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Fierro C, Gatti V, La Banca V, De Domenico S, Scalera S, Corleone G, Fanciulli M, De Nicola F, Mauriello A, Montanaro M, Calin GA, Melino G, Peschiaroli A. The long non-coding RNA NEAT1 is a ΔNp63 target gene modulating epidermal differentiation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3795. [PMID: 37365156 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ΔNp63 regulates epithelial stem cell function and maintains the integrity of stratified epithelial tissues by acting as transcriptional repressor or activator towards a distinct subset of protein-coding genes and microRNAs. However, our knowledge of the functional link between ∆Np63 transcriptional activity and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression is quite limited. Here, we show that in proliferating human keratinocytes ∆Np63 represses the expression of the lncRNA NEAT1 by recruiting the histone deacetylase HDAC1 to the proximal promoter of NEAT1 genomic locus. Upon induction of differentiation, ∆Np63 down-regulation is associated by a marked increase of NEAT1 RNA levels, resulting in an increased assembly of paraspeckles foci both in vitro and in human skin tissues. RNA-seq analysis associated with global DNA binding profile (ChIRP-seq) revealed that NEAT1 associates with the promoter of key epithelial transcription factors sustaining their expression during epidermal differentiation. These molecular events might explain the inability of NEAT1-depleted keratinocytes to undergo the proper formation of epidermal layers. Collectively, these data uncover the lncRNA NEAT1 as an additional player of the intricate network orchestrating epidermal morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fierro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCSS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 4, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Gatti
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica La Banca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara De Domenico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Corleone
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Montanaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata Oncoscience Research (TOR), University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Peschiaroli
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Functional Characterization of Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Human 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15) under the Control of the aP2 Promoter. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054815. [PMID: 36902243 PMCID: PMC10003068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid lipoxygenases (ALOX) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory, hyperproliferative, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases, but the physiological function of ALOX15 still remains a matter of discussion. To contribute to this discussion, we created transgenic mice (aP2-ALOX15 mice) expressing human ALOX15 under the control of the aP2 (adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 2) promoter, which directs expression of the transgene to mesenchymal cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and whole-genome sequencing indicated transgene insertion into the E1-2 region of chromosome 2. The transgene was highly expressed in adipocytes, bone marrow cells, and peritoneal macrophages, and ex vivo activity assays proved the catalytic activity of the transgenic enzyme. LC-MS/MS-based plasma oxylipidome analyses of the aP2-ALOX15 mice suggested in vivo activity of the transgenic enzyme. The aP2-ALOX15 mice were viable, could reproduce normally, and did not show major phenotypic alterations when compared with wildtype control animals. However, they exhibited gender-specific differences with wildtype controls when their body-weight kinetics were evaluated during adolescence and early adulthood. The aP2-ALOX15 mice characterized here can now be used for gain-of-function studies evaluating the biological role of ALOX15 in adipose tissue and hematopoietic cells.
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Meyer JM, Vávrová K, Radner FPW, Schneider H, Dick A, Mauro TM, Elias PM. ALOX12B and PNPLA1 Have Distinct Roles in Epidermal Lipid Lamellar Organization. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:332-335.e4. [PMID: 36116510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Meyer
- Dermatology Service, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennesse, USA; Department of Dermatology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennesse, USA.
| | - Kateřina Vávrová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Franz P W Radner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Angela Dick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Theodora M Mauro
- Dermatology Branch, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter M Elias
- Dermatology Branch, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Functional Characterization of Novel Bony Fish Lipoxygenase Isoforms and Their Possible Involvement in Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416026. [PMID: 36555666 PMCID: PMC9787790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Eicosanoids and related compounds are pleiotropic lipid mediators, which are biosynthesized in mammals via three distinct metabolic pathways (cyclooxygenase pathway, lipoxygenase pathway, epoxygenase pathway). These mediators have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and drugs interfering with eicosanoid signaling are currently available as antiphlogistics. Eicosanoid biosynthesis has well been explored in mammals including men, but much less detailed information is currently available on eicosanoid biosynthesis in other vertebrates including bony fish. There are a few reports in the literature describing the expression of arachidonic acid lipoxygenases (ALOX isoforms) in several bony fish species but except for two zebrafish ALOX-isoforms (zfALOX1 and zfALOX2) bony fish eicosanoid biosynthesizing enzymes have not been characterized. To fill this gap and to explore the possible roles of ALOX15 orthologs in bony fish inflammation we cloned and expressed putative ALOX15 orthologs from three different bony fish species (N. furzeri, P. nyererei, S. formosus) as recombinant N-terminal his-tag fusion proteins and characterized the corresponding enzymes with respect to their catalytic properties (temperature-dependence, activation energy, pH-dependence, substrate affinity and substrate specificity with different polyenoic fatty acids). Furthermore, we identified the chemical structure of the dominant oxygenation products formed by the recombinant enzymes from different free fatty acids and from more complex lipid substrates. Taken together, our data indicate that functional ALOX isoforms occur in bony fish but that their catalytic properties are different from those of mammalian enzymes. The possible roles of these ALOX-isoforms in bony fish inflammation are discussed.
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Meyer JM, Crumrine D, Schneider H, Dick A, Schmuth M, Gruber R, Radner FPW, Grond S, Wakefield JS, Mauro TM, Elias PM. Unbound Corneocyte Lipid Envelopes in 12R-Lipoxygenase Deficiency Support a Specific Role in Lipid-Protein Cross-Linking. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:921-929. [PMID: 33607042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in arachidonate lipoxygenase 12B (ALOX12B) are an important cause of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI). 12R-lipoxygenase (12R-LOX), the protein product of ALOX12B, has been proposed to covalently bind the corneocyte lipid envelope (CLE) to the proteinaceous corneocyte envelope, thereby providing a scaffold for the assembly of barrier-providing, mature lipid lamellae. To test this hypothesis, an in-depth ultrastructural examination of CLEs was performed in ALOX12B-/- human and Alox12b-/- mouse epidermis, extracting samples with pyridine to distinguish covalently attached CLEs from unbound (ie, noncovalently bound) CLEs. ALOX12B--/- stratum corneum contained abundant pyridine-extractable (ie, unbound) CLEs, compared with normal stratum corneum. These unbound CLEs were associated with defective post-secretory lipid processing, and were specific to 12R-LOX deficiency, because they were not observed with deficiency of the related ARCI-associated proteins, patatin-like phospholipase 1 (Pnpla1) or abhydrolase domain containing 5 (Abhd5). These results suggest that 12R-LOX contributes specifically to CLE-corneocyte envelope cross-linking, which appears to be a prerequisite for post-secretory lipid processing, and provide insights into the pathogenesis of 12R-LOX deficiency in this subtype of ARCI, as well as other conditions that display a defective CLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Meyer
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dermatology Service and UC San Francisco Department of Dermatology, San Francisco, California.
| | - Debra Crumrine
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dermatology Service, San Francisco, California
| | - Holm Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Angela Dick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Franz P W Radner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Susanne Grond
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joan S Wakefield
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dermatology Service and UC San Francisco Department of Dermatology, San Francisco, California
| | - Theodora M Mauro
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dermatology Service and UC San Francisco Department of Dermatology, San Francisco, California
| | - Peter M Elias
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dermatology Service and UC San Francisco Department of Dermatology, San Francisco, California
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