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Wang N, Ali A, Liu Z, Chi H, Lv Z, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Hao H, Zhang Y, Rahman FU. Monofunctional dimetallic Ru(η6-arene) complexes inhibit NOTCH1 signaling pathway and synergistically enhance anticancer effect in combination with cisplatin or vitamin C. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115536. [PMID: 37295260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ONS donor ligands L1-L4 were utilized in the preparation of monofunctional dimetallic Ru(η6-arene) complexes (C1-C4). These ONS donor ligand based novel tricoordinated Ru(II) complexes bearing η6-arene co-ligand were prepared for the first time. The current methodology resulted in excellent isolated yields and these complexes were characterized in detail by different spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques. The structures of C1-C2 and C4 were characterized in solid state by single crystal X-ray analysis. The in vitro anticancer analyses showed these novel complexes suppressed the growth of breast (MCF-7), liver (HepG2) and lung (A549) cancer cells. C2 suppressed the growth of these cells in dose-dependent manner revealed form the MTT and crystal violet cell viability assays. Moreover, C2 was observed the most potent complex that was used further in detailed mechanistic analyses in cancer cells. C2 showed good cytotoxic activity at 10 μM dose level as compared to cisplatin or oxaliplatin in these cancer cells. We observed morphological changes in cancer cells upon treatment with C2. Moreover, C2 suppressed the invasion and migration ability of cancer cells. C2 induced cellular senescence to retard cell growth and suppressed the formation of cancer stem cells. Importantly, C2 showed synergistic anticancer effect in combination with cisplatin and Vitamin C to further inhibit cell growth which suggested the potential role of C2 in cancer therapy. Mechanistically, C2 inhibited NOTCH1 dependent signaling pathway to suppress cancer cell invasion, migration and cancer stem cells formation. Thus, these data suggested potential role of C2 in cancer therapy by targeting NOTCH1-dependent signaling to suppress tumorigenesis. The results obtained in this study for these novel monofunctional dimetallic Ru(η6-arene) complexes showed their high anticancer potency and this study will pave to further cytotoxicity exploration on this class of complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Amjad Ali
- Institute of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongwei Liu
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqin Chi
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Lv
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Zhang
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Hao
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China; School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China; Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Faiz-Ur Rahman
- Inner Mongolia University Research Center for Glycochemistry of Characteristic Medicinal Resources, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Maikoo S, Xulu B, Mambanda A, Mkhwanazi N, Davison C, de la Mare J, Booysen IN. Biomolecular Interactions of Cytotoxic Ruthenium Compounds with Thiosemicarbazone or Benzothiazole Schiff Base Chelates. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200444. [PMID: 36041073 PMCID: PMC9826503 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein we illustrate the formation and characterization of new paramagnetic ruthenium compounds, trans-P-[RuCl(PPh3 )2 (pmt)]Cl (1) (Hpmt=1-((pyridin-2-yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide), trans-P-[RuCl(PPh3 )2 (tmc)]Cl (2) (Htmc=1-((thiophen-2-yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide) and a diamagnetic ruthenium complex, cis-Cl, trans-P-[RuCl2 (PPh3 )2 (btm)] (3) (btm=2-((5-hydroxypentylimino)methyl)benzothiazole). Agarose gel electrophoresis experiments of the metal compounds illustrated dose-dependent binding to gDNA by 1-3, while methylene blue competition assays suggested that 1 and 2 are also DNA intercalators. Assessment of the effects of the compounds on topoisomerase function indicated that 1-3 are capable of inhibiting topoisomerase I activity in terms of the ability to nick supercoiled plasmid DNA. The cytotoxic activities of the metal complexes were determined against a range of cancer cell lines versus a non-tumorigenic control cell line, and the complexes were, in general, more cytotoxic towards the cancer cells, displaying IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Time-dependent stability studies showed that in the presence of strong nucleophilic species (such as DMSO), the chloride co-ligands of 1-3 are rapidly substituted by the former as proven by the suppression of the substitution reactions in the presence of an excess amount of chloride ions. The metal complexes are significantly stable in both DCM and an aqueous phosphate buffer containing 2 % DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Maikoo
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Bheki Xulu
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Allen Mambanda
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
| | - Ntando Mkhwanazi
- Centre for Chemico and Biomedicinal ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyFaculty of ScienceRhodes UniversityPO Box 94Grahamstown6140South Africa
| | - Candace Davison
- Centre for Chemico and Biomedicinal ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyFaculty of ScienceRhodes UniversityPO Box 94Grahamstown6140South Africa
| | - Jo‐Anne de la Mare
- Centre for Chemico and Biomedicinal ResearchDepartment of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyFaculty of ScienceRhodes UniversityPO Box 94Grahamstown6140South Africa
| | - Irvin Noel Booysen
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburgSouth Africa
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3
