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Voigt AY, Walter A, Young T, Graham JP, Bittencourt BMB, de Mingo Pulido A, Prieto K, Tsai KY, Sundberg JP, Oh J. Microbiome modulates immunotherapy response in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1624-1632. [PMID: 37350109 PMCID: PMC10592435 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized to alter cancer risk, progression and response to treatments such as immunotherapy, especially in cutaneous melanoma. However, whether the microbiome influences immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy response to non-melanoma skin cancer has not yet been defined. As squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are in closest proximity to the skin microbiome, we hypothesized that the skin microbiome, which regulates cutaneous immunity, might affect SCC-associated anti-PD1 immunotherapy treatment response. We used ultraviolet radiation to induce SCC in SKH1 hairless mice. We then treated the mice with broad-band antibiotics to deplete the microbiome, followed by colonisation by candidate skin and gut bacteria or persistent antibiotic treatment, all in parallel with ICI treatment. We longitudinally monitored skin and gut microbiome dynamics by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and tumour burden by periodic tumour measurements and histologic assessment. Our study revealed that antibiotics-induced abrogation of the microbiome reduced the tumour burden, suggesting a functional role of the microbiome in non-melanoma skin cancer therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Y. Voigt
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Alvaro de Mingo Pulido
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology and Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Karol Prieto
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology and Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Kenneth Y. Tsai
- Departments of Anatomic Pathology and Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Julia Oh
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Voigt AY, Walter A, Young T, Graham JP, Batista Bittencourt BM, de Mingo Pulido A, Prieto K, Tsai KY, Sundberg JP, Oh J. Microbiome modulates immunotherapy response in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.25.525369. [PMID: 36747869 PMCID: PMC9900860 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.25.525369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is increasingly recognized to alter cancer risk, progression, and response to treatments such as immunotherapy, especially in cutaneous melanoma. However, whether the microbiome influences immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy response to non-melanoma skin cancer has not yet been defined. As squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are in closest proximity to the skin microbiome, we hypothesized that the skin microbiome, which regulates cutaneous immunity, might affect SCC-associated anti-PD1 immunotherapy treatment response. We used ultraviolet radiation to induce SCC in SKH1 hairless mice. We then treated the mice with broad-band antibiotics to deplete the microbiome, followed by colonization by candidate skin and gut bacteria or persistent antibiotic treatment, all in parallel with ICI treatment. We longitudinally monitored skin and gut microbiome dynamics by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and tumor burden by periodic tumor measurements and histologic assessment. Our study revealed that antibiotics-induced abrogation of the microbiome reduced tumor burden, suggesting a functional role of the microbiome in non-melanoma skin cancer therapy response.
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Bikle DD. Ligand-Independent Actions of the Vitamin D Receptor: More Questions Than Answers. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10578. [PMID: 34950833 PMCID: PMC8674770 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Our predominant understanding of the actions of vitamin D involve binding of its ligand, 1,25(OH)D, to the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which for its genomic actions binds to discrete regions of its target genes called vitamin D response elements. However, chromatin immunoprecipitation‐sequencing (ChIP‐seq) studies have observed that the VDR can bind to many sites in the genome without its ligand. The number of such sites and how much they coincide with sites that also bind the liganded VDR vary from cell to cell, with the keratinocyte from the skin having the greatest overlap and the intestinal epithelial cell having the least. What is the purpose of the unliganded VDR? In this review, I will focus on two clear examples in which the unliganded VDR plays a role. The best example is that of hair follicle cycling. Hair follicle cycling does not need 1,25(OH)2D, and Vdr lacking the ability to bind 1,25(OH)2D can restore hair follicle cycling in mice otherwise lacking Vdr. This is not true for other functions of VDR such as intestinal calcium transport. Tumor formation in the skin after UVB radiation or the application of chemical carcinogens also appears to be at least partially independent of 1,25(OH)2D in that Vdr null mice develop such tumors after these challenges, but mice lacking Cyp27b1, the enzyme producing 1,25(OH)2D, do not. Examples in other tissues emerge when studies comparing Vdr null and Cyp27b1 null mice are compared, demonstrating a more severe phenotype with respect to bone mineral homeostasis in the Cyp27b1 null mouse, suggesting a repressor function for VDR. This review will examine potential mechanisms for these ligand‐independent actions of VDR, but as the title indicates, there are more questions than answers with respect to this role of VDR. © 2021 The Author. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Bikle
- Departments of Medicine and Dermatology University of California San Francisco, San Francisco VA Health Center San Francisco CA USA
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Adams AC, Macy AM, Saboda K, Dickinson SE, Glembocki DJ, Roe DJ, Hastings KT. Solar Simulated Light Induces Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Inbred Mice: A Clinically Relevant Model to Investigate T-Cell Responses. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2990-2993.e6. [PMID: 34252399 PMCID: PMC9261959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anngela C Adams
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine - Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Anne M Macy
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine - Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Sally E Dickinson
- Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine - Tucson, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - David J Glembocki
- US Dermatology Partners Pathology Laboratory, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Denise J Roe
- Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Karen Taraszka Hastings
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine - Phoenix, The University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA; Cancer Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
