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Cardoso MA, Brito TFD, Brito IADA, Berni MA, Coelho VL, Pane A. The Neglected Virome of Triatomine Insects. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2022.828712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Triatominae subfamily (Reduviidae) harbors some hematophagous insect species that have been firmly connected to the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Triatomines not only host and transmit trypanosomatids, but also coexist with a variety of symbiotic microorganisms that generally reside in the insect’s intestinal flora. The microbiome has profound effects on the physiology, immunity, fitness and survival of animals and plants. The interaction between triatomines and bacteria has been investigated to some extent and has revealed important bacteria symbionts. In contrast, the range of viral species that can infect triatomine insects is almost completely unknown. In some cases, genomic and metatranscriptomic approaches have uncovered sequences related to possible viral genomes, but, to date, only eight positive single-strand RNA viruses, namely Triatoma virus and Rhodnius prolixus viruses 1 - 7 have been investigated in more detail. Here, we review the literature available on triatomine viruses and the viruses-