARF, Singh M, Lockhart-Cairns MP, Alanazi YF, Cain SA, Baldock C. The role of fibrillin and microfibril binding proteins in elastin and elastic fibre assembly. Matrix Biol 2019; 84:17-30. [PMID: 31226403 PMCID: PMC6943813 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillin is a large evolutionarily ancient extracellular glycoprotein that assembles to form beaded microfibrils which are essential components of most extracellular matrices. Fibrillin microfibrils have specific biomechanical properties to endow animal tissues with limited elasticity, a fundamental feature of the durable function of large blood vessels, skin and lungs. They also form a template for elastin deposition and provide a platform for microfibril-elastin binding proteins to interact in elastic fibre assembly. In addition to their structural role, fibrillin microfibrils mediate cell signalling via integrin and syndecan receptors, and microfibrils sequester transforming growth factor (TGF)β family growth factors within the matrix to provide a tissue store which is critical for homeostasis and remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan R F Godwin
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Mukti Singh
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael P Lockhart-Cairns
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Yasmene F Alanazi
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Stuart A Cain
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gene Expression Profiling of the Extracellular Matrix Signature in Macrophages of Different Activation Status: Relevance for Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205086. [PMID: 31615030 PMCID: PMC6829210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for tissue architecture and is a major effector of cell behavior during skin repair and inflammation. Macrophages are involved in all stages of skin repair but only limited knowledge exists about macrophage-specific expression and regulation of ECM components. In this study, we used transcriptome profiling and bioinformatic analysis to define the unique expression of ECM-associated genes in cultured macrophages. Characterization of the matrisome revealed that most genes were constitutively expressed and that several genes were uniquely regulated upon interferon gamma (IFNγ) and dexamethasone stimulation. Among those core matrisome and matrisome-associated components transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-induced, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), elastin microfibril interfacer (EMILIN)-1, netrin-1 and gliomedin were also present within the wound bed at time points that are characterized by profound macrophage infiltration. Hence, macrophages are a source of ECM components in vitro as well as during skin wound healing, and identification of these matrisome components is a first step to understand the role and therapeutic value of ECM components in macrophages and during wound healing.
Collapse
|
22
|
Chiarelli N, Ritelli M, Zoppi N, Colombi M. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Classical, Vascular, and Hypermobile Ehlers‒Danlos Syndromes. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E609. [PMID: 31409039 PMCID: PMC6723307 DOI: 10.3390/genes10080609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ehlers‒Danlos syndromes (EDS) constitute a heterogenous group of connective tissue disorders characterized by joint hypermobility, skin abnormalities, and vascular fragility. The latest nosology recognizes 13 types caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding collagens and other molecules involved in collagen processing and extracellular matrix (ECM) biology. Classical (cEDS), vascular (vEDS), and hypermobile (hEDS) EDS are the most frequent types. cEDS and vEDS are caused respectively by defects in collagen V and collagen III, whereas the molecular basis of hEDS is unknown. For these disorders, the molecular pathology remains poorly studied. Herein, we review, expand, and compare our previous transcriptome and protein studies on dermal fibroblasts from cEDS, vEDS, and hEDS patients, offering insights and perspectives in their molecular mechanisms. These cells, though sharing a pathological ECM remodeling, show differences in the underlying pathomechanisms. In cEDS and vEDS fibroblasts, key processes such as collagen biosynthesis/processing, protein folding quality control, endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis, autophagy, and wound healing are perturbed. In hEDS cells, gene expression changes related to cell-matrix interactions, inflammatory/pain responses, and acquisition of an in vitro pro-inflammatory myofibroblast-like phenotype may contribute to the complex pathogenesis of the disorder. Finally, emerging findings from miRNA profiling of hEDS fibroblasts are discussed to add some novel biological aspects about hEDS etiopathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Chiarelli
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Ritelli
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Zoppi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marina Colombi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zigrino P, Sengle G. Fibrillin microfibrils and proteases, key integrators of fibrotic pathways. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 146:3-16. [PMID: 29709492 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular networks composed of multi-domain ECM proteins represent intricate cellular microenvironments which are required to balance tissue homeostasis and direct remodeling. Structural deficiency in ECM proteins results in imbalances in ECM-cell communication resulting often times in fibrotic reactions. To understand how individual components of the ECM integrate communication with the cell surface by presenting growth factors or providing fine-tuned biomechanical properties is mandatory for gaining a better understanding of disease mechanisms in the quest for new therapeutic approaches. Here we provide an overview about what we can learn from inherited connective tissue disorders caused primarily by mutations in fibrillin-1 and binding partners as well as by altered ECM processing leading to defined structural changes and similar functional knock-in mouse models. We will utilize this knowledge to propose new molecular hypotheses which should be tested in future studies.
