1
|
Nandhini S, Thiruppathi G, Ranjani M, Puschmann H, Ravi M, Sundararaj P, Prabhakaran R. Effect of ruthenium(II) complexes on MDA-MB-231 cells and lifespan/tumor growth in gld-1mutant, Daf-16 TF and stress productive genes: A perspective study. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 257:112580. [PMID: 38701694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Pincer type coumarin based N-substituted semicarbazone ligands HL1-4 and their corresponding ruthenium(II) complexes (1-4) were synthesized, analyzed and confirmed by various spectro analytical techniques. The molecular structure of the ligand HL3 and complex 3 was confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The stoichiometry of complexes 1, 2 and 4 was confirmed by high resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). The binding affinity of the compounds with CT-DNA (Calf Thymus DNA) and BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) was established by absorption and emission titration methods. The results of In vitro cytotoxicity showed the significant cytotoxic potential of the complexes against MDA-MB-231 cells (TNBC- Triple-negative breast cancer). Among the complexes, 1 and 4 have shown appreciable results. Further, antimigratory activity against the MDA-MB-231 cells was studied for the complexes 1 and 4. The percentage cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and necrosis were explored by flow cytometry. The in vivo anti-tumor activity of the complexes 1 and 4 using C. elegans as model organism was established by using the tumoral C. elegans strain JK1466 (gld-1(q485)), which bears a mutation in the gld-1 tumor suppressor gene. We have determined the effect of our complexes on tumor gonad reduction and found to be non toxic to the JK1466 worms and they have prolonged their mean lifespan with potential antioxidant ability by overcoming stress responses. Overall, our study reported herein demonstrated that the complexes 1 and 4 could be established as potential metallo-drugs substantiating further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Nandhini
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - G Thiruppathi
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - M Ranjani
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Horst Puschmann
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - M Ravi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - P Sundararaj
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - R Prabhakaran
- Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Melo Bisneto AVD, Fernandes AS, Silva LDC, Silva LS, Araújo DPD, Santos ICD, Melo MDR, Silva RRDS, Franchi LP, Cardoso CG, Silveira-Lacerda EDP, Carneiro CC, Teixeira CS, Chen-Chen L. Dioclea violacea lectin inhibits tumorigenesis and tumor angiogenesis in vivo. Biochimie 2024; 222:18-27. [PMID: 38395337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Dioclea violacea seed mannose-binding lectin (DvL) has attracted considerable attention because of its interesting biological activities, including antitumor, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. This study evaluated the cytotoxic effect of DvL on tumor and normal cells using the mitochondrial activity reduction (MTT) assay, the carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic activity by the epithelial tumor test (ETT) in Drosophila melanogaster, and the anti-angiogenic effect by the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Data demonstrated that DvL promoted strong selective cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines, especially A549 and S180 cells, whereas normal cell lines were weakly affected. Furthermore, DvL did not promote carcinogenesis in D. melanogaster at any concentration tested, but modulated DXR-induced carcinogenesis at the highest concentrations tested. In the CAM and immunohistochemical assays, DvL inhibited sarcoma 180-induced angiogenesis and promoted the reduction of VEGF and TGF-β levels at all concentrations tested. Therefore, our results demonstrated that DvL is a potent anticancer, anti-angiogenic, and selective cytotoxic agent for tumor cells, suggesting its potential application as a prototype molecule for the development of new drugs with chemoprotective and/or antitumor effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Vieira de Melo Bisneto
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Amanda Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lívia do Carmo Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Luana Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Diego Pereira de Araújo
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ivan Cerqueira Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Marcella da Rocha Melo
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Pereira Franchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Clever Gomes Cardoso
- Department of Morphology of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Elisangela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Cristiene Costa Carneiro
- Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Paulista - Campus Flamboyant, 74845-090, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Claudener Souza Teixeira
- Center for Agrarian Sciences and Biodiversity, Federal University of Cariri, 63130-025, Crato, Brazil
| | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics of Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xia H, Zhu J, Zheng Z, Xiao P, Yu X, Wu M, Xue L, Xu X, Wang X, Guo Y, Zheng C, Ding S, Wang Y, Peng X, Fu S, Li J, Deng X. Amino acids and their roles in tumor immunotherapy of breast cancer. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3647. [PMID: 38084655 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. The primary treatment options include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and hormone therapy. The effectiveness of breast cancer therapy varies depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer, as well as individual factors. Advances in early detection and improved treatments have significantly increased survival rates for breast cancer patients. Nevertheless, specific subtypes of breast cancer, particularly triple-negative breast cancer, still lack effective treatment strategies. Thus, novel and effective therapeutic targets for breast cancer need to be explored. As substrates of protein synthesis, amino acids are important sources of energy and nutrition, only secondly to glucose. The rich supply of amino acids enables the tumor to maintain its proliferative competence through participation in energy generation, nucleoside synthesis and maintenance of cellular redox balance. Amino acids also play an important role in immune-suppressive microenvironment formation. Thus, the biological effects of amino acids may change unexpectedly in tumor-specific or oncogene-dependent manners. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the study of amino acid metabolism, particularly in their potential application as therapeutic targets in breast cancer. In this review, we provide an update on amino acid metabolism and discuss the therapeutic implications of amino acids in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhuo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuomeng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peiyao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Muyao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lian Xue
