1
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Napierkowski M, Janke U, Rong A, Delcea M, Bandaru SSM, Schulzke C, Bednarski PJ. Liposomal formulation of model pentathiepin improves solubility and stability toward glutathione while preserving anticancer activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2300087. [PMID: 37507825 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The biological properties of pentathiepins have been attracting increased attention in recent years. Experiments have shown a wide range of effects of pentathiepins in vitro, such as induction of apoptosis and alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells, and inhibition of antioxidant enzymes, for example, glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1). Biological evaluation is sometimes limited due to low aqueous solubility, high lipophilicity, and poor stability toward thiols, for example, glutathione (GSH). To assess whether liposomes are suitable as drug carriers to overcome these drawbacks, a model pentathiepin was formulated in a liposomal preparation. The success of loading liposomes with pentathiepins was evaluated by using ultraviolet-visible light (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Through inclusion into 100-nm-sized 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine liposomes, the aqueous solubility of a representative pentathiepin could be increased by several orders of magnitude to ca. 400 µM. The stability of the pentathiepin in the presence of GSH was increased fourfold as determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. In antiproliferation experiments with two human cancer cell lines, no decrease in potency in the liposomal loaded pentathiepin compared to the free pentathiepin was found. In conclusion, liposomes are a suitable carrier for pentathiepins and improve both solubility and stability in the presence of thiols without compromising anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Napierkowski
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Una Janke
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alena Rong
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mihaela Delcea
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Carola Schulzke
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Patrick J Bednarski
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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2
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A review on the chemistry of novel platinum chelates based on azo-azomethine ligands. REV INORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revic-2022-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Numerous platinum group metals (PGMs) complexes contain azo-azomethine-based ligands. Azo-azomethine ligands are N-donor ligands that have extended conjugated π-bonded systems and both azo (–N=N–) and aldimine (–C=N–) functions in their structure. Plenty of platinum (Pt) complexes with azo-imine ligands have been prepared and characterized. Various multidentate azo-imine ligands coordinated with different platinum metal substrates afforded structurally diverse platinum chelates. Nonetheless, many azo-imine-based platinum complexes demonstrated a wide range of biological activities, photo-switchable properties, and redox activities. The review encompasses a general overview of platinum complexes with versatile azo-azomethine ligands, their synthetic protocol, spectroscopic and structural features, chemical reactivity, and multipurpose applications in different areas.
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3
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Murillo MI, Gaiddon C, Le Lagadec R. Targeting of the intracellular redox balance by metal complexes towards anticancer therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:967337. [PMID: 36034648 PMCID: PMC9405673 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.967337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of cancers is often linked to the alteration of essential redox processes, and therefore, oxidoreductases involved in such mechanisms can be considered as attractive molecular targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. On the other hand, for more than two decades, transition metals derivatives have been leading the research on drugs as alternatives to platinum-based treatments. The success of such compounds is particularly due to their attractive redox kinetics properties, favorable oxidation states, as well as routes of action different to interactions with DNA, in which redox interactions are crucial. For instance, the activity of oxidoreductases such as PHD2 (prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein) which can regulate angiogenesis in tumors, LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) related to glycolysis, and enzymes, such as catalases, SOD (superoxide dismutase), TRX (thioredoxin) or GSH (glutathione) involved in controlling oxidative stress, can be altered by metal effectors. In this review, we wish to discuss recent results on how transition metal complexes have been rationally designed to impact on redox processes, in search for effective and more specific cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Isabel Murillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Strasbourg Université, Inserm UMR_S U1113, IRFAC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Ronan Le Lagadec,
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4
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Wolff L, Bandaru SSM, Eger E, Lam HN, Napierkowski M, Baecker D, Schulzke C, Bednarski PJ. Comprehensive Evaluation of Biological Effects of Pentathiepins on Various Human Cancer Cell Lines and Insights into Their Mode of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147631. [PMID: 34299253 PMCID: PMC8305076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pentathiepins are polysulfur-containing compounds that exert antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity in cancer cells, induce oxidative stress and apoptosis, and inhibit glutathione peroxidase (GPx1). This renders them promising candidates for anticancer drug development. However, the biological effects and how they intertwine have not yet been systematically assessed in diverse cancer cell lines. In this study, six novel pentathiepins were synthesized to suit particular requirements such as fluorescent properties or improved water solubility. Structural elucidation by X-ray crystallography was successful for three derivatives. All six underwent extensive biological evaluation in 14 human cancer cell lines. These studies included investigating the inhibition of GPx1 and cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and the induction of ROS and DNA strand breaks. Furthermore, selected hallmarks of apoptosis and the impact on cell cycle progression were studied. All six pentathiepins exerted high cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity, while five also strongly inhibited GPx1. There is a clear connection between the potential to provoke oxidative stress and damage to DNA in the form of single- and double-strand breaks. Additionally, these studies support apoptosis but not ferroptosis as the mechanism of cell death in some of the cell lines. As the various pentathiepins give rise to different biological responses, modulation of the biological effects depends on the distinct chemical structures fused to the sulfur ring. This may allow for an optimization of the anticancer activity of pentathiepins in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Wolff
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.W.); (H.-N.L.); (M.N.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Elias Eger
- Pharmazeutische Mikrobiologie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Hoai-Nhi Lam
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.W.); (H.-N.L.); (M.N.); (D.B.)