Collapse
|
24
|
Schütz R, Rawlings A, Wandeler E, Jackson E, Trevisan S, Monneuse J, Bendik I, Massironi M, Imfeld D. Bio-derived hydroxystearic acid ameliorates skin age spots and conspicuous pores. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:240-256. [PMID: 30955220 PMCID: PMC6852045 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We report on the preparation and efficacy of 10-hydroxystearic acid (HSA) that improves facial age spots and conspicuous pores. METHODS The hydration of oleic acid into HSA was catalyzed by the oleate hydratase from Escherichia coli. Following treatment with HSA, collagen type I and type III was assessed in primary human dermal fibroblasts together with collagen type III, p53 protein levels and sunburn cells (SBC) after UVB irradiation (1 J cm-2 ) by immunohistochemistry on human ex vivo skin. UVB-induced expression of matrix metalloprotease-1 (MMP-1) was determined from full thickness skin by RT-qPCR. Modification of the fibroblast secretome by HSA was studied by mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. In a full-face, double blind, vehicle-controlled trial HSA was assessed for its effects on conspicuous facial pore size and degree of pigmentation of age spots in Caucasian women over an 8-week period. RESULTS HSA was obtained in enantiomeric pure, high yield (≥80%). Collagen type I and type III levels were dose-dependently increased (96% and 244%; P < 0.01) in vitro and collagen type III in ex vivo skin by +57% (P < 0.01) by HSA. HSA also inhibited UVB-induced MMP-1 gene expression (83%; P < 0.01) and mitigated SBC induction (-34% vs. vehicle control) and reduced significantly UV-induced p53 up-regulation (-46% vs. vehicle control; P < 0.01) in irradiated skin. HSA modified the fibroblast secretome with significant increases in proteins associated with the WNT pathway that could reduce melanogenesis and proteins that could modify dermal fibroblast activity and keratinocyte differentiation to account for the alleviation of conspicuous pores. Docking studies in silico and EC50 determination in reporter gene assays (EC50 5.5 × 10-6 M) identified HSA as a peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor-α (PPARα) agonist. Clinically, HSA showed a statistically significant decrease of surface and volume of skin pores (P < 0.05) after 8 weeks of application and age spots became significantly less pigmented than the surrounding skin (contrast, P < 0.05) after 4 weeks. CONCLUSION HSA acts as a PPARα agonist to reduce the signs of age spots and conspicuous pores by significantly modulating the expression of p53, SBC, MMP-1 and collagen together with major changes in secreted proteins that modify keratinocyte, melanocyte and fibroblast cell behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Schütz
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.KaiseraugstSwitzerland
| | | | - E. Wandeler
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.KaiseraugstSwitzerland
| | - E. Jackson
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.KaiseraugstSwitzerland
| | | | | | - I. Bendik
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.KaiseraugstSwitzerland
| | | | - D. Imfeld
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd.KaiseraugstSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ramaswamy AK, Vorp DA, Weinbaum JS. Functional Vascular Tissue Engineering Inspired by Matricellular Proteins. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:74. [PMID: 31214600 PMCID: PMC6554335 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering specifically, has benefited from a greater appreciation of the native extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibronectin, collagen, and elastin have entered the tissue engineer's toolkit; however, as fully decellularized biomaterials have come to the forefront in vascular engineering it has become apparent that the ECM is comprised of more than just fibronectin, collagen, and elastin, and that cell-instructive molecules known as matricellular proteins are critical for desired outcomes. In brief, matricellular proteins are ECM constituents that contrast with the canonical structural proteins of the ECM in that their primary role is to interact with the cell. Of late, matricellular genes have been linked to diseases including connective tissue disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Despite the range of biological activities, this class of biomolecules has not been actively used in the field of regenerative medicine. The intent of this review is to bring matricellular proteins into wider use in the context of vascular tissue engineering. Matricellular proteins orchestrate the formation of new collagen and elastin fibers that have proper mechanical properties-these will be essential components for a fully biological small diameter tissue engineered vascular graft (TEVG). Matricellular proteins also regulate the initiation of thrombosis via fibrin deposition and platelet activation, and the clearance of thrombus when it is no longer needed-proper regulation of thrombosis will be critical for maintaining patency of a TEVG after implantation. Matricellular proteins regulate the adhesion, migration, and proliferation of endothelial cells-all are biological functions that will be critical for formation of a thrombus-resistant endothelium within a TEVG. Lastly, matricellular proteins regulate the adhesion, migration, proliferation, and activation of smooth muscle cells-proper control of these biological activities will be critical for a TEVG that recellularizes and resists neointimal formation/stenosis. We review all of these functions for matricellular proteins here, in addition to reviewing the few studies that have been performed at the intersection of matricellular protein biology and vascular tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneesh K Ramaswamy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - David A Vorp