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chanjuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siyu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoning Peng
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Shujun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Departments of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fernandes AS, de Melo Bisneto AV, Silva LS, Bailão EFLC, Cardoso CG, Carneiro CC, da Costa Santos S, Chen-Chen L. Pedunculagin and tellimagrandin-I stimulate inflammation and angiogenesis and upregulate vascular endothelial growth factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in vivo. Microvasc Res 2024; 151:104615. [PMID: 37797833 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Pedunculagin (PD) and tellimagrandin-I (TL), isolated from Myrciaria cauliflora seeds and Eucaliptus microcorys leaves, respectively, have attracted great attention owing to their relevant biological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities. This study investigated the angiogenic potential of PD and TL using a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Using the CAM assay, our results showed that both PD and TL promoted a significant increase in the number and caliber of blood vessels, the thickness of the CAM, and the presence of fibroblasts and inflammatory cells. Moreover, an increase of tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor was observed in the CAM treated with PD and TL, indicating the induction of angiogenic factors. Thus, the remarkable profile of PD and TL in inducing angiogenesis opens up new perspectives for their potential utilization in different therapeutic approaches involving neovascularization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Silva Fernandes
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Abel Vieira de Melo Bisneto
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luana Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Clever Gomes Cardoso
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cristiene Costa Carneiro
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lee Chen-Chen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gu YQ, Ma MX, Yang QY, Yang K, Li HQ, Hu MQ, Liang H, Chen ZF. In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of novel Rh(III) and Pd(II) complexes with pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2023; 141:106838. [PMID: 37717414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Six pyrazolopyrimidine rhodium(III) or palladium(II) complexes, [Rh(L1)(H2O)Cl3] (1), [Rh(L2)(CH3OH)Cl3] (2), [Rh(L3)(H2O)Cl3] (3), [Rh2(L4)Cl6]·CH3OH (4), [Rh(L5)(CH3CN)Cl3]·0.5CH3CN (5), and [Pd(L5)Cl2] (6), were synthesized and characterized. These complexes showed high cytotoxicity against six tested cancer cell lines. Most of the complexes showed higher cytotoxicity to T-24 cells in vitro than cisplatin. Mechanism studies indicated that complexes 5 and 6 induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest through DNA damage, and induced apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress response. In addition, complex 5 also induced cell apoptosis via mitochondrial dysfunction. Complexes 5 and 6 showed low in vivo toxicity and high tumor growth inhibitory activity in mouse tumor models. The inhibitory effect of rhodium complex 5 on tumor growth in vivo was more pronounced than that of palladium complex 6.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qiong Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; School of Environment and Life Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Meng-Xue Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qi-Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; School of Environment and Life Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Kun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Huan-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Mei-Qi Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang C, Zhang H, Yang Y, Liu H, Chen J, Wang Y, Liang L, Hu H, Liu Y. Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, RNA-sequence and anticancer efficacy evaluation in vitro of ruthenium(II) complexes on B16 cells. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 247:112329. [PMID: 37478780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the studies of the ruthenium(II) complexes on anticancer activity have been paid great attention, many Ru(II) complexes possess high anticancer efficiency. In this paper, three ligands CPIP (2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), DCPIP (2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), TCPIP (2-(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline) and their three ruthenium (II) complexes [Ru(dip)2(CPIP)](PF6)2 (1, dip = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), [Ru(dip)2(DCPIP)](PF6)2 (2) and [Ru(dip)2(TCPIP)](PF6)2 (3) were synthesized and characterized. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to investigate in vitro cytotoxicity of complexes against various cancer cells. The results showed that complexes 1-3 exhibited pronounced cytotoxic effect on B16 cells with low IC50 values of 7.2 ± 0.1, 11.7 ± 0.6 and 1.2 ± 0.2 μM, respectively. The 3D model demonstrated that the complexes can validly prevent the cell proliferation. Apoptosis determined using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining revealed that complexes 1-3 can effectively induce apoptosis in B16 cells. The intracellular localization of 1-3 in the mitochondria, the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as the decline of mitochondrial membrane potential were investigated, which demonstrated that the complexes 1-3 led to apoptosis via a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. The RNA-sequence indicated that the complexes upregulate the expression of 74 genes and downregulate the expression of 81 genes. The molecular docking showed that the complexes interact with the proteins through hydrogen bond, π-cation and π-π interaction. The results show that ruthenium(II) complexes 1, 2 and 3 can block tumor cell growth and induce cell death through autophagy and ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Huiwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China.
