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Bu FZ, Meng SS, Wang LY, Wu ZY, Li YT. Bifonazole caffeate: The first molecular salt of bifonazole with enhanced biopharmaceutical property based on experiments and quantum chemistry research. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 317:124403. [PMID: 38710138 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In order to make novel breakthroughs in molecular salt studies of BCS class-IV antifungal medication bifonazole (BIF), a salification-driven strategy towards ameliorating attributes and aiding augment efficiency is raised. This strategy fully harnesses structural characters together attributes and benefits of caffeic acid (CAF) to concurrently enhance dissolvability and permeability of BIF by introducing the two ingredients into the identical molecular salt lattice through the salification reaction, which, coupled with the aroused potential activity of CAF significantly amplifies the antifungal efficacy of BIF. Guided by this route, the first BIF-organic molecular salt, BIF-CAF, is directionally designed and synthesized with satisfactorily structural characterizations and integrated theoretical and experimental explorations on the pharmaceutical properties. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction resolving confirms that there is a lipid-water amphiphilic sandwich structure constructed by robust charge-assistant hydrogen bonds in the salt crystal, endowing the molecular salt with the potential to enhance both dissolvability and permeability relative to the parent drug, which is validated by experimental evaluations. Remarkably, the comprehensive DFT-based theoretical investigations covering frontier molecular orbital, molecular electrostatic potential, Hirshfeld surface analysis, reduced density gradient, topology, sphericity and planarity analysis strongly support these observations, thereby allowing some positive relationships between macroscopic properties and microstructures of the molecular salt can be made. Intriguingly, the optimal properties, together with the stimulated activity of CAF markedly augment in vitro antifungal ability of the molecular salt, with magnifying inhibition zones and reducing minimum inhibitory concentrations. These findings fill in the gaps on researches of BIF-organic molecular salt, and adequately exemplify the feasibility and validity by integrating theoretical and experimental approaches to resolve BIF's problems via the salification-driven tactic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Zhi Bu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science, Qingdao, Shandong 266234, PR China
| | - Su-Su Meng
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, PR China
| | - Ling-Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, 266075, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science, Qingdao, Shandong 266234, PR China.
| | - Yan-Tuan Li
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science, Qingdao, Shandong 266234, PR China.
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Cortat Y, Zobi F. Resurgence and Repurposing of Antifungal Azoles by Transition Metal Coordination for Drug Discovery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2398. [PMID: 37896159 PMCID: PMC10609764 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordination compounds featuring one or more antifungal azole (AA) ligands constitute an interesting family of candidate molecules, given their medicinal polyvalence and the viability of drug complexation as a strategy to improve and repurpose available medications. This review reports the work performed in the field of coordination derivatives of AAs synthesized for medical purposes by discussing the corresponding publications and emphasizing the most promising compounds discovered so far. The resulting overview highlights the efficiency of AAs and their metallic species, as well as the potential still lying in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Zobi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland;
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Cortat Y, Nedyalkova M, Schindler K, Kadakia P, Demirci G, Nasiri Sovari S, Crochet A, Salentinig S, Lattuada M, Steiner OM, Zobi F. Computer-Aided Drug Design and Synthesis of Rhenium Clotrimazole Antimicrobial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030619. [PMID: 36978486 PMCID: PMC10044843 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of the global health issue caused by the growing occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), the need for novel antimicrobial agents is becoming alarming. Inorganic and organometallic complexes represent a relatively untapped source of antibiotics. Here, we report a computer-aided drug design (CADD) based on a 'scaffold-hopping' approach for the synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of fac-Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes bearing clotrimazole (ctz) as a monodentate ligand. The prepared molecules were selected following a pre-screening in silico analysis according to modification of the 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) ligand in the coordination sphere of the complexes. CADD pointed to chiral 4,5-pinene and 5,6-pinene bipyridine derivatives as the most promising candidates. The corresponding complexes were synthesized, tested toward methicillin-sensitive and -resistant S. aureus strains, and the obtained results evaluated with regard to their binding affinity with a homology model of the S. aureus MurG enzyme. Overall, the title species revealed very similar minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values as those of the reference compound used as the scaffold in our approach. The obtained docking scores advocate the viability of 'scaffold-hopping' for de novo design, a potential strategy for more cost- and time-efficient discovery of new antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youri Cortat
