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Follett SE, Murray SA, Ingersoll AD, Reilly TM, Lehmann TE. Structural changes of Zn(II)bleomycin complexes when bound to DNA hairpins containing the 5'-GT-3' and 5'-GC-3' binding sites studied through NMR spectroscopy. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2018; 4. [PMID: 30464999 DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry4010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycins are antitumor antibiotics that can chelate a metal center and cause site-specific DNA cleavage at 5'-Gpyrimidine-3' regions of DNA. These antibiotics are successful in the treatment of various cancers, but are known to cause pulmonary fibrosis to patients under bleomycin regimes. Substantial research has resulted in the development of over 300 bleomycin analogs, aiming to improve the therapeutic index of the drug. Previous studies have proposed that the lung toxicity caused by bleomycin is related to the C-terminal regions of these drugs, which have been shown to closely interact with DNA in metal-bleomycin-DNA complexes. Some of the research studying metallo-bleomycin-DNA interactions have suggested three different binding modes of the metal form of the drug to DNA, including total and/or partial intercalation, and minor groove binding. However, there is still lack of consensus regarding this matter, and solid conclusions on the subject have not yet been established. Previously we investigated the diverse levels of disruption caused to DNA hairpins containing 5'-GC-3' and 5'-GT-3' binding sites, which are consequence of the binding of bleomycins with different C-termini. The results of these investigation indicate that both the DNA-binding site and the bleomycin C-termini have an impact on the final conformations of drug and target. The present study focuses on the structural alterations exhibited by Zn(II)bleomycin-A2, -B2, -A5 and Zn(II)peplomycin upon binding to DNA hairpins containing 5'-GC-3' and 5'-GT-3' binding sites. Evidence that each Zn(II)bleomycin is structurally affected depending on both its C-terminus and the DNA-binding site present in the hairpin is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Follett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United Sates of America
| | - Sally A Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United Sates of America
| | - Azure D Ingersoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United Sates of America
| | - Teresa M Reilly
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United Sates of America
| | - Teresa E Lehmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United Sates of America
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Follett SE, Ingersoll AD, Murray SA, Reilly TM, Lehmann TE. Interaction of Zn(II)bleomycin-A 2 and Zn(II)peplomycin with a DNA hairpin containing the 5'-GT-3' binding site in comparison with the 5'-GC-3' binding site studied by NMR spectroscopy. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:1039-1054. [PMID: 28748309 PMCID: PMC5985968 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycins are a group of glycopeptide antibiotics synthesized by Streptomyces verticillus that are widely used for the treatment of various neoplastic diseases. These antibiotics have the ability to chelate a metal center, mainly Fe(II), and cause site-specific DNA cleavage. Bleomycins are differentiated by their C-terminal regions. Although this antibiotic family is a successful course of treatment for some types of cancers, it is known to cause pulmonary fibrosis. Previous studies have identified that bleomycin-related pulmonary toxicity is linked to the C-terminal region of these drugs. This region has been shown to closely interact with DNA. We examined the binding of Zn(II)peplomycin and Zn(II)bleomycin-A2 to a DNA hairpin of sequence 5'-CCAGTATTTTTACTGG-3', containing the binding site 5'-GT-3', and compared the results with those obtained from our studies of the same MBLMs bound to a DNA hairpin containing the binding site 5'-GC-3'. We provide evidence that the DNA base sequence has a strong impact in the final structure of the drug-target complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Follett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Azure D Ingersoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Sally A Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Teresa M Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Teresa E Lehmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
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Lehmann TE, Murray SA, Ingersoll AD, Reilly TM, Follett SE, Macartney KE, Harpster MH. NMR study of the effects of some bleomycin C-termini on the structure of a DNA hairpin with the 5'-GC-3' binding site. J Biol Inorg Chem 2016; 22:121-136. [PMID: 27858165 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-016-1413-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The antibiotics known as bleomycins constitute a family of natural products clinically employed for the treatment of a wide spectrum of cancers. The drug acts as an antitumor agent by virtue of the ability of a metal complex of the antibiotic to cleave DNA. Bleomycins are differentiated by their C-terminal regions. Previous structural studies involving metal-bleomycin-DNA triads have allowed the identification of the bithiazole-(C-terminus substituent) segment in this molecule as the one that most closely interacts with DNA. Three different modes of binding of metallo-bleomycins to DNA (partial or total intercalation of the bithiazole unit between DNA bases, or binding to the minor groove) have been proposed in the literature. The therapeutic use of bleomycin is frequently associated with the development of pulmonary fibrosis. The severity of this side effect has been attributed to the C-terminus of the antibiotic by some researchers. The degree of pulmonary toxicity of bleomycin-A2 and -A5, were found to be higher than those of bleomycin-B2 and peplomycin. Since the introduction of Blenoxane to clinical medicine in 1972, attempts have been made at modifying the basic bleomycin structure at the C-terminus to improve its therapeutic index. However, the pharmacological and toxicological importance of particular C-termini on bleomycin remains unclear. The present study was designed to determine the effect of Zn(II)bleomycin-A2, -A5, -B2, and Zn(II)peplomycin on the structure of a DNA hairpin containing the 5'-GC-3' binding site. We provide evidence that different Zn(II)bleomycins affect the structure of the tested DNA segment in different fashions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa E Lehmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
| | - Sally A Murray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Azure D Ingersoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Teresa M Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Shelby E Follett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Kevin E Macartney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Mark H Harpster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
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Lehmann T, Topchiy E. Contributions of NMR to the understanding of the coordination chemistry and DNA interactions of metallo-bleomycins. Molecules 2013; 18:9253-77. [PMID: 23917114 PMCID: PMC6270211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18089253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bleomycins are a family of glycopeptide antibiotics that have the ability to bind and degrade DNA when bound to key metal ions, which is believed to be responsible for their antitumor activity. Knowledge of the structures of metallo-bleomycins is vital to further characterize their mechanism of action. To this end, numerous structural studies on metallo-bleomycins have been conducted. NMR spectroscopy has had a key role in most of these studies, and has led to very important findings involving the coordination chemistry of metallo-bleomycins, and the details of many metallo-bleomycin-DNA spatial correlations for this important drug. This paper reviews the most important contributions of NMR to the bleomycin field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Lehmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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