| | - Haimei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lijuan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Huiyan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topic Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bel’skaya LV, Gundyrev IA, Solomatin DV. The Role of Amino Acids in the Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7513-7537. [PMID: 37754258 PMCID: PMC10527988 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the role of amino acids in the diagnosis, risk assessment, imaging, and treatment of breast cancer. It was shown that the content of individual amino acids changes in breast cancer by an average of 10-15% compared with healthy controls. For some amino acids (Thr, Arg, Met, and Ser), an increase in concentration is more often observed in breast cancer, and for others, a decrease is observed (Asp, Pro, Trp, and His). The accuracy of diagnostics using individual amino acids is low and increases when a number of amino acids are combined with each other or with other metabolites. Gln/Glu, Asp, Arg, Leu/Ile, Lys, and Orn have the greatest significance in assessing the risk of breast cancer. The variability in the amino acid composition of biological fluids was shown to depend on the breast cancer phenotype, as well as the age, race, and menopausal status of patients. In general, the analysis of changes in the amino acid metabolism in breast cancer is a promising strategy not only for diagnosis, but also for developing new therapeutic agents, monitoring the treatment process, correcting complications after treatment, and evaluating survival rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
| | - Ivan A. Gundyrev
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
| | - Denis V. Solomatin
- Department of Mathematics and Mathematics Teaching Methods, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644043 Omsk, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Del Pino JMV, Scalambra F, Bermejo-Casadesús C, Massaguer A, García-Maroto F, Romerosa A. Study of the biological activity of photoactive bipyridyl-Ru(II) complexes containing 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA). J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112291. [PMID: 37352655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The water-soluble ruthenium complex cis-[Ru(dcbpyH)2(PTAH)2]Cl2·3H2O (1) (dcbpy = 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine; PTA = 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane) has been synthesized and characterised by NMR, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The optical properties of 1 were studied, including photoactivation under visible light, as well as its biological properties, together with those of the previously published Ru complexes cis-[Ru(bpy)2(PTA)2]Cl2 (2), trans-[Ru(bpy)2(PTA)2](CF3SO3)2 (3) and cis-[Ru(bpy)2(H2O)(PTA)](CF3SO3)2 (4) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). Anticancer activities of the complexes against human lung (A549), cervical (HeLa) and prostate (PC3) carcinoma cells were evaluated under dark conditions and upon photoactivation with visible light. None of the complexes exhibited cytotoxic activity in the absence of light irradiation (IC50 > 100 μM). However, after photoactivation, the cytotoxicity of complexes 1, 2 and 3 against the three cell lines markedly increased, resulting in IC50 values between 25.3 μM and 9.3 μM. Notably, these complexes did not show toxicity against red blood cells. These findings show the potential of complexes 1, 2 and, particularly, 3 for selective and controlled cancer photochemotherapy. The reactivity of the Ru complexes against DNA under UV-Vis irradiation was studied by analysing plasmid mobility. Experimental data shows that 4 unfolds supercoiled DNA (SC DNA) both in the dark and under visible irradiation, while 1 and 3 are only active under light, being 2 inactive in either case. The unfolding activities of complexes 3 and 4 were dependent on the air present in the reaction. The measured intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation with complexes 1, 2 and 3 suggest that their mechanism of action is related to oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Franco Scalambra
- Área de Química Inorgánica-CIESOL, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain
| | | | - Anna Massaguer
- Departament de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Romerosa
- Área de Química Inorgánica-CIESOL, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, Li W, Yang Y, Zhong R, Hu H, Huang C, Chen J, Liang L, Liu Y. Significant increase of anticancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo of liposome entrapped ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 257:115541. [PMID: 37295162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(DIP)2(BIP)](PF6)2 (DIP = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthrolie, BIP = 2-(1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Ru1) and [Ru(DIP)2(CBIP)](PF6)2 (CBIP = 2-(4'-chloro-1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Ru2) were synthesized. The cytotoxic activities in vitro of Ru1, Ru2 toward B16, A549, HepG2, SGC-7901, HeLa, BEL-7402, non-cancer LO2 were investigated using MTT method (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole)-2,5-diphenltetraazolium bromide). Unexpectedly, Ru1, Ru2 