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Ferraro MG, Piccolo M, Misso G, Santamaria R, Irace C. Bioactivity and Development of Small Non-Platinum Metal-Based Chemotherapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050954. [PMID: 35631543 PMCID: PMC9147010 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Countless expectations converge in the multidisciplinary endeavour for the search and development of effective and safe drugs in fighting cancer. Although they still embody a minority of the pharmacological agents currently in clinical use, metal-based complexes have great yet unexplored potential, which probably hides forthcoming anticancer drugs. Following the historical success of cisplatin and congeners, but also taking advantage of conventional chemotherapy limitations that emerged with applications in the clinic, the design and development of non-platinum metal-based chemotherapeutics, either as drugs or prodrugs, represents a rapidly evolving field wherein candidate compounds can be fine-tuned to access interactions with druggable biological targets. Moving in this direction, over the last few decades platinum family metals, e.g., ruthenium and palladium, have been largely proposed. Indeed, transition metals and molecular platforms where they originate are endowed with unique chemical and biological features based on, but not limited to, redox activity and coordination geometries, as well as ligand selection (including their inherent reactivity and bioactivity). Herein, current applications and progress in metal-based chemoth are reviewed. Converging on the recent literature, new attractive chemotherapeutics based on transition metals other than platinum—and their bioactivity and mechanisms of action—are examined and discussed. A special focus is committed to anticancer agents based on ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, and iridium, but also to gold derivatives, for which more experimental data are nowadays available. Next to platinum-based agents, ruthenium-based candidate drugs were the first to reach the stage of clinical evaluation in humans, opening new scenarios for the development of alternative chemotherapeutic options to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Ferraro
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Marialuisa Piccolo
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Gabriella Misso
- Department of Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.I.)
| | - Rita Santamaria
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Carlo Irace
- BioChemLab, Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.G.F.); (M.P.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (C.I.)
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4
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Banerjee S, Banerjee S. Metal-Based Complexes as Potential Anti-cancer Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:2684-2707. [PMID: 35362388 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220331085144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Metal based therapy is no new in biomedical research. In early days the biggest limitation was the inequality among therapeutical and toxicological dosages. Ever since, Barnett Rosenberg discovered cisplatin, a new era has begun to treat cancer with metal complexes. Platinum complexes such as oxaliplatin, cisplatin, and carboplatin, seem to be the foundation of metal/s-based components to challenge malignancies. With an advancement in the biomolemoecular mechanism, researchers have started developing non-classical platinum-based complexes, where a different mechanistic approach of the complexes is observed towards the biomolecular target. Till date, larger number of metal/s-based complexes was synthesized by overhauling the present structures chemically by substituting the ligand or preparing the whole novel component with improved cytotoxic and safety profiles. Howsoever, due to elevated accentuation upon the therapeutic importance of metal/s-based components, a couple of those agents are at present on clinical trials and several other are in anticipating regulatory endorsement to enter the trial. This literature highlights the detailed heterometallic multinuclear components, primarily focusing on platinum, ruthenium, gold and remarks on possible stability, synergism, mechanistic studies and structure activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Ashram More, G.T. Road, Asansol-713301, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhasis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Ashram More, G.T. Road, Asansol-713301, West Bengal, India
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5
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Design concepts of half-sandwich organoruthenium anticancer agents based on bidentate bioactive ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Lenis-Rojas OA, Roma-Rodrigues C, Fernandes AR, Carvalho A, Cordeiro S, Guerra-Varela J, Sánchez L, Vázquez-García D, López-Torres M, Fernández A, Fernández JJ. Evaluation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of Ruthenium Polypyridyl Compounds against Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168916. [PMID: 34445620 PMCID: PMC8396206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical success of cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin has sparked the interest of medicinal inorganic chemistry to synthesize and study compounds with non-platinum metal centers. Despite Ru(II)-polypyridyl complexes being widely studied and well established for their antitumor properties, there are not enough in vivo studies to establish the potentiality of this type of compound. Therefore, we report to the best of our knowledge the first in vivo study of Ru(II)-polypyridyl complexes against breast cancer with promising results. In order to conduct our study, we used MCF7 zebrafish xenografts and ruthenium complexes [Ru(bipy)2(C12H8N6-N,N)][CF3SO3]2Ru1 and [{Ru(bipy)2}2(μ-C12H8N6-N,N)][CF3SO3]4Ru2, which were recently developed by our group. Ru1 and Ru2 reduced the tumor size by an average of 30% without causing significant signs of lethality when administered at low doses of 1.25 mg·L-1. Moreover, the in vitro selectivity results were confirmed in vivo against MCF7 breast cancer cells. Surprisingly, this work suggests that both the mono- and the dinuclear Ru(II)-polypyridyl compounds have in vivo potential against breast cancer, since there were no significant differences between both treatments, highlighting Ru1 and Ru2 as promising chemotherapy agents in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A. Lenis-Rojas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB, Av. da República, EAN, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Roma-Rodrigues
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (A.C.); (S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (A.C.); (S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.R.F.); (J.J.F.)
| | - Andreia Carvalho
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (A.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Sandra Cordeiro
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (C.R.-R.); (A.C.); (S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Jorge Guerra-Varela
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (J.G.-V.); (L.S.)
| | - Laura Sánchez
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; (J.G.-V.); (L.S.)