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Justin S Weinbaum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Fitoussi R, Beauchef G, Guéré C, André N, Vié K. Localization, fate and interactions of Emilin-1 in human skin. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:183-193. [PMID: 30843221 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emilin-1 is a versatile protein abundant in tissues where resilience and elastic recoil are prominent and interacting with components of the extracellular matrix. Still, little is known about Emilin-1 in the skin. Therefore, we investigated Emilin-1 in the skin, its localization, its fate upon ageing, its interactions with other proteins and the effect of its knockdown. METHODS Skin explants from young or old Caucasian women, immunofluorescently labelled by anti-Emilin-1, anti-Fibrillin-1 and anti-Elastin antibodies, were analysed using confocal microscopy. Skin explants subjected to UV-induced skin ageing were also analysed. Colocalization of Emilin-1 with Collagen IV, Fibrillin-1 and Elastin was studied by multiphoton microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation. Finally, the effect of Emilin-1 extinction was studied by producing small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown fibroblasts and by analysing the outcome on selected genes. RESULTS In skin sections from young donors, Emilin-1 localizes similarly to Elastin and Fibrillin-1. In the papillary dermis, it shows clear and ramified structures, perpendicular to the dermo-epidermal junction that are reminiscent of the oxytalan fibres. In the reticular dermis, Emilin-1 signal appears identical to that of the elastic fibres network. Upon intrinsic or UV-induced ageing, the signal associated with Emilin-1 is drastically reduced and disorganized. Multiphoton microscopy study shows that, as expected, Emilin-1 colocalizes with Elastin. It also colocalizes with Collagen IV in the basement membrane and within dermal fibroblasts. Interaction of Emilin-1 with Elastin and Collagen IV was also found by co-immunoprecipitation. It also reveals interaction with Laminin-5. Finally, siRNA-mediated knockdown of EMILIN-1 show little effect on the expression level of the 61 genes we studied. The most striking change is a downregulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 that show a decrease similar to that of EMILIN-1 itself and after 8 days a downregulation of COL6A1. CONCLUSION In skin, Emilin-1 locates in the dermis, up to the basement membrane, interacting with components of the extracellular matrix but also with the anchoring complex. These interactions are important for cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and would suggest that Emilin-1 might be important for maintaining the 3D structure of the extracellular matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Fitoussi
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - G Beauchef
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - C Guéré
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - N André
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| | - K Vié
- Laboratoires Clarins, 5 rue Ampère, 95300, Pontoise, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nyström A, Bruckner-Tuderman L. Matrix molecules and skin biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 89:136-146. [PMID: 30076963 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An extracellular matrix (ECM) is a prerequisite for multicellular life. It is adapted to tissues and constantly undergoes changes to preserve microenvironmental homeostasis. The ECM acts as a structural scaffold that establishes tissue architecture and provides tensile strength. It has cell-instructive functions by serving as a reservoir and presenter of soluble agents, being directly signaling, integrating transmission of mechanical and biological cues, or serving as a co-factor potentiating signaling. The skin contains a highly developed, mechanically tough, but yet flexible ECM. The tissue-specific features of this ECM are largely attributed by minor ECM components. A large number of genetic and acquired ECM diseases with skin manifestations, provide an illustrative testament to the importance of correct assembly of the ECM for dermal homeostasis. Here, we will present the composition and features of the skin ECM during homeostasis and regeneration. We will discuss genetic and acquired ECM diseases affecting skin, and provide a short outlook to therapeutic strategies for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Paulitti A, Andreuzzi E, Bizzotto D, Pellicani R, Tarticchio G, Marastoni S, Pastrello C, Jurisica I, Ligresti G, Bucciotti F, Doliana R, Colladel R, Braghetta P, Poletto E, Di Silvestre A, Bressan G, Colombatti A, Bonaldo P, Mongiat M. The ablation of the matricellular protein EMILIN2 causes defective vascularization due to impaired EGFR-dependent IL-8 production affecting tumor growth. Oncogene 2018; 37:3399-3414. [PMID: 29483644 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-017-0107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