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Miroslava Nedyalkova
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Kevin Schindler
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Parth Kadakia
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gozde Demirci
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sara Nasiri Sovari
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Crochet
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Salentinig
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Olimpia Mamula Steiner
- Haute école d'Ingénierie et d'Architecture, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland HES-SO, Pérolles 80, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Zobi
- Department of Chemistry, Fribourg University, Chemin Du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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Liu L, Chen J, Wang MM, Huang Y, Qian Y, Xue X, Su Z, Liu HK. The cyclometalated iridium (III) complex based on 9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid as a lysosomal-targeted anticancer agent. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 235:111913. [PMID: 35905643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
9-Anthracenecarboxylic acid (9-Ac) was reported early as a chloride channel inhibitor and was found to exhibit significant anti-proliferative activity on leukemic cells, but has not been researched in solid tumor cells. Herein, a 9-anthraceneic acid derivative was introduced into the cyclometalated Iridium (III) species to construct a novel Iridium (Ir) complex Ir-9-Ac, [Ir(ppy)2(9-Ac-L)]PF6 (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, 9-Ac-L = N-((4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridin]-4-yl)methyl)anthracene-9-carboxamide), which could accumulated in lysosomes. Ir-9-Ac showed good cytotoxic activity against several tumor cell lines, notably on A549 cells. Besides Ir-9-Ac could inhibit the cell colony formation and growth of the 3D cell spheroids, demonstrating the potential to suppress tumors in vivo. This design provided a platform for the design of cyclometalated Iridium (III) anticancer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanlei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Qian
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuling Xue
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhi Su
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hong-Ke Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Taghizadeh Shool M, Amiri Rudbari H, Gil-Antón T, Cuevas-Vicario JV, García B, Busto N, Moini N, Blacque O. The effect of halogenation of salicylaldehyde on the antiproliferative activities of {Δ/Λ-[Ru(bpy) 2(X,Y-sal)]BF 4} complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7658-7672. [PMID: 35510940 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are widely used in biological fields, due to their physico-chemical and photophysical properties. In this paper, a series of new chiral Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes (1-5) with the general formula {Δ/Λ-[Ru(bpy)2(X,Y-sal)]BF4} (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridyl; X,Y-sal = 5-bromosalicylaldehyde (1), 3,5-dibromosalicylaldehyde (2), 5-chlorosalicylaldehyde (3), 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehyde (4) and 3-bromo-5-chlorosalicylaldehy (5)) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy. Also, the structures of complexes 1 and 5 were determined by X-ray crystallography; these results showed that the central Ru atom adopts a distorted octahedral coordination sphere with two bpy and one halogen-substituted salicylaldehyde. DFT and TD-DFT calculations have been performed to explain the excited states of these complexes. The singlet states with higher oscillator strength are correlated with the absorption signals and are mainly described as 1MLCT from the ruthenium centre to the bpy ligands. The lowest triplet states (T1) are described as 3MLCT from the ruthenium center to the salicylaldehyde ligand. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the observed unstructured band at around 520 nm for complexes 2, 4 and 5. Biological studies on human cancer cells revealed that dihalogenated ligands endow the Ru(II) complexes with enhanced cytotoxicity compared to monohalogenated ligands. In addition, as far as the type of halogen is concerned, bromine is the halogen that provides the highest cytotoxicity to the synthesized complexes. All complexes induce cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and apoptosis, but only complexes bearing Br are able to provoke an increase in intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Tania Gil-Antón
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - José V Cuevas-Vicario
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain.
| | - Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain. .,Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Burgos, Hospital Militar, Paseo de los Comendadores, s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Nakisa Moini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry Alzahra University, P.O. Box 1993891176, Vanak Tehran, Iran
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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