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Li W, Yang Y, Wang J, Ge T, Wan S, Gui L, Tao Y, Song P, Yang L, Ge F, Zhang W. Establishment of bone-targeted nano-platform and the study of its combination with 2-deoxy-d-glucose enhanced photodynamic therapy to inhibit bone metastasis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106306. [PMID: 38091923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
At present, simple anti-tumor drugs are ineffective at targeting bone tissue and are not purposed to treat patients with bone metastasis. In this study, zoledronic acid (ZOL) demonstrated excellent bone-targeting properties as a bone-targeting ligand. The metal-organic framework (MOF) known as ZIF-90 was modified with ZOL to construct a bone-targeting-based drug delivery system. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) was loaded in the bone-targeted drug delivery system and combined with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), which successfully treated bone tumors when enhanced photodynamic therapy was applied. The Ce6@ZIF-PEG-ZOL (Ce6@ZPZ) nanoparticles were observed to have uniform morphology, a particle size of approximately 210 nm, and a potential of approximately -30.4 mV. The results of the bone-targeting experiments showed that Ce6@ZPZ exhibited a superior bone-targeted effect when compared to Ce6@ZIF-90-PEG. The Ce6@ZPZ solution was subjected to 660 nm irradiation and the resulting production of reactive oxygen species increased over time, which could be further increased when Ce6@ZPZ was used in combination with 2-DG. Their combination had a stronger inhibitory capacity against tumor cells than either 2-DG or Ce6@ZPZ alone, increasing the rate of tumor cell apoptosis. The apoptosis rate caused by HGC-27 was 61.56% when 2-DG was combined with Ce6@ZPZ. In vivo results also showed that Ce6@ZPZ combined with 2-DG maximally inhibited tumor growth and prolonged mice survival compared to the other experimental groups. Therefore, the combination of PDT and glycolytic inhibitors serves as a potential option for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanzhen Li
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqi Yang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ge
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuixia Wan
- Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, 230031, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Gui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugui Tao
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liangjun Yang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Ge
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui, 241000, People's Republic of China.
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Adhikari S, Nath P, Das A, Datta A, Baildya N, Duttaroy AK, Pathak S. A review on metal complexes and its anti-cancer activities: Recent updates from in vivo studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116211. [PMID: 38290253 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Research into cancer therapeutics has uncovered various potential medications based on metal-containing scaffolds after the discovery and clinical applications of cisplatin as an anti-cancer agent. This has resulted in many metallodrugs that can be put into medical applications. These metallodrugs have a wider variety of functions and mechanisms of action than pure organic molecules. Although platinum-based medicines are very efficient anti-cancer agents, they are often accompanied by significant side effects and toxicity and are limited by resistance. Some of the most studied and developed alternatives to platinum-based anti-cancer medications include metallodrugs based on ruthenium, gold, copper, iridium, and osmium, which showed effectiveness against many cancer cell lines. These metal-based medicines represent an exciting new category of potential cancer treatments and sparked a renewed interest in the search for effective anti-cancer therapies. Despite the widespread development of metal complexes touted as powerful and promising in vitro anti-cancer therapeutics, only a small percentage of these compounds have shown their worth in vivo models. Metallodrugs, which are more effective and less toxic than platinum-based drugs and can treat drug-resistant cancer cells, are the focus of this review. Here, we highlighted some of the most recently developed Pt, Ru, Au, Cu, Ir, and Os complexes that have shown significant in vivo antitumor properties between 2017 and 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree Collage, Dharmanagar, Tripura (N) 799253, India.