can't prevent these cancer cells proliferation. To improve the anti-cancer effect, we used liposomes to entrap the complexes Ru1, Ru2 to form Ru1lipo, Ru2lipo. As expectation, Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo exhibit high anti-cancer efficacy, especially, Ru1lipo (IC50 3.4 ± 0.1 μM), Ru2lipo (IC50 3.5 ± 0.1 μM) display strong ability to block the cell proliferation in SGC-7901. The cell colony, wound healing, and cell cycle distribution show that the complexes can validly inhibit the cell growth at G2/M phase. Apoptotic studied with Annex V/PI doubling method showed that Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo can effectively induce apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde, glutathione and GPX4 demonstrate that Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo improve ROS and malondialdehyde levels, inhibit generation of glutathione, and finally result in a ferroptosis. Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo interact on the lysosomes and mitochondria and damage mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo increase intracellular Ca2+ concentration and induce autophagy. The RNA-sequence and molecular docking were performed, the expression of Bcl-2 family was investigated by Western blot analysis. Antitumor in vivo experiments confirm that 1.23 mg/kg, 2.46 mg/kg of Ru1lipo possesses a high inhibitory rate of 53.53% and 72.90% to prevent tumor growth, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) results show that Ru1lipo doesn't cause chronic organ damage and strongly promotes the necrosis of solid tumor. Taken together, we conclude that Ru1lipo and Ru2lipo cause cell death through the following pathways: autophagy, ferroptosis, ROS-regulated mitochondrial dysfunction, and blocking the PI3K/AKT/mTOR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichuan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Wenlong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 510317, PR China.
| | - Ruitong Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Huiyan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Lijuan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang K, Wu D, Chang L, Duan W, Wang Y, Li W, Qin J. Cellulose based self-healing hydrogel through Boronic Ester connections for wound healing and antitumor applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123294. [PMID: 36649869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The application of biodegradable hydrogels in medical field has drawn great attention because their networked structure provided ideal spaces for drug loading and cell growth. In this research, the boronic acid was coupled onto carboxyethyl cellulose (CMC) to synthesize boronic acid grafted CMC (CMC-BA) conveniently and self-healing hydrogel was fabricated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) crosslinking through dynamic boronic ester bond. The CMC-BA/PVA hydrogel showed good biocompatibility and could be degraded by cellulase and in vivo. The hydrogel formed fast fit for localized injection to cover the irregular wounds and localize the antitumor drugs to the tumor site. The in vivo wound repairing experiment revealed the hydrogel could form airtight adhesion to the wound site to reduce blood loss and accelerate the wound repairing rate. The hydrogel as a drug release carrier also reduced the acute in vivo toxicity of DOX with antitumor performance well preserved through a controlled release profile. Based on the above advantages, the CMC-based hydrogel with boronic ester connection should have great potential in biomedical areas with profitable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Limin Chang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Wenhao Duan
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Jianglei Qin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liang L, Wu X, Shi C, Wen H, Wu S, Chen J, Huang C, Wang Y, Liu Y. Synthesis and characterization of polypyridine ruthenium(II) complexes and anticancer efficacy studies in vivo and in vitro. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111963. [PMID: 35988387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this article, ligand IPP (IPP = 4-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline) and its three Ru(II) complexes: [Ru(bpy)2(IPP)](ClO4)2 (1) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), [Ru(dmbpy)2(IPP)](ClO4)2 (2) (dmbpy = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine), and [Ru(phen)2(IPP)](ClO4)2 (3) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized. The anticancer activity in vitro of the complexes was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The scratching and colony-forming experiments confirmed the complexes 1, 2, 3 interfered with the proliferation and migration ability of cells. The accumulation of the complexes in cells was researched and we found that these complexes directly accumulated in mitochondria, then the complexes cause a decline of the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The growth of B16 cells were inhibited by 1, 2 and 3 at G0/G1 phase. Apoptosis was induced through mitochondrial pathway and the expression of apoptosis-related factors was regulated. In addition, the complexes promoted the transition of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) into the cleaved form (Cleaved PARP), downregulated the anti-apoptotic proteins, and upregulated the pro-apoptotic proteins. Consequently, complexes 1, 2 and 3 exerted their anticancer activity by regulating B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins. Complex 2 showed excellent antitumor effects with a high inhibitory rate of 65.95% in vivo. Taken together, the complexes cause apoptosis in B16 cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chuanling Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haoyu Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shouhai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