| | - Martin Napierkowski
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.W.); (H.-N.L.); (M.N.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Baecker
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.W.); (H.-N.L.); (M.N.); (D.B.)
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Bioanorganische Chemie, Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (P.J.B.); Tel.: +49-3834-420-4321 (C.S.); +49-3834-420-4883 (P.J.B.)
| | - Patrick J. Bednarski
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Universität Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (L.W.); (H.-N.L.); (M.N.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (P.J.B.); Tel.: +49-3834-420-4321 (C.S.); +49-3834-420-4883 (P.J.B.)
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5
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Behnisch‐Cornwell S, Bandaru SSM, Napierkowski M, Wolff L, Zubair M, Urbainsky C, Lillig C, Schulzke C, Bednarski PJ. Pentathiepins: A Novel Class of Glutathione Peroxidase 1 Inhibitors that Induce Oxidative Stress, Loss of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Apoptosis in Human Cancer Cells. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1515-1528. [PMID: 32311219 PMCID: PMC7496275 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) inhibitors, namely tri- and tetracyclic pentathiepins, has been identified that is approximately 15 times more potent than the most active known GPx1 inhibitor, mercaptosuccinic acid. Enzyme kinetic studies with bovine erythrocyte GPx1 indicate that pentathiepins reversibly inhibit oxidation of the substrate glutathione (GSH). Moreover, no inhibition of superoxide dismutase, catalase, thioredoxin reductase or glutathione reductase was observed at concentrations that effectively inhibit GPx1. As well as potent enzyme inhibitory activity, the pentathiepins show strong anticancer activity in various human cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in a low-micromolar range. A representative tetracyclic pentathiepin causes the formation of reactive oxygen species in these cells, the fragmentation of nuclear DNA and induces apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway. Moreover, this pentathiepin leads to a rapid and strong loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in treated cancer cells. On the other hand, evidence for the induction of ferroptosis as a form of cell death was negative. These new findings show that pentathiepins possess interesting biological activities beyond those originally ascribed to these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Behnisch‐Cornwell
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische ChemieInstitut für PharmazieUniversität Greifswald17489GreifswaldGermany
| | | | - Martin Napierkowski
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische ChemieInstitut für PharmazieUniversität Greifswald17489GreifswaldGermany
| | - Lisa Wolff
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische ChemieInstitut für PharmazieUniversität Greifswald17489GreifswaldGermany
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Bioanorganische ChemieInstitut für BiochemieUniversität Greifswald17489GreifswaldGermany
| | - Claudia Urbainsky
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie und Molekulare BiologieUniversitätsmedizinUniversität Greifswald17475GreifswaldGermany
| | - Christopher Lillig
- Institut für Medizinische Biochemie und Molekulare BiologieUniversitätsmedizinUniversität Greifswald17475GreifswaldGermany
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Bioanorganische ChemieInstitut für BiochemieUniversität Greifswald17489GreifswaldGermany
| | - Patrick J. Bednarski
- Pharmazeutische/Medizinische ChemieInstitut für PharmazieUniversität Greifswald17489GreifswaldGermany
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6
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Alavianmehr MM, Ashrafi A, Yousefi R, Haghighi MG, Abolmaali SS, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Rad MNS. Anticancer Activity Assessment and DNA Binding Properties of Two Binuclear Platinum (II) Complexes using Spectroscopic and Molecular Simulation Approaches. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:2066-2073. [PMID: 32628598 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200705221325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the biological properties and anticancer activities of platinum-based drugs and metal coordination complexes have been receiving particular attention. These compounds have revealed clinical potential in cancer chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE In this research, two binuclear platinum complexes including [Pt2Cl2(bhq)2(μ-dppm)] (1) and [(p- MeC6H4)(bhq) Pt(μ-dppm)Pt(bhq)(CF3CO2)] (2) with bhq: benzo[h] quinolone and dppm: bis(diphenylphosphino) methane have been synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity against A2780 and A2780/RCIS cancer cell lines. METHODS The DNA binding and interaction of AMP/GMP nucleotide with these complexes were explored by several experimental and theoretical methods, including UV-Visible, fluorescence spectroscopic techniques and docking analysis. These complexes have demonstrated significant anticancer properties against cisplatinsensitive (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780/RCIS) human ovarian cancer cell lines. RESULTS The obtained results indicated that these complexes interact with DNA. Additionally, the fluorescence emission measurements indicated that the platinum complexes binding with DNA structure occurs through nonintercalative interaction. The molecular docking assessments have also revealed the binding of these platinum complexes through DNA grooves. Moreover, the results have indicated that complex 1 exhibited more anticancer activity than complex 2. CONCLUSION The results of the DNA binding with these platinum complexes confirmed their potential antitumor properties. The substitution of -C6H4CH3 and -CO2CF3 groups in complex 2 with two chlorine atoms in complex 1 acquired the significant improvement of the anticancer activity against the cancer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abolfazl Ashrafi