EMILIN2 is an extracellular matrix constituent playing an important role in angiogenesis; however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. Here we show that EMILIN2 promotes angiogenesis by directly binding epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which enhances interleukin-8 (IL-8) production. In turn, IL-8 stimulates the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells. Emilin2 null mice were generated and exhibited delayed retinal vascular development, which was rescued by the administration of the IL-8 murine ortholog MIP-2. Next, we assessed tumor growth and tumor-associated angiogenesis in these mice. Tumor cell growth in Emilin2 null mice was impaired as well as the expression of MIP-2. The vascular density of the tumors developed in Emilin2 null mice was prejudiced and vessels perfusion, as well as response to chemotherapy, decreased. Accordingly, human tumors expressing high levels of EMILIN2 were more responsive to chemotherapy. These results point at EMILIN2 as a key microenvironmental cue affecting vessel formation and unveil the possibility to develop new prognostic tools to predict chemotherapy efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Paulitti
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Eva Andreuzzi
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Dario Bizzotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosanna Pellicani
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giulia Tarticchio
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Stefano Marastoni
- Department of Computer Science, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chiara Pastrello
- Department of Computer Science, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Department of Computer Science, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Tissue Repair and Meccano Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Francesco Bucciotti
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberto Doliana
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberta Colladel
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Evelina Poletto
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Silvestre
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bressan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alfonso Colombatti
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Mongiat
- Department of Translational Research, Division of Molecular Oncology, CRO, Aviano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Eckersley A, Mellody KT, Pilkington S, Griffiths CEM, Watson REB, O'Cualain R, Baldock C, Knight D, Sherratt MJ. Structural and compositional diversity of fibrillin microfibrils in human tissues. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5117-5133. [PMID: 29453284 PMCID: PMC5892578 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastic fibers comprising fibrillin microfibrils and elastin are present in many tissues, including the skin, lungs, and arteries, where they confer elasticity and resilience. Although fibrillin microfibrils play distinct and tissue-specific functional roles, it is unclear whether their ultrastructure and composition differ between elastin-rich (skin) and elastin-poor (ciliary body and zonule) organs or after in vitro synthesis by cultured cells. Here, we used atomic force microscopy, which revealed that the bead morphology of fibrillin microfibrils isolated from the human eye differs from those isolated from the skin. Using newly developed pre-MS preparation methods and LC-MS/MS, we detected tissue-specific regions of the fibrillin-1 primary structure that were differentially susceptible to proteolytic extraction. Comparing tissue- and culture-derived microfibrils, we found that dermis- and dermal fibroblast–derived fibrillin microfibrils differ in both bead morphology and periodicity and also exhibit regional differences in fibrillin-1 proteolytic susceptibility. In contrast, collagen VI microfibrils from the same dermal or fibroblast samples were invariant in ultrastructure (periodicity) and protease susceptibility. Finally, we observed that skin- and eye-derived microfibril suspensions were enriched in elastic fiber– and basement membrane–associated proteins, respectively. LC-MS/MS also identified proteins (such as calreticulin and protein-disulfide isomerase) that are potentially fundamental to fibrillin microfibril biology, regardless of their tissue source. Fibrillin microfibrils synthesized in cell culture lacked some of these key proteins (MFAP2 and -4 and fibrillin-2). These results showcase the structural diversity of these key extracellular matrix assemblies, which may relate to their distinct roles in the tissues where they reside.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kieran T Mellody
- From the Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine
| | | | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- the Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences.,the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E B Watson
- the Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences.,the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Clair Baldock