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Goo H, Mo S, Park HJ, Lee MY, Ahn JC. Treatment with LEDs at a wavelength of 642 nm enhances skin tumor proliferation in a mouse model. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:5583-5596. [PMID: 34692202 PMCID: PMC8515971 DOI: 10.1364/boe.427205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is attracting increased attention in the fields of dermatology and cosmetics. PBM with a variety of light parameters has been used widely in skin care, but can cause certain types of unwanted cells to proliferate in the skin; this can lead to skin tumors, such as papillomas and cancers. We constructed a mouse model of human skin tumors using DMBA as an initiator and TPA as a promoter, and confirmed that LEDs with a wavelength of 642 nm (red light) increased tumor size, epidermal thickness, and systemic proinflammatory cytokine levels. These results indicated that skin tumor cell proliferation may result from the use of 642 nm LEDs, suggesting the need for regulation of skin care based on LED light therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeyoon Goo
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - SangJoon Mo
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Ju Park
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Contributed equally
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Department of Medical Laser, Graduate School of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Medical Laser Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Contributed equally
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Mintie CA, Musarra AK, Singh CK, Ndiaye MA, Sullivan R, Eickhoff JC, Ahmad N. Protective Effects of Dietary Grape on UVB-Mediated Cutaneous Damages and Skin Tumorigenesis in SKH-1 Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071751. [PMID: 32630288 PMCID: PMC7409354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most diagnosed cancers in the US and occur more frequently in males. We previously demonstrated chemoprotective effects of dietary grape powder (GP) against UVB-mediated skin tumorigenesis in female SKH-1 mice. To expand on this, here, we determined the effects of GP in a short-term UVB exposure protocol (0 or 5% GP, followed by UVB every other day for 2 weeks) in male and female SKH-1 mice, as well as explored any sex-related differences in UVB carcinogenesis via male SKH-1 mice (0, 3, or 5% GP; UVB twice weekly for 28 weeks). In the short-term study, we found that GP protects against early-stage epithelial hyperplasia and mast cell infiltration in both sexes. In the long term, GP markedly reduced tumor counts and malignant conversion, along with significant decreases in mast cell infiltration, serum IgE and Eotaxin. We also found inhibition of P38 phosphorylation and reduced PCNA, Ki67 and BCL2 levels, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effects of GP inhibits P38, acting as an upstream regulator to inhibit proliferation and reduce tumor cell survival. Together, GP appears to protect against UVB-mediated skin damage and carcinogenesis in SKH-1 mice and should be explored further as a supplement for NMSC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A. Mintie
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (C.A.M.); (A.K.M.); (C.K.S.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Anna K. Musarra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (C.A.M.); (A.K.M.); (C.K.S.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Chandra K. Singh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (C.A.M.); (A.K.M.); (C.K.S.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Mary A. Ndiaye
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (C.A.M.); (A.K.M.); (C.K.S.); (M.A.N.)
| | - Ruth Sullivan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Jens C. Eickhoff
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (C.A.M.); (A.K.M.); (C.K.S.); (M.A.N.)
- William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-608-263-2532
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Bazin M, Purohit NK, Merlin MA, Shah GM. A panel of criteria for comprehensive assessment of severity of ultraviolet B radiation-induced non-melanoma skin cancers in SKH-1 mice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 205:111847. [PMID: 32172138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.111847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The study of causes and cures for ultraviolet B radiation (UVB)-induced non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) has been greatly facilitated by use of the albino SKH-1 hairless mice. These mice develop multiple tumors of different sizes and the severity of cancer is often measured by one or more of the four criteria, namely the prevalence, multiplicity, area and volume of tumors. However, there are inherent limitations of each criterion: the prevalence and number do not account for size differences among tumors, area measurement ignores the tumor height, and volume measurement overcompensates for the height at the cost of planar dimensions. Here, using our dataset from an ongoing NMSC study, we discuss the limitations of these four criteria, and suggest refinements in measuring prevalence. We recommend the use of three more criteria, namely the Knud Thomsen tridimensional surface that apportions optimal weightage to three tumor dimensions, weekly occurrence of new tumors and tumor growth-rate to reveal initiation and growth of tumors in early and late phase of NMSC development, respectively. Together, use of this comprehensive panel of seven criteria can provide an accurate assessment of severity of NMSC and lead to a testable hypothesis whether the experimental manipulation of mice has affected the early initiation or growth phase of NMSC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Bazin
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Nupur K Purohit
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Marine A Merlin
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada
| | - Girish M Shah
- CHU de Quebec-Laval University Research Center, Neuroscience and Cancer Axes, Laboratory for Skin Cancer Research, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Quebec (QC), Canada; Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec (QC), Canada; Université Laval Cancer Research Center, Quebec (QC), Canada.
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PATHBIO: an international training program for precision mouse phenotyping. Mamm Genome 2020; 31:49-53. [PMID: 32088735 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-020-09829-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Design and production of genetically engineered mouse strains by individual research laboratories, research teams, large-scale consortia, and the biopharmaceutical industry have magnified the need for qualified personnel to identify, annotate, and validate (phenotype) these potentially new mouse models of human disease. The PATHBIO project has been recently established and funded by the European Union's ERASMUS+ Knowledge Alliance program to address the current shortfall in formally trained personnel. A series of teaching workshops will be given by experts on anatomy, histology, embryology, imaging, and comparative pathology to increase the availability of individuals with formal training to contribute to this important niche of Europe's biomedical research enterprise. These didactic and hands-on workshops are organized into three modules: (1) embryology, anatomy, histology, and the anatomical basis of imaging, (2) image-based phenotyping, and (3) pathology. The workshops are open to all levels of participants from recent graduates to Ph.D., M.D., and veterinary scientists. Participation is available on a competitive basis at no cost for attending. The first series of Workshop Modules was held in 2019 and these will continue for the next 2 years.
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