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
| | - Reza Yousefi
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Mohsen G Haghighi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran 19839-69411, Iran
| | - Samira S Abolmaali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71345, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad N S Rad
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
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7
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Synthesis, characterization and antitumor properties of novel silver(I) and gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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8
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Huang GB, Chen S, Qin QP, Luo JR, Tan MX, Wang ZF, Zou BQ, Liang H. Preparation of platinum(II) complexes with naphthalene imide derivatives and exploration of their in vitro cytotoxic activities. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Szmigiel-Bakalarz K, Nentwig M, Oeckler O, Malik-Gajewska M, Turlej E, Wietrzyk J, Michalska D. Platinum(II) and copper(II) complexes of 7-azaindole-3-carboxaldehyde: crystal structures, IR and Raman spectra, DFT calculations and in vitro antiproliferative activity of the platinum(II) complex. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Kenny RG, Marmion CJ. Toward Multi-Targeted Platinum and Ruthenium Drugs-A New Paradigm in Cancer Drug Treatment Regimens? Chem Rev 2019; 119:1058-1137. [PMID: 30640441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While medicinal inorganic chemistry has been practised for over 5000 years, it was not until the late 1800s when Alfred Werner published his ground-breaking research on coordination chemistry that we began to truly understand the nature of the coordination bond and the structures and stereochemistries of metal complexes. We can now readily manipulate and fine-tune their properties. This had led to a multitude of complexes with wide-ranging biomedical applications. This review will focus on the use and potential of metal complexes as important therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. With major advances in technologies and a deeper understanding of the human genome, we are now in a strong position to more fully understand carcinogenesis at a molecular level. We can now also rationally design and develop drug molecules that can either selectively enhance or disrupt key biological processes and, in doing so, optimize their therapeutic potential. This has heralded a new era in drug design in which we are moving from a single- toward a multitargeted approach. This approach lies at the very heart of medicinal inorganic chemistry. In this review, we have endeavored to showcase how a "multitargeted" approach to drug design has led to new families of metallodrugs which may not only reduce systemic toxicities associated with modern day chemotherapeutics but also address resistance issues that are plaguing many chemotherapeutic regimens. We have focused our attention on metallodrugs incorporating platinum and ruthenium ions given that complexes containing these metal ions are already in clinical use or have advanced to clinical trials as anticancer agents. The "multitargeted" complexes described herein not only target DNA but also contain either vectors to enable them to target cancer cells selectively and/or moieties that target enzymes, peptides, and intracellular proteins. Multitargeted complexes which have been designed to target the mitochondria or complexes inspired by natural product activity are also described. A summary of advances in this field over the past decade or so will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece G Kenny
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland
| | - Celine J Marmion
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland , 123 St. Stephen's Green , Dublin 2 , Ireland
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11
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Scalcon V, Bindoli A, Rigobello MP. Significance of the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase in cancer cells: An update on role, targets and inhibitors. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:62-79. [PMID: 29596885 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin reductase 2 (TrxR2) is a key component of the mitochondrial thioredoxin system able to transfer electrons to peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3) in a reaction mediated by thioredoxin 2 (Trx2). In this way, both the level of hydrogen peroxide and thiol redox state are modulated. TrxR2 is often overexpressed in cancer cells conferring apoptosis resistance. Due to their exposed flexible arm containing selenocysteine, both cytosolic and mitochondrial TrxRs are inhibited by a large number of molecules. The various classes of inhibitors are listed and the molecules acting specifically on TrxR2 are extensively described. Particular emphasis is given to gold(I/III) complexes with phosphine, carbene or other ligands and to tamoxifen-like metallocifens. Also chemically unrelated organic molecules, including natural compounds and their derivatives, are taken into account. An important feature of many TrxR2 inhibitors is provided by their nature