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Gupta S, Gauhar M, Bubber P, Ray P. Phylogenetic analysis of VP7 and VP4 genes of the most predominant human group A rotavirus G12 identified in children with acute gastroenteritis in Himachal Pradesh, India during 2013-2016. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6200-6209. [PMID: 34138482 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
G12 strains are now considered to be the sixth most prevalent human rotaviruses globally. India has introduced rotavirus vaccine Rotavac® into the national immunization program in 2016 and Himachal Pradesh (HP) is the first state to launch it. During epidemiological rotavirus surveillance in HP, predominance of G12 rotaviruses was observed. This study investigated the genetic variability and evolution of HP G12 strains (n = 15) associated with P-genotypes P[6], P[4], and P[8] identified between 2013 and 2016. Phylogenetic analysis of VP7 gene revealed that all characterized G12 strains clustered in lineage-III and diversified into three subclusters indicating that these strains may have originated from three different ancestral G12 strains. The comparative sequence analysis of HP strains with Rotavac® and Rotarix® vaccine strains revealed various amino acid substitutions in epitope regions of VP7 and VP4 proteins especially at the antibody neutralization sites. Only 12/29 VP7 epitope residues and 2/25 VP4 epitope residues were found to be conserved between HP rotavirus strains and vaccine strains. Both long and short electropherotypes were observed in G12P[4] strains, while a single long electropherotype was observed in G12P[6] strains. Children of ≤11 months were significantly infected with G12 rotaviruses. The frequency of vomiting episodes (≥5/day) was significantly higher in children infected with G12 rotavirus strains as compared to non-G12 rotaviruses (p = 0.0405). Our study provides the comprehensive data on clinical characteristics and evolutionary pattern of the G12 rotavirus, the most prevalent strain in HP and emphasizes the need to monitor these strains for inclusion in future vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mariyam Gauhar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Parvesh Bubber
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Sciences, IGNOU, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratima Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Zeng Y, Li T, Zhao B, Lai F, Tang X, Qiao Y, Chen W, Yu F, Zhang S, Wang Y, Ge S, Xu H, Xia N. Molecular epidemiology of group A rotavirus in outpatient diarrhea infants and children in Chongqing, China, 2011-2015. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1788-1796. [PMID: 31241179 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human group A rotavirus (RVA) is the leading cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotype distribution of RVA in the Midwest of China. Sentinel-based surveillance of acute diarrhea was conducted at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2011 to 2015. RVA was tested by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The partial VP4 genes and VP7 genes of rotavirus were amplified and sequenced, and genotyping and phylogenetic analyses were performed. Among the 2236 stool specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis, 681 (30.46%) were positive for RVA. The majority of children (89.28%) who tested positive for RVA were children aged ≤2 years. The seasonal peak of RVA was in the winter. As for genotype, four strain combinations, G9P[8], G3P[8], G1P[8], and G2P[4] contributed to 75.62% (515/681) of the RVA-associated diarrhea cases. After a marked increase in G9P[8] (30.77%) in 2013, G9P[8] became the predominant genotype in 2014 and 2015, whilst the prevalence of G1P[8] was decreased to 2.72% in 2015. Unusual G-P combinations (eg, G1P[4], G9P[4], G4P[6], G3P[4], G2P[8]) were also detected sporadically over the study period. Phylogenetic tree analysis results showed that the VP7 sequences of G9 strains were clustered into two main lineages, and 77.34% of them were clustered into lineage VI, with the highest nucleotide similarity to the strain JS12-17(China). VP4 gene sequences of P[8] strains were almost P[8]-lineage 3. Substantial temporal variation in the circulation of various genotypes of rotavirus in Chongqing was observed during 2011-2015, and highlights the need for continuous surveillance of RVA infection for better understanding and control of RVA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingdong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Biyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fangfang Lai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingqin Qiao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanbin Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Strait Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedicine and Pharmaceutics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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