In Vitro and In Vivo Relevant Antineoplastic Activity of Platinum(II) Complexes toward Triple-Negative MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102013. [PMID: 36297448 PMCID: PMC9609024 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two platinum complexes [Pt(HL3)Cl]·H2O (3) and [Pt(HL4)Cl]·H2O (4) containing α- and β-naphthyl groups, respectively, were investigated in more detail in vitro and in vivo for antineoplastic activity. The cytotoxicity activity induced by these platinum(II) compounds against breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7), lung (A549), prostate (PC3), pancreas (BXPC-3), and normal peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC) cells were evaluated by MTT assay. The cell viability MTT assay showed that complex (4) was more cytotoxic to all cancer cell lines tested and less cytotoxic against human PBMC. Therefore, complex (4) was selected to further investigate the mechanism of cytotoxic effects involved against MDA-MB-231 cell line (human triple-negative breast cancer). Sub-G1 analysis of the cell cycle showed that this complex induces cell death by apoptosis due to the cell loss of DNA content detected in flow cytometry. The cytotoxic effect induced by complex (4) was associated with the capability of the complex to induce mitochondrial membrane depolarization, as well as increase ROS levels and caspase activation, as a result of the activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Ultrastructural alterations were observed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), such as membrane blebbing, filopodia reduction, empty mitochondrial matrix, and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, complex (4) was tested in an MDA-MB-231 tumor nodule xenograft murine model and demonstrated a remarkable reduction in tumor size in BALB/c nude mice, when compared to the control animals.
Collapse
|
13
|
Patra D, Pal A, Nath S, Kundu R, Drew MGB, Ghosh T. Insights into the transformation of VO 2+ motif to VO 3+, V 2O 34+ and VO 2+ motifs and their interconversion along with a detailed mechanistic study of their anti-cancer activity in SiHa cervical cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 234:111900. [PMID: 35717882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The basic criteria for the formation of complexes with VO3+, V2O34+ and VO2+ motifs from the VO2+ motif and their interconversion were explored utilizing two multidentate O,N-donor hydrazone ligands namely, E-2-Hydroxy-N'-(4-oxopentan-2-ylidine)benzohydrazide (H3L1) and E-2-Hydroxy-N'-(4-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-ylidine)benzohydrazide (H3L2), derived from the condensation of 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazide with acetylacetone and benzoylacetone respectively. Under aerobic condition, the possibility of forming complexes with different motifs in different solvents with varying pH was examined theoretically by computational methods with results that were verified experimentally. This study reveals that under aerobic condition, complexes with VO3+ (1,2) and V2O34+ (3, 4) motifs were formed in protic CH3OH and neutral CHCl3 solvent respectively while the formation of complexes (5-14) with VO2+ motif required protic CH3OH solvent and higher pH (≥ 7). Interconversion of VO3+, V2O34+ and VO2+ motifs are associated with specific acid-base equilibria, substantiated by 51V NMR titrations. Complexes containing these three motifs exhibited promising in vitro anticancer activity in SiHa cervical cancer cells without affecting healthy cells; among them complexes (5-14) with VO2+ motif are more potent. A detailed systematic mechanistic study was carried out, utilizing the two most potent complexes 5 and 6 (IC50 = 13, 6 μM respectively), which indicates that cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative activity of these complexes are manifested through oxidative stress induced apoptotic pathways (caspase mediated).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debashis Patra
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata 700118, India
| | - Asmita Pal
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballyguange Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Sonali Nath
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballyguange Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Rita Kundu
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballyguange Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Michael G B Drew
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Reading, PO Box 224, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AD, UK
| | - Tapas Ghosh
- Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata 700118, India.
| |
Collapse
|