- From the Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine.,the Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom and
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Schiavinato A, Keene DR, Imhof T, Doliana R, Sasaki T, Sengle G. Fibulin-4 deposition requires EMILIN-1 in the extracellular matrix of osteoblasts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5526. [PMID: 28717224 PMCID: PMC5514116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05835-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue microenvironments formed by extracellular matrix networks play an important role in regulating tissue structure and function. Extracellular microfibrillar networks composed of fibrillins and their associated ligands such as LTBPs, fibulins, and EMILINs are of particular interest in this regard since they provide a specialized cellular microenvironment guiding proper morphology and functional behavior of specialized cell types. To understand how cellular microenvironments composed of intricate microfibrillar networks influence cell fate decisions in a contextual manner, more information about the spatiotemporal localization, deposition, and function of their components is required. By employing confocal immunofluorescence and electron microscopy we investigated the localization and extracellular matrix deposition of EMILIN-1 and -2 in tissues of the skeletal system such as cartilage and bone as well as in in vitro cultures of osteoblasts. We found that upon RNAi mediated depletion of EMILIN-1 in primary calvarial osteoblasts and MC3T3-E1 cells only fibulin-4 matrix deposition was lost while other fibulin family members or LTBPs remained unaffected. Immunoprecipitation and ELISA-style binding assays confirmed a direct interaction between EMILIN-1 and fibulin-4. Our data suggest a new function for EMILIN-1 which implies the guidance of linear fibulin-4 matrix deposition and thereby fibulin-4 fiber formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvise Schiavinato
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Imhof
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Dental Research and Oral Musculoskeletal Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roberto Doliana
- Experimental Oncology 2, CRO, IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Takako Sasaki
- Department of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
De Maria A, Wilmarth PA, David LL, Bassnett S. Proteomic Analysis of the Bovine and Human Ciliary Zonule. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:573-585. [PMID: 28125844 PMCID: PMC5283081 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The zonule of Zinn (ciliary zonule) is a system of fibers that centers the crystalline lens on the optical axis of the eye. Mutations in zonule components underlie syndromic conditions associated with a broad range of ocular pathologies, including microspherophakia and ectopia lentis. Here, we used HPLC-mass spectrometry to determine the molecular composition of the zonule. Methods Tryptic digests of human and bovine zonular samples were analyzed by HPLC-mass spectrometry. The distribution of selected components was confirmed by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In bovine samples, the composition of the equatorial zonule was compared to that of the hyaloid zonule and vitreous humor. Results The 52 proteins common to the zonules of both species accounted for >95% of the zonular protein. Glycoproteins constituted the main structural components, with two proteins, FBN1 and LTBP2, constituting 70%-80% of the protein. Other abundant components were MFAP2, EMILIN-1, and ADAMTSL-6. Lysyl oxidase-like 1, a crosslinking enzyme implicated in collagen and elastin biogenesis, was detected at significant levels. The equatorial and hyaloid zonular samples were compositionally similar to each other, although the hyaloid sample was relatively enriched in the proteoglycan opticin and the fibrillar collagens COL2A1, COL11A1, COL5A2, and COL5A3. Conclusions The zonular proteome was surprisingly complex. In addition to structural components, it contained signaling proteins, protease inhibitors, and crosslinking enzymes. The equatorial and hyaloid zonules were similar in composition, but the latter may form part of a composite structure, the hyaloid membrane, that stabilizes the vitreous face.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia De Maria
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Phillip A Wilmarth
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Larry L David
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Steven Bassnett
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Corallo D, Schiavinato A, Bizzotto D, Milanetto M, Guljelmovic M, Keene DR, Sengle G, Braghetta P, Bonaldo P. EMILIN3, an extracellular matrix molecule with restricted distribution in skin. Exp Dermatol 2017; 26:435-438. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Corallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | | | - Dario Bizzotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Martina Milanetto
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | | | | | - Gerhard Sengle
- Center for Biochemistry; Medical Faculty, University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC); University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine; University of Padova; Padova Italy
- CRIBI Biotechnology Center; University of Padova; Padova Italy
| |
Collapse
|