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Zhang Y, Jia X, Tian Q, Yang J, Wang S, Li Y, Shao D, Feng L, Song H. Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dot as a Lubricant Additive in Polar and Non-polar Oils for Superior Tribological Properties via Condensation Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:3589-3600. [PMID: 36848873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped lubricating additives have been proved to be an effective strategy to improve the tribological properties of lubricating oil. However, the traditional preparation methods of nitrogen-doped lubricating additives have the defects including harsh preparation conditions and a time-consuming preparation process. Herein, we report a preparation method of nitrogen-doped carbon dot (NCD) lubricating additives in a short time by one-step aldehyde condensation reaction at room temperature. The small size effect and nitrogen-containing functional groups of NCD lubricating additives provide favorable conditions for their dispersion and low friction in base oil. The tribological properties of NCD lubricating additives in sunflower oil (SFO) and PAO10 were systematically evaluated. The results show that NCD lubricating additives could reduce the average friction coefficient of SFO from 0.15 to 0.06 and PAO10 oil from 0.12 to 0.06, and the wear width is also decreased by 50-60%. In particular, the friction curve is very stable, and the friction coefficient was maintained at about 0.06 even under the working time of 5 h. By analyzing the morphology and chemical properties of the worn surface, the lubrication effect of NCDs is attributed to its small size effect and adsorption, which was easy to enter the friction gap to fill and repair. Furthermore, the doping of nitrogen induces the occurrence of friction chemical reactions, forming a friction film of nitrides and metal oxides at the friction interface, which effectively reduces the friction and wear of the surface. These findings provide a possibility for the convenient and effective preparation of NCD lubricating additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Sizhe Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Dan Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Lei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
| | - Haojie Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, P. R. China
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Modified lanthanide-doped carbon dots as a novel nanochemosensor for efficient detection of water in toluene and its potential application in lubricant base oils. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:97. [PMID: 36806984 PMCID: PMC9938817 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
A fast and efficient method was developed for obtaining europium(III)-doped surface-modified carbon dots with a hydrophobic coating. This surface functionalization improved the dispersibility of the nanoparticles in non-polar media, as well as modified the accessibility of water molecules to the europium ions. These two features allowed studying the application of doped carbon dots as moisture nanochemosensor, demonstrating high stability over time of both the photoluminescent signal intensity and the stability of the dispersions. The developed nanochemosensor was used to determine water in toluene with a detection limit of 8.5 × 10-4 M and a quantification limit of 2.4 × 10-3 M. The proposed system matches and even improves other methodologies for water determination in organic solvents; it has a low detection limit and a fast response time (almost instantaneous) and requires neither expensive material nor trained personnel. The results suggest a promising future for the development of a new sensing phase for moisture determination in lubricant base oil.
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Pacheco ME, Chimeno-Trinchet C, Fernández-González A, Badía-Laíño R. New europium-doped carbon nanoparticles showing long-lifetime photoluminescence: Synthesis, characterization and application to the determination of tetracycline in waters. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 284:121756. [PMID: 36088740 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms originated from the widespread use and ubiquitous presence of such drugs is a major concern in the world. The development of methodologies able to detect such substances at low concentration in real water samples is mandatory to overcome this problem. Europium(III) is known to form complexes with tetracycline (TC) with photoluminescent characteristics useful for TC determination. In the present work, we synthesized for the first time carbon nanoparticles (CN) showing delayed photoluminescence using a Europium(III) doping synthesis. The new material (PCNEu) was characterized both morphologically and spectroscopically, showing an analytical photoluminescent signal in presence of TC, arising from the 5D0→7F2 transition of europium, one hundred times higher than that of the europium salt alone in presence of the antibiotic. This enhancement is a consequence of the amplifying effect exerted by nanoparticle structure itself, leading to an efficient synergistic "antenna effect" in the system PCNEu - TC. The analytical signal is affected both by pH and the nature of the buffer used, and it allows the detection of tetracycline in waters with a limit of detection of 2.18 nM and recoveries between 90 and 110%. The analytical performance of the developed methodology enables having lower limits of detection than other luminescent and chemiluminescent reported methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos (LIDMA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ch Chimeno-Trinchet
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo Av., Julián Clavería 8, 33006-Oviedo, Spain
| | - A Fernández-González
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo Av., Julián Clavería 8, 33006-Oviedo, Spain
| | - R Badía-Laíño
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo Av., Julián Clavería 8, 33006-Oviedo, Spain.
