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Peng J, Huang Y, Fu R, Lu J, Wang W, Zhu W, Yu Y, Guo F, Mai H. Microscopic dissolution process of cellulose in alkaline aqueous solvents and its application in CNFs extraction - Investigating temperature as a variable. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 322:121361. [PMID: 37839827 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The target of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of the micro-dissolution process of cellulose in alkaline aqueous solutions and to develop a novel method for extracting cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Herein, the dissolution process of cellulose in alkaline aqueous solutions will be controlled by varying the temperature, and the undissolved cellulose will be analyzed to reveal the microscopic dissolution process of cellulose, and a novel process for extracting cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) will be developed based on the findings. The crystalline structure of cellulose was gradually disrupted as the dissolution progressed, and the crystal form of cellulose changed gradually from cellulose I to cellulose II during the dissolution process, while all undissolved cellulose crystals remained as cellulose I. Cellulose, after its structure is disrupted during the dissolution process, will inevitably decompose into CNFs, and the microscopic dissolution process of cellulose follows a "top-down" dissolution sequence. The CNFs extraction method developed in this study can extract CNFs with high yield (>60 %) in a stable manner, as well as narrow particle size distribution, high crystallinity (>77 %), and good thermal stability. This study enhances the comprehension of the dissolution process of cellulose and paves a possible way for industrialization of CNFs production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Jieyang Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Jieyang 515200, China
| | - Yihui Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rongwei Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinqing Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weiquan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxuan Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fan Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyan Mai
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Wang X, Liu Z, Wang B, Cai Y, Song Q. An overview on state-of-art of micromixer designs, characteristics and applications. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1279:341685. [PMID: 37827660 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Micromixers are characterized based on characteristics such as excellent mixing efficiency, low reagent cost and flexible controllability compared with conventional reactors in terms of macro size. A variety of designs and applications of micromixers have been proposed. The focus of current reviews is restricted to micromixer structures. Each type of micromixer has characteristics corresponding to its structure, which determines the suitable application areas. This paper provides an overview connecting micromixer designs and their applications. First, the typical designs and mixing mechanisms of both passive and active micromixers are summarized. Then, application cases of micromixers, including chemical, biological and medical applications, are presented. The characteristics, including the advantages and restrictions of different micromixers, are discussed. Finally, the future perspective of micromixer design is proposed. It is predictable that micromixers will have widespread applications by integrating two or more different mixing methods together. This review would be beneficial to guide the design of micromixers applied for specific purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
| | - Zhanqiang Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China.
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
| | - Yukui Cai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Song
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
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Wang X, Liu Z, Cai Y, Song Q, Wang B. Synthesis of Cu 2O Nanoparticles by Ellipse Curve Micromixer. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:29758-29769. [PMID: 37599966 PMCID: PMC10433503 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Micromixers offer the advantage of rapid and homogeneous mixing compared with conventional macroscale reaction systems, and thus they show great potential for the synthesis of nanoparticles. An ellipse curve serpentine micromixer, which had been proposed in our prior works was employed to synthesize Cu2O nanoparticles. Cu2O are excellent photocatalysts that have been widely utilized in the degradation of organic dyes. Owing to the excellent mixing performance, the reduction of Cu(OH)2 in micromixing synthesis was more sufficient than that in conventional stirring synthesis. The Cu2O nanoparticles synthesized by micromixing had smaller size and narrower size distribution compared with those synthesized by stirring in a beaker. The smallest Cu2O nanoparticles were obtained by micromixing with Re = 100 at T = 60 °C, while the most uniform Cu2O nanoparticles were obtained at T = 80 °C owing to Ostwald ripening. Through the photocatalytic degradation experiments of Rhodamine B, the Cu2O nanoparticles synthesized by micromixing were found to have better photocatalysis than those synthesized by stirring. The research results showed that the micromixing synthesis was a more suitable choice to produce Cu2O nanoparticles with excellent photocatalysis. The ellipse curve micromixer with a simple structure and high mixing performance can be applied in the synthesis of various nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
- Key
Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of
MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical
Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
| | - Zhanqiang Liu
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
- Key
Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of
MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical
Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
| | - Yukui Cai
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
- Key
Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of
MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical
Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Song
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
- Key
Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of
MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical
Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
- Key
Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of
MOE/Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical
Engineering Education, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
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Huang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yang L. A Facile One-Pot Preparation and Properties of Nanocellulose-Reinforced Ionic Conductive Hydrogels. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031301. [PMID: 36770969 PMCID: PMC9919830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose-reinforced ionic conductive hydrogels were prepared using cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as raw materials, and the hydrogels were prepared in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/water binary solvent by a one-pot method. The prepared hydrogels were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, and sensing properties of the hydrogels were studied by means of a universal material testing machine and LCR digital bridge. The results show that the ionic conductive hydrogel exhibits high stretchability (elongation at break, 206%) and firmness (up to 335 KPa). The tensile fracture test shows that the hydrogel has good properties in terms of tensile strength, toughness, and elasticity. The hydrogel as a conductor medium is assembled into a self-powered strain sensor and the open-circuit voltage can reach 0.830 V. It shows good sensitivity in the bend sensing testing, indicating that the hydrogel has good sensing performance. The water retention and anti-freezing performance experiments show that the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide solvents can effectively improve the anti-freezing and water retention properties of hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Huang
- College of Textile & Clothing, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Yaning Wang
- College of Textile & Clothing, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Textile & Clothing, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Lianhe Yang
- School of Textile & Science Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
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