| | - Priyatosh Nath
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, West Tripura 799022, India
| | - Alakesh Das
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
| | - Abhijit Datta
- Department of Botany, Ambedkar College, Fatikroy, Unakoti 799290, Tripura, India
| | - Nabajyoti Baildya
- Department of Chemistry, Milki High School, Milki, Malda 732209, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Chennai 603103, India
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Jiang GB, Zhang WY, He M, Gu YY, Bai L, Wang YJ, Yi QY, Du F. Systematic evaluation of the antitumor activity of three ruthenium polypyridyl complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 225:111616. [PMID: 34555601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-containing complexes have emerged as good alternative to the currently used platinum-containing drugs for malignant tumor therapy. In this work, cytotoxic effects of recently synthesized ruthenium polypyridyl complexes [Ru(bpy)2(CFPIP)](ClO4)2 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, CFPIP = (E)-2-(4-fluorostyryl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Ru(II)-1), [Ru(phen)2(CFPIP)](ClO4)2 (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, Ru(II)-2) and [Ru(dmb)2(CFPIP)](ClO4)2 (dmb = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, Ru(II)-3) toward different tumor cells were investigated in vitro and compared with cisplatin, the most widely used chemotherapeutic drug against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2). The results demonstrate that target complexes show excellent cytotoxicity against HepG-2 cells with low IC50 value of 21.4 ± 1.5, 18.0 ± 2.1 and 22.3 ± 1.7 μM, respectively. It was important noting that target Ru(II) complexes exhibited better antitumor activity than cisplatin (IC50 = 28.5 ± 2.4 μM) against HepG-2 cells, and has no obvious toxicity to normal cell LO2. DNA binding results suggest that Ru(II)-1, Ru(II)-2 and Ru(II)-3 interact with CT DNA (calf thymus DNA) through intercalative mode. Complexes exerted its antitumor activity through increasing anti-migration and inducing cell cycle arrest at the S phase. In addition, the apoptosis was tested by AO (acridine orange)/EB (ethidium bromide) staining and flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and colocalization tests were also evaluated by ImageXpress Micro XLS system. Overall, the results show that the ruthenium polypyridyl complexes induce apoptosis in HepG-2 cells through ROS-mediated mitochondria dysfunction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Bin Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Wen-Yao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Miao He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi-Ying Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lan Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yang-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qiao-Yan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Fan Du
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Zhu L, Kuang Z, Song P, Li W, Gui L, Yang K, Ge F, Tao Y, Zhang W. Gold nanorod-loaded thermosensitive liposomes facilitate the targeted release of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes with anti-tumor activity. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:455103. [PMID: 34352731 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1afc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes (Ru) show high anti-tumor activity, but their poor solubility and low biocompatibility impede their use in anti-tumor therapy. Here,we circumvented the problem of low solubility by encapsulating the Ru in thermosensitive liposomes (LTSLs) and used gold nanorods (Au NRs) modified on the surface of the liposomes to permit the precise release of Ru at the tumor site. A facile and simple method was developed to synthesize Ru-loaded Au NR-decorated LTSL (Au@LTSL-Ru NPs). The loaded Au NRs improved the anti-tumor effect of Ru and enhanced the photothermal therapeutic properties of the nanosystem. A characterization experiment indicated that the average particle size of Au@LTSL-Ru was approximately 300 nm and that the Au NRs were successfully modified on the surface of LTSL. In thein vitroanti-tumor test, Au@LTSL-Ru and NIR significantly inhibited the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells. The IC50value of Au@LTSL-Ru + NIR was 7.1 ± 1.2μM (13μg ml-1), and the inhibition rate was greater than 90% when the concentration reached 30μg ml-1.In vivostudies revealed that Au@LTSL-Ru and NIR had a significant inhibitory effect on subcutaneous tumor tissues derived from SGC-7901 cells. Analysis of histopathology and immunocytotoxicity indicated that Au@LTSL-Ru has fewer side effects and high biocompatibility. Our results confirm that Au@LTSL-Ru can effectively inhibit tumor growth and aid the development of Ru for use in the thermal response in anti-tumor activity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longbao Zhu
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Kuang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanzhen Li
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Gui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, Peoples Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ge
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yugui Tao
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- School of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
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