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Garstka K, Dzyhovskyi V, Wątły J, Stokowa-Sołtys K, Świątek-Kozłowska J, Kozłowski H, Barceló-Oliver M, Bellotti D, Rowińska-Żyrek M. CH vs. HC-Promiscuous Metal Sponges in Antimicrobial Peptides and Metallophores. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103985. [PMID: 37241727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Histidine and cysteine residues, with their imidazole and thiol moieties that deprotonate at approximately physiological pH values, are primary binding sites for Zn(II), Ni(II) and Fe(II) ions and are thus ubiquitous both in peptidic metallophores and in antimicrobial peptides that may use nutritional immunity as a way to limit pathogenicity during infection. We focus on metal complex solution equilibria of model sequences encompassing Cys-His and His-Cys motifs, showing that the position of histidine and cysteine residues in the sequence has a crucial impact on its coordination properties. CH and HC motifs occur as many as 411 times in the antimicrobial peptide database, while similar CC and HH regions are found 348 and 94 times, respectively. Complex stabilities increase in the series Fe(II) < Ni(II) < Zn(II), with Zn(II) complexes dominating at physiological pH, and Ni(II) ones-above pH 9. The stabilities of Zn(II) complexes with Ac-ACHA-NH2 and Ac-AHCA-NH2 are comparable, and a similar tendency is observed for Fe(II), while in the case of Ni(II), the order of Cys and His does matter-complexes in which the metal is anchored on the third Cys (Ac-AHCA-NH2) are thermodynamically stronger than those where Cys is in position two (Ac-ACHA-NH2) at basic pH, at which point amides start to take part in the binding. Cysteine residues are much better Zn(II)-anchoring sites than histidines; Zn(II) clearly prefers the Cys-Cys type of ligands to Cys-His and His-Cys ones. In the case of His- and Cys-containing peptides, non-binding residues may have an impact on the stability of Ni(II) complexes, most likely protecting the central Ni(II) atom from interacting with solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Garstka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Valentyn Dzyhovskyi
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Wątły
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kamila Stokowa-Sołtys
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Henryk Kozłowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Opole, 68 Katowicka St., 45-060 Opole, Poland
| | - Miquel Barceló-Oliver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balearic Islands, Cra. de Valldemossa, km 7.5., 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Denise Bellotti
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Wątły J, Hecel A, Wieczorek R, Swiątek-Kozłowska J, Kozłowski H, Rowińska-Żyrek M. Uncapping the N-terminus of a ubiquitous His-tag peptide enhances its Cu 2+ binding affinity. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:13567-13579. [PMID: 31309219 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01635j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes with an N-terminally free and N-terminally acetylated polyhistidine region of Echis ocellatus venom, with an interesting His-rich motif present in numerous metal binding proteins from all kingdoms of life (DHDHDHHHHHHPGSSV-NH2 and Ac-DHDHDHHHHHHPGSSV-NH2) show the role of the free amino group in the thermodynamic enhancement of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ binding. In the studied sequences, Cu2+ can be coordinated by different sets of imidazole rings, and a 3-10 helix is detected in close proximity of Cu2+ binding sites. The complexes are more stable than those with a typical His6-tag, despite a similar copper(ii) coordination mode in both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wątły
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50383, Wroclaw, Poland.
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