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Development of Doped Carbon Quantum Dot-Based Nanomaterials for Lubricant Additive Applications. LUBRICANTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/lubricants10070144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of advanced lubricants is essential for the pursuit of energy efficiency and sustainable development. In order to improve the properties of lubricating fluids, high-performance lubricating additives are required. In recent research studies, carbon nanomaterials such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene have been examined as lubricating additives to water or oil. Lubricating oils are well known for the presence of additives, especially friction-reducers and anti-wear additives. As part of this work, we have studied the advancement in the research and development of carbon dot (CD)-based lubricant additives by presenting a number of several applications of CD-based additives. We have also highlighted the friction-reducing properties and anti-wear properties of CDs and their lubrication mechanism along with some challenges and future perspectives of CDs as an additive. CDs are carbon nanomaterials that are synthesized from single-atom-thick sheets containing a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups; they have gained increasing attention as friction-reducing and antiwear additives. CDs have gradually been revealed to have exceptional tribological properties, particularly acting as additives to lubricating base oils. In our final section, we discuss the main challenges, future research directions, and a number of suggestions for a complete functionalized or hybrid doped CD-based material.
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He T, Chen N, Fang J, Cai G, Wang J, Chen B, Liang Q. Micro/nano carbon spheres as liquid lubricant additive: Achievements and prospects. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bayat A, Sadjadi S, Arabi H, Bahri-Laleh N. Dual-task composite of halloysite and ionic liquid for the synthesis and hydrogenation of polyalphaolefins. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04743-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Effects of acid-treatment of halloysite on the characteristics and catalytic performance of palladated halloysite in lubricants hydrogenation reaction. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Dual Fluorometric Detection of Fe 3+ and Hg 2+ Ions in an Aqueous Medium Using Carbon Quantum Dots as a "Turn-off" Fluorescence Sensor. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1143-1154. [PMID: 35318547 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02922-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a carbon dots-based fluorescence (FL) sensor that can detect more than one pollutant simultaneously in the same aqueous solution. The carbon dots-based FL sensor has been prepared by employing a facile hydrothermal method using citric acid and ethylenediamine as precursors. The as-synthesized CDs displayed excellent hydrophilicity, good photostability and blue fluorescence under UV light. They have been used as an efficient "turn-off" FL sensor for dual sensing of Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions in an aqueous medium with high sensitivity and selectivity through a static quenching mechanism. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) for Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions was found to be 0.406 µM and 0.934 µM, respectively over the concentration range of 0-50 µM. Therefore, the present work provides an effective strategy to monitor the concentration of Fe3+ and Hg2+ ions simultaneously in an aqueous medium using environment-friendly CDs.
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Wang J, Zhuang W, Yan T, Liang W, Li T, Zhang L, Wei X. Tribological performances of copper perrhenate/graphene nanocomposite as lubricating additive under various temperatures. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Murru C, Badía-Laíño R, Díaz-García ME. Synthesis and Characterization of Green Carbon Dots for Scavenging Radical Oxygen Species in Aqueous and Oil Samples. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111147. [PMID: 33228081 PMCID: PMC7699408 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) due to their unique optical features, chemical stability and low environmental hazard are applied in different fields such as metal ion sensing, photo-catalysis, bio-imaging and tribology, among others. The aims of the present research were to obtain CDs from vegetable wastes (tea and grapes) as carbon sources and to explore their potential properties as radical scavengers. CDs from glutathione/citric acid (GCDs) were synthetized for comparison purposes. The CDs were investigated for their chemical structure, morphology, optical and electronical properties. The antioxidant activity has been explored by DPPH and Folin-Ciocelteau assays in aqueous media. Due to their solubility in oil, the CDs prepared from tea wastes and GCDs were assayed as antioxidants in a mineral oil lubricant by potentiometric determination of the peroxide value. CDs from tea wastes and GCDs exhibited good antioxidant properties both in aqueous and oil media. Possible mechanisms, such as C-addition to double bonds, H-abstraction and SOMO-CDs conduction band interaction, were proposed for the CDs radical scavenging activity. CDs from natural sources open new application pathways as antioxidant green additives.
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