- Preclinical Animal Models Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Digna Vázquez-García
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (D.V.-G.); (M.L.-T.); (A.F.)
| | - Margarita López-Torres
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (D.V.-G.); (M.L.-T.); (A.F.)
| | - Alberto Fernández
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (D.V.-G.); (M.L.-T.); (A.F.)
| | - Jesús J. Fernández
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (D.V.-G.); (M.L.-T.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (A.R.F.); (J.J.F.)
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Steel TR, Walsh F, Wieczorek-Błauż A, Hanif M, Hartinger CG. Monodentately-coordinated bioactive moieties in multimodal half-sandwich organoruthenium anticancer agents. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Nayeem N, Contel M. Exploring the Potential of Metallodrugs as Chemotherapeutics for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Chemistry 2021; 27:8891-8917. [PMID: 33857345 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on studies of coordination and organometallic compounds as potential chemotherapeutics against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) which has one of the poorest prognoses and worst survival rates from all breast cancer types. At present, chemotherapy is still the standard of care for TNBC since only one type of targeted therapy has been recently developed. References for metal-based compounds studied in TNBC cell lines will be listed, and those of metal-specific reviews, but a detailed overview will also be provided on compounds studied in vivo (mostly in mice models) and those compounds for which some preliminary mechanistic data was obtained (in TNBC cell lines and tumors) and/or for which bioactive ligands have been used. The main goal of this review is to highlight the most promising metal-based compounds with potential as chemotherapeutic agents in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Nayeem
- Brooklyn College Cancer Center BCCC-CURE, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 11006, USA
| | - Maria Contel
- Brooklyn College Cancer Center BCCC-CURE, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA.,Biology PhD Program, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 11006, USA.,Chemistry and Biochemistry PhD Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York, 11006, USA.,University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96813, USA
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Yusoh NA, Ahmad H, Gill MR. Combining PARP Inhibition with Platinum, Ruthenium or Gold Complexes for Cancer Therapy. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2121-2135. [PMID: 32812709 PMCID: PMC7754470 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Platinum drugs are heavily used first-line chemotherapeutic agents for many solid tumours and have stimulated substantial interest in the biological activity of DNA-binding metal complexes. These complexes generate DNA lesions which trigger the activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that are essential to maintain genomic integrity. Cancer cells exploit this intrinsic DNA repair network to counteract many types of chemotherapies. Now, advances in the molecular biology of cancer has paved the way for the combination of DDR inhibitors such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) and agents that induce high levels of DNA replication stress or single-strand break damage for synergistic cancer cell killing. In this review, we summarise early-stage, preclinical and clinical findings exploring platinum and emerging ruthenium anti-cancer complexes alongside PARPi in combination therapy for cancer and also describe emerging work on the ability of ruthenium and gold complexes to directly inhibit PARP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aininie Yusoh
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdang, SelangorMalaysia
| | - Haslina Ahmad
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdang, SelangorMalaysia
- Integrated Chemical BiophysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPMSerdang, SelangorMalaysia
| | - Martin R. Gill
- Department of ChemistrySwansea UniversitySwanseaWales (UK
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Pavlović M, Tadić A, Gligorijević N, Poljarević J, Petrović T, Dojčinović B, Savić A, Radulović S, Grgurić-Šipka S, Aranđelović S. Synthesis, chemical characterization, PARP inhibition, DNA binding and cellular uptake of novel ruthenium(II)-arene complexes bearing benzamide derivatives in human breast cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 210:111155. [PMID: 32768729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) showed remarkable clinical efficacy in BRCA-mutated tumors. Based on the rational drug design, derivatives of PARP inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), 2-amino-4-methylbenzamide (L1) and 3-amino-N-methylbenzamide (L2), were coordinated to the ruthenium(II) ion, to form potential drugs affecting DNA and inhibiting PARP enzyme. The four conjugated complexes of formula: C1 [(ƞ6-toluene)Ru(L1)Cl]PF6, C2 [(ƞ6-p-cymene)Ru(L1)Cl]PF6, C3 [(ƞ6-toluene)Ru(L2)Cl2] and C4 [(ƞ6-p-cymene)Ru(L2)Cl2], have been synthesized and characterized. Colorimetric 3-(4.5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed the highest antiproliferative activity of C1 in HCC1937, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Efficiency of inhibition of PARP-1 enzymatic activity in vitro decreased in order: C2 > C4 > 3-AB>C1 > C3. ICP-MS study of intracellular accumulation and distribution in BRCA1-mutated HCC1937 revealed that C1-C4 entered cells within 24 h. The complex C1 showed the highest intracellular accumulation, nuclear-targeting properties, and exhibited the highest DNA binding (39.2 ± 0.6 pg of Ru per μg of DNA) that resulted in the cell cycle arrest in the S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Pavlović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Tadić
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevenka Gligorijević
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Poljarević
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Tamara Petrović
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Dojčinović
- Centre of Chemistry Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Savić
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Siniša Radulović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Grgurić-Šipka
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sandra Aranđelović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Pasterova 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Rationally Designed Ruthenium Complexes for Breast Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020265. [PMID: 31936496 PMCID: PMC7024301 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the anticancer potential of ruthenium-based complexes, several species were reported as promising candidates for the treatment of breast cancer, which accounts for the greatest number of new cases in women every year worldwide. Among these ruthenium complexes, species containing bioactive ligand(s) have attracted increasing attention due to their potential multitargeting properties, leading to anticancer drug candidates with a broader range of cellular targets/modes of action. This review of the literature aims at providing an overview of the rationally designed ruthenium-based complexes that have been reported to date for which ligands were carefully selected for the treatment of hormone receptor positive breast cancers (estrogen receptor (ER+) or progesterone receptor (PR+)). In addition, this brief survey highlights some of the most successful examples of ruthenium complexes reported for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive type of cancer, regardless of if their ligands are known to have the ability to achieve a specific biological function.
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Welsh A, Rylands LI, Arion VB, Prince S, Smith GS. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of benzimidazole-based, trinuclear neutral cyclometallated and cationic, N^N-chelated ruthenium(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1143-1156. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03902c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-phenyl and 2-pyridyl tris-benzimidazole ligands was reacted with the [Ru(p-cymene)Cl2]2 dimer to yield the corresponding neutral cyclometallated and cationic trinuclear organoruthenium(ii) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athi Welsh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cape Town
- Cape Town
- South Africa
| | - Laa-iqa Rylands
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cape Town
- Cape Town
- South Africa
| | - Vladimir B. Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna
- 1090 Vienna
- Austria
| | - Sharon Prince
- Department of Human Biology
- University of Cape Town
- Faculty of Health Science
- South Africa
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cape Town
- Cape Town
- South Africa
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14
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Sheng Y, Hou Z, Cui S, Cao K, Yuan S, Sun M, Kljun J, Huang G, Turel I, Liu Y. Covalent versus Noncovalent Binding of Ruthenium η 6 -p-Cymene Complexes to Zinc-Finger Protein NCp7. Chemistry 2019; 25:12789-12794. [PMID: 31385356 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-arene complexes are a unique class of organometallic compounds that have been shown to have prominent therapeutic potencies. Here, we have investigated the interactions of Ru-cymene complexes with a zinc-finger protein NCp7, aiming to understand the effects of various ligands on the reaction. Five different binding modes were observed on selected Ru-complexes. Ru-cymene complex can bind to proteins through either noncovalent binding alone or through a combination of covalent and noncovalent binding modes. Moreover, the noncovalent interaction can promote the coordination of RuII to NCp7, resulting synergistic effects of the different ligands. The binding of Ru(Cym) complexes leads to dysfunction of NCp7 through zinc-ejection and structural perturbation. These results indicate that the reactivity of Ru-complexes can be modulated by ligands through different approaches, which could be closely correlated to their different therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Zhuanghao Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Shiyong Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Kaiming Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Siming Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Mei Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Jakob Kljun
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Guangming Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Yangzhong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P.R. China
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15
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Organometallic Compounds and Metal Complexes in Current and Future Treatments of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer-a Critical Review. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090398. [PMID: 31443436 PMCID: PMC6770552 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the clinical use of organometallic compounds and metal complexes for therapeutic purposes including treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Their action is based on the inhibition of the inflow of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the elimination of free radicals or the modulation of intestinal microbiota. In addition, these compounds are intended for use in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) which is often a consequence of IBD. The aim of this study is to critically discuss recent findings on the use of organometallic compounds and metal complexes in the treatment of IBD and CRC and suggest future trends in drug design.
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16
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Anticancer Function and ROS-Mediated Multi-Targeting Anticancer Mechanisms of Copper (II) 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde Complexes. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142544. [PMID: 31336900 PMCID: PMC6680819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-targeting of oncoproteins by a single molecule represents an effectual, rational, and an alternative approach to target therapy. We carried out a systematic study to reveal the mechanisms of action of newly synthesized Cu2+ compounds of 2-naphthalenol and 1-(((2-pyridinylmethyl)imino)methyl)- (C1 and C2). The antiproliferative activity of the as-synthesized complexes in three human cancer cell lines indicates their potential as multi-targeted antitumor agents. Relatively, C1 and C2 showed better efficacy in vitro relative to Cisplatin and presented promising levels of toxicity against A-549 cells. On the whole, the Cu2+ complexes exhibited chemotherapeutic effects by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and arresting the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase by competent regulation of cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinases. Fascinatingly, the Cu2+ complexes were shown to activate the apoptotic and autophagic pathways in A-549 cells. These complexes effectively induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis, inhibited topoisomerase-1, and damaged cancer DNA through a ROS-mediated mechanism. The synthesized Cu2+ complexes established ROS-mediated targeting of multiple cell signaling pathways as a fabulous route for the inhibition of cancer cell growth.
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17
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Kenny RG, Marmion CJ. Toward Multi-Targeted Platinum and Ruthenium Drugs-A New Paradigm in Cancer Drug Treatment Regimens? Chem Rev 2019; 119:1058-1137. [PMID: 30640441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While medicinal inorganic chemistry has been practised for over 5000 years, it was not until the late 1800s when Alfred Werner published his ground-breaking research on coordination chemistry that we began to truly understand the nature of the coordination bond and the structures and stereochemistries of metal complexes. We can now readily manipulate and fine-tune their properties. This had led to a multitude of complexes with wide-ranging biomedical applications. This review will focus on the use and potential of metal complexes as important therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. With major advances in technologies and a deeper understanding of the human genome, we are now in a strong position to more fully understand carcinogenesis at a molecular level. We can now also rationally design and develop drug molecules that can either selectively enhance or disrupt key biological processes and, in doing so, optimize their therapeutic potential. This has heralded a new era in drug design in which we are moving from a single- toward a multitargeted approach. This approach lies at the very heart of medicinal inorganic chemistry. In this review, we have endeavored to showcase how a "multitargeted" approach to drug design has led to new families of metallodrugs which may not only reduce systemic toxicities associated with modern day chemotherapeutics but also address resistance issues that are plaguing many chemotherapeutic regimens. We have focused our attention on metallodrugs incorporating platinum and ruthenium ions given that complexes containing these metal ions are already in clinical use or have advanced to clinical trials as anticancer agents. The "multitargeted" complexes described herein not only target DNA but also contain either vectors to enable them to target cancer cells selectively and/or moieties that target enzymes, peptides, and intracellular proteins. Multitargeted complexes which have been designed to target the mitochondria or complexes inspired by natural product activity are also described. A summary of advances in this field over the past decade or so will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece G Kenny
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland
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18
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Ruthenium coordination compounds of biological and biomedical significance. DNA binding agents. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Rahman FU, Bhatti MZ, Ali A, Duong HQ, Zhang Y, Ji X, Lin Y, Wang H, Li ZT, Zhang DW. Dimetallic Ru(II) arene complexes appended on bis-salicylaldimine induce cancer cell death and suppress invasion via p53-dependent signaling. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:1480-1490. [PMID: 30282320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of bis-salicylaldimine ligands bearing two ON-donor functions were reacted with dichloro(p-cymene)ruthenium(II) dimer in the presence of base (NaOAc) and a series of four dimetallic Ru(II) arene complexes (Ru(p-cymene))2(bis-salicylaldimine)Cl2 (C1C4) were prepared. These complexes were obtained in excellent isolated yields and characterized in detail by using different spectroscopic techniques. The structure of C1 was also determined in solid state by single crystal X-ray analysis. These complexes were studied for their cytotoxic effect against three different types of human cancer cells including hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), non-small-cell lung cancer (A549) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells by MTT assay. These complexes showed considerable cytotoxic effect in all the above-mentioned cell lines that was comparable to the effect of cisplatin. C1 and C2 showed moderate anticancer effect while C3 and C4 showed reasonable cytotoxicity. We found the cytotoxicity was increased in series from C1 to C4 representing the effect of ligand modification from small to bulky group at the amine functionality of the salicylaldimine. We selected C3 and C4 for mechanistic anticancer study in MCF-7 cells. The acridine orange/ethidium bromide and DAPI staining assays of MCF-7 cells treated with Ru(II) complexes showed apoptosis in cancer cells. Similarly, these complexes induced p53 protein expression in MCF-7 cells. Further, increased mRNA levels of p63, p73, PUMA, BAX and NOXA genes were observed in response to the treatment with C3 and C4, while cyclinD1, MMP3 and ID1 gene expression was significantly reduced. We found reduced invasion ability in breast cancer cells treated with C3 and C4. Taken together, we demonstrated that bis-salicylaldimine based dimetallic Ru-(p-cymene) complexes exerts anticancer effects by p53 pathway, suggesting the promising chemotherapeutic potentials of these Ru(II) complexes for the treatment of cancer. This study may further pave for their in depth in vitro or in vivo anticancer investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiz-Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China; Center for Supramolecular Material and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; Department of Molecular Medicine, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China; Institute of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hong-Quan Duong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, K7/25 Quang Trung, Danang, 550000, Viet Nam; Department of Cancer Research, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, 458 Minh Khai, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xinjian Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuejian Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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20
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Biancalana L, Ciancaleoni G, Zacchini S, Monti A, Marchetti F, Pampaloni G. Solvent-Dependent Hemilability of (2-Diphenylphosphino)Phenol in a Ru(II) para-Cymene System. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Biancalana
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
- Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Monti
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- CIRCC, via Celso Ulpiani 27, I-70126 Bari, Italy
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21
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Battistin F, Balducci G, Wei J, Renfrew AK, Alessio E. Photolabile Ru Model Complexes with Chelating Diimine Ligands for Light‐Triggered Drug Release. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Battistin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Gabriele Balducci
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Jianhua Wei
- School of Chemistry University of Sydney 2006 Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Anna K. Renfrew
- School of Chemistry University of Sydney 2006 Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Enzo Alessio
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
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22
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Lalinde E, Lara R, López IP, Moreno MT, Alfaro-Arnedo E, Pichel JG, Piñeiro-Hermida S. Benzothiazole-Based Cycloplatinated Chromophores: Synthetic, Optical, and Biological Studies. Chemistry 2018; 24:2440-2456. [PMID: 29219223 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cycloplatinated complexes based on 2-(4-substituted)benzothiazole ligands of type [Pt(R-PBT-κC,N)Cl(L)] (PBT=2-phenylbenzothiazole; R=Br (1), Me2 N (2); L=dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; a), 1,3,5- triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA; b), triphenylphosphine 3,3',3''-trisulfonate (TPPTS; c)) and [Pt(Br-PBT-κC)Cl(PTA)2 ] (3) are presented. On the basis of the photophysical data and time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations (1 a and 2 a), the low-lying transitions (absorption and emission) were associated with ligand-center (LC) charge transfer, with minor metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT), and intraligand charge transfer (ILCT) [Me2 N-PBT→PBT] excited states, respectively. Simultaneous fluorescence/phosphorescence bands were found in fluid solutions (and also in the solid state for 2 a), which become dominated by triplet emission bands in rigid media at 77 K. The effect of the concentration on emissive behavior of 2 a, b indicated the occurrence of aggregation-induced luminescence properties related to the occurrence of metal-metal and π⋅⋅⋅π interactions, which are more enhanced in 2 a because of the less bulky DMSO ligand. The behavior of 2 a toward para-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) in aerated acetonitrile and to hydrogen chloride gas in the solid state has been evaluated, thus showing a clear reversible change between the 1 ILCT and 3 LC/3 MLCT states due to protonation of the NMe2 group (theoretical calculations on 2 a-H+ ). Solid 2 a undergoes a surprising oxidation of the PtII center to PtIV with concomitant deoxygenation of DMSO, under prolonged reaction with hydrogen chloride gas to afford the PtIV /dimethyl sulfide complex (mer-[Pt(Me2 N-PBT-κC,N)Cl3 (SMe2 )]; mer-4), which evolves in solution to fac-4, as confirmed by X-ray studies. Cytotoxic activity studies on A549 and HeLa cell lines indicated cytotoxic activity of 1 b and 2 a, b. In addition, fluorescent cell microscopy revealed cytoplasmic staining, more visible in perinuclear areas. Inhibition of tubulin polymerization by 1 b in both cells is presented as a preliminary mechanism of its cytotoxic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lalinde
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Rebeca Lara
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Icíar P López
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Fundación Rioja Salud, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - M Teresa Moreno
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Elvira Alfaro-Arnedo
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Fundación Rioja Salud, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - José G Pichel
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Fundación Rioja Salud, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Sergio Piñeiro-Hermida
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Diseases Unit, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR), Fundación Rioja Salud, 26006, Logroño, Spain
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23
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Muñoz-Osses M, Siegmund D, Gómez A, Godoy F, Fierro A, Llanos L, Aravena D, Metzler-Nolte N. Influence of the substituent on the phosphine ligand in novel rhenium(i) aldehydes. Synthesis, computational studies and first insights into the antiproliferative activity. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13861-13869. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03160f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyrhetrenyl phosphine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential anticancer agents. Electrochemical and computational studies were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Muñoz-Osses
- Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Daniel Siegmund
- Inorganic Chemistry I – Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Alejandra Gómez
- Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Fernando Godoy
- Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Angélica Fierro
- Laboratory of Bioorganic and Molecular Simulation
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago
| | - Leonel Llanos
- Laboratory of Computational Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Laboratory of Computational Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biology
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Nils Metzler-Nolte
- Inorganic Chemistry I – Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Ruhr University Bochum
- 44801 Bochum
- Germany
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24
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Biancalana L, Batchelor LK, Ciancaleoni G, Zacchini S, Pampaloni G, Dyson PJ, Marchetti F. Versatile coordination of acetazolamide to ruthenium(ii) p-cymene complexes and preliminary cytotoxicity studies. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9367-9384. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01555d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive molecule acetazolamide was incorporated in Ru(ii)-p-cymene complexes with different coordination modes. Two of the resulting complexes were non cytotoxic towards A2780, A2780cisR and HEK-293 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Biancalana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Lucinda K. Batchelor
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Gianluca Ciancaleoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
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25
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Zhang P, Huang W, Wang Y, Li H, Liang C, He C, Wang H, Zhang Q. Isomeric ruthenium(II) complexes for cancer therapy and cellular imaging. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Ndagi U, Mhlongo N, Soliman ME. Metal complexes in cancer therapy - an update from drug design perspective. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:599-616. [PMID: 28424538 PMCID: PMC5344412 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s119488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, metal-based compounds were widely used in the treatment of disease conditions, but the lack of clear distinction between the therapeutic and toxic doses was a major challenge. With the discovery of cisplatin by Barnett Rosenberg in 1960, a milestone in the history of metal-based compounds used in the treatment of cancers was witnessed. This forms the foundation for the modern era of the metal-based anticancer drugs. Platinum drugs, such as cisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin, are the mainstay of the metal-based compounds in the treatment of cancer, but the delay in the therapeutic accomplishment of other metal-based compounds hampered the progress of research in this field. Recently, however, there has been an upsurge of activities relying on the structural information, aimed at improving and developing other forms of metal-based compounds and nonclassical platinum complexes whose mechanism of action is distinct from known drugs such as cisplatin. In line with this, many more metal-based compounds have been synthesized by redesigning the existing chemical structure through ligand substitution or building the entire new compound with enhanced safety and cytotoxic profile. However, because of increased emphasis on the clinical relevance of metal-based complexes, a few of these drugs are currently on clinical trial and many more are awaiting ethical approval to join the trial. In this review, we seek to give an overview of previous reviews on the cytotoxic effect of metal-based complexes while focusing more on newly designed metal-based complexes and their cytotoxic effect on the cancer cell lines, as well as on new approach to metal-based drug design and molecular target in cancer therapy. We are optimistic that the concept of selective targeting remains the hope of the future in developing therapeutics that would selectively target cancer cells and leave healthy cells unharmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Ndagi
- Molecular Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ndumiso Mhlongo
- Molecular Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E Soliman
- Molecular Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
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27
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Biancalana L, Pratesi A, Chiellini F, Zacchini S, Funaioli T, Gabbiani C, Marchetti F. Ruthenium arene complexes with triphenylphosphane ligands: cytotoxicity towards pancreatic cancer cells, interaction with model proteins, and effect of ethacrynic acid substitution. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj02300f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer behaviour of Ru arene complexes can be tuned by an appropriate choice of the site and linkage of the bioactive group to the phosphane ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Biancalana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Pratesi
- MetMed
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”
- Università di Firenze
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Federica Chiellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- I-40136 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Tiziana Funaioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Chiara Gabbiani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale
- Università di Pisa
- I-56124 Pisa
- Italy
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28
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Wang JQ, Kou JF, Zhao ZZ, Qiu KQ, Chao H. Anthraquinone-bridged diruthenium(ii) complexes inhibit migration and invasion of human hepatocarcinoma MHCC97-H cells. Inorg Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qi00149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Four diruthenium(ii) complexes exhibited anti-metastatic properties on MHCC97-H cells, which involved in the inhibition of migration and invasion, negative remodulation of the cytoskeleton, blocking cell cycles and regulation of relative signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Quan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Candidate Drug Research
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
| | - Jun-Feng Kou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zi-Zhuo Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Kang-Qiang Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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29
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Synthesis, characterisation and cytotoxic activity of organoruthenium(II)-halido complexes with 1 H -benzimidazole-2-carboxylic acid. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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30
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Adebisi A, Booysen IN, Akerman MP, Xulu B. Ruthenium complexes with lumazine derivatives: structural, electrochemical, computational and radical scavenging studies. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-016-0062-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Rodrigues C, Delolo FG, Ferreira LM, da S. Maia PI, Deflon VM, Rabeah J, Brückner A, Norinder J, Börner A, Bogado AL, Batista AA. Ruthenium(III)/phosphine/pyridine complexes applied in the hydrogenation reactions of polar and apolar double bonds. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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32
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Adeniyi AA, Ajibade PA. Development of ruthenium-based complexes as anticancer agents: toward a rational design of alternative receptor targets. REV INORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2015-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn the search for novel anticancer agents, the development of metal-based complexes that could serve as alternatives to cisplatin and its derivatives has received considerable attention in recent years. This becomes necessary because, at present, cisplatin and its derivatives are the only coordination complexes being used as anticancer agents in spite of inherent serious side effects and their limitation against metastasized platinum-resistant cancer cells. Although many metal ions have been considered as possible alternatives to cisplatin, the most promising are ruthenium (Ru) complexes and two Ru compounds, KP1019 and NAMI-A, which are currently in phase II clinical trials. The major obstacle against the rational design of these compounds is the fact that their mode of action in relation to their therapeutic activities and selectivity is not fully understood. There is an urgent need to develop novel metal-based anticancer agents, especially Ru-based compounds, with known mechanism of actions, probable targets, and pharmacodynamic activity. In this paper, we review the current efforts in developing metal-based anticancer agents based on promising Ru complexes and the development of compounds targeting receptors and then examine the future prospects.
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33
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Štarha P, Hanousková L, Trávníček Z. Organometallic Half-Sandwich Dichloridoruthenium(II) Complexes with 7-Azaindoles: Synthesis, Characterization and Elucidation of Their Anticancer Inactivity against A2780 Cell Line. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143871. [PMID: 26606245 PMCID: PMC4659567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of organometallic half-sandwich dichloridoruthenium(II) complexes of the general formula [Ru(η6-p-cym)(naza)Cl2] (1-8; p-cym = p-cymene; naza = 7-azaindole or its derivatives) was synthesised and fully characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and infrared and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. A single-crystal X-ray structural analysis of [Ru(η6-p-cym)(2Me4Claza)Cl2] (6) revealed a typical piano-stool geometry with an N7-coordination mode of 2-methyl-4-chloro-7-azaindole (2Me4Claza). The complexes have been found to be inactive against human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 up to the highest applied concentration (IC50 > 50.0 μM). An inactivity of the complexes is caused by their instability in water-containing solvents connected with a release of the naza N-donor ligand, as proved by the detailed 1H NMR, mass spectrometry and fluorescence experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Štarha
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Hanousková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Trávníček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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34
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Editorial of Special Issue Ruthenium Complex: The Expanding Chemistry of the Ruthenium Complexes. Molecules 2015; 20:17244-74. [PMID: 26393560 PMCID: PMC6332046 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200917244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent trends in Ru complex chemistry are surveyed with emphasis on the development of anticancer drugs and applications in catalysis, polymers, materials science and nanotechnology.
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35
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Agonigi G, Riedel T, Zacchini S, Păunescu E, Pampaloni G, Bartalucci N, Dyson PJ, Marchetti F. Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of New Ruthenium Complexes with Ethacrynic-Acid-Modified Pyridine and Triphenylphosphine Ligands. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:6504-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Agonigi
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tina Riedel
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Zacchini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, I-40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Emilia Păunescu
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bartalucci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut
des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi
13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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36
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Trudu F, Amato F, Vaňhara P, Pivetta T, Peña-Méndez E, Havel J. Coordination compounds in cancer: Past, present and perspectives. J Appl Biomed 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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37
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Lv G, Guo L, Qiu L, Yang H, Wang T, Liu H, Lin J. Lipophilicity-dependent ruthenium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes as potential anticancer agents. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:7324-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00169b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five novel Ru(ii)–N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) were synthesized and biologically evaluated, one of which showed superior activity against PC-3 cell lines and 6 fold more activity than cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaochao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Liubin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Ling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Tengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
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38
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Wang B, Wang Z, Ai F, Tang WK, Zhu G. A monofunctional platinum(II)-based anticancer agent from a salicylanilide derivative: Synthesis, antiproliferative activity, and transcription inhibition. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 142:118-25. [PMID: 25450026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cationic monofunctional platinum(II)-based anticancer agents with a general formula of cis-[Pt(NH3)2(N-donor)Cl](+) have recently drawn significant attention due to their unique mode of action, distinctive anticancer spectrum, and promising antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. Understanding the mechanism of action of novel monofunctional platinum compounds through rational drug design will aid in the further development of active agents. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated a monofunctional platinum-based anticancer agent SA-Pt containing a bulky salicylanilide moiety. The antiproliferative activity of SA-Pt was close to that of cisplatin. Mechanism studies revealed that SA-Pt entered HeLa cells more efficiently than cisplatin, blocked the cell cycle at the S-phase, and induced apoptosis. The compound bound to DNA as effectively as cisplatin, but did not block RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription as strongly as cisplatin, indicating that once the compound formed Pt-DNA lesions, the salicylanilide group was more easily recognized and removed. This study not only enriches the family of monofunctional platinum-based anticancer agents but also guides the design of more potent monofunctional platinum complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fujin Ai
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wai Kin Tang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Guangyu Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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