A novel whole blood based method for lymphocyte transformation test in drug allergies

Lymphocyte Transformation Test Based on Lymphocyte Changes Observed by a Hematology Analyzer before and after Phytohemagglutinin Stimulation

Objective. The lymphocyte transformation test is a classical test for the detection of cellular immune function and is based on subjective judgment. In this study, we have established an objective novel lymphocyte transformation test using the hematology analyzer to observe lymphocyte transformation. Methods. Whole blood cells were cultured using a whole blood method with a lymphocyte culture medium; phytohemagglutinin was used to stimulate the experimental samples, and control was set up at the same time. After the whole blood cells were cultured, the number of lymphocytes in the two groups was observed using a hematology analyzer, and the conversion rate was calculated. The new method was used to observe differences in lymphocyte conversion in the peripheral blood of patients with hematopathy and healthy persons. Results. There were significant differences between the stimulated peripheral blood group and the blank group. The transformation rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with hematopathy was significantly lower than that in healthy persons; the difference was statistically significant ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. Lymphocyte transformation can be observed using a hematology analyzer. The lymphocyte transformation test that is based on the determination of lymphocyte count by a hematology analyzer has important clinical value.

Water-Based Synthesis of Copper Chalcogenide Structures and Their Photodynamic Immunomodulatory Activities on Mammalian Macrophages

Generation of novel and versatile immunomodulatory agents that could suppress excessive inflammation has been crucial to fight against chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Immunomodulatory agents regulate the function of immune system cells to manage their activities. Current therapy regimens for the inflammatory and autoimmune disorders rely on immunomodulatory drug molecules but they are also associated with unwanted and severe side effects. In order to prevent the side effects associated with drug molecules, the field should generate novel immunomodulatory drug candidates and further test them. Moreover, the generation of photodynamic immunomodulatory molecules would also decrease possible side effects. Photodynamic activation enables specific and localized activation of the active ingredients upon exposure to a certain wavelength of light. In our study, we generated copper-based chalcogenide structures in gel and nanoparticle form by using a water-based method so that they are more biocompatible.After their chemical characterization, they were tested on mammalian macrophages in vitro. Our results suggest that these molecules were anti-inflammatory in dark conditions and their anti-inflammatory potentials significantly increased upon xenon light treatment. We are presenting novel photodynamic immunomodulatory agents that can be used to suppress excessive inflammation in disease conditions that have been associated with excessive inflammation.