of delocalized lipophilic cations that allows their accumulation in mitochondria exploiting the organelle membrane potential. The consequences of TrxR2 inhibition are presented focusing especially on the impact on mitochondrial pathophysiology. Inhibition of TrxR2, by hindering the activity of Trx2 and Prx3, increases the mitochondrial concentration of reactive oxygen species and shifts the thiol redox state toward a more oxidized condition. This is reflected by alterations of specific targets involved in the release of pro-apoptotic factors such as cyclophilin D which acts as a regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Therefore, the selective inhibition of TrxR2 could be utilized to induce cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Scalcon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Alberto Bindoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy; Institute of Neuroscience (CNR), Padova Section, c/o Department of Biomedical Sciences, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Rigobello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/b, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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12
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Marzo T, Cirri D, Ciofi L, Gabbiani C, Feis A, Di Pasquale N, Stefanini M, Biver T, Messori L. Synthesis, characterization and DNA interactions of [Pt3(TPymT)Cl3], the trinuclear platinum(II) complex of the TPymT ligand. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 183:101-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Xu Y, Li P, Nie J, Zhao Q, Guan S, Kuai Z, Qiao Y, Jiang X, Li Y, Li W, Shi Y, Kong W, Shan Y. Humanization and directed evolution of the selenium-containing scFv phage abzyme. RSC Adv 2018; 8:17218-17223. [PMID: 35539266 PMCID: PMC9080455 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02798f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the binding site structure and the catalytic mechanism of the native glutathione peroxidase (GPX), three glutathione derivatives, GSH-S-DNP butyl ester (hapten Be), GSH-S-DNP hexyl ester (hapten He) and GSH-S-DNP hexamethylene ester (hapten Hme) were synthesized. By a four-round panning with a human synthetic scFv phage library against three haptens, the enrichment of the scFv phage particles with specific binding activity could be determined. Three phage particles were selected binding to each glutathione derivative, respectively. After a two-step chemical mutation to convert the serine residues of the scFv phage particles into selenocysteine residues, GPX activity could be observed and determined upto 3000 U μmol-1 in the selenium-containing scFv phage abzyme which was isolated by affinity capture against the hapten Be. Also the scFv phage abzymes elicited by different antigens displayed different catalytic activities. After a directed evolution by DNA shuffling to improve the affinity to the hapten Be, a secondary library with GPX activity was created in which the catalytic activity of the selenium-containing scFv phage abzyme could be increased 17%. This study might be helpful for new haptens or antigens design to optimize the abzymes with high binding activities and might also provide a novel scheme for GPX mimic candidates for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Pengju Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Jiaojiao Nie
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Qi Zhao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau Macau China
| | - Shanshan Guan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Ziyu Kuai
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Yongbo Qiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Ying Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Yuhua Shi
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Yaming Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China +86 431 85167751 +86 431 89228979.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
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14
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Du J, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Xu F, Wang Y, Zheng W, Luo Q, Wang M, Wang F. A Photoactive Platinum(IV) Anticancer Complex Inhibits Thioredoxin-Thioredoxin Reductase System Activity by Induced Oxidization of the Protein. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:5575-5584. [PMID: 29688719 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin (Trx) is an important enzyme in the redox signaling pathway and is usually overexpressed in tumor cells. We demonstrate herein that the photoactive platinum(IV) anticancer complex trans,trans,trans-[Pt(N3)2(OH)2(Py)2] (1) can bind to His, Glu, and Gln residues of Trx upon the irradiation of blue light. More importantly, complex 1 can also induce the oxidation of Met, Trp, and the Cys catalytic sites to form disulfide bonds by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon photoactivation. These eventually lead to inhibition of activity of Trx enzyme and the Trx system and further increase in the cellular ROS level. We speculate that the oxidative damage not only inhibits Trx activity but also greatly contributes to the anticancer action of complex 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Du
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 , People's Republic of China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fengmin Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecular-Based Materials , Anhui Normal University , Wuhu 241000 , People's Republic of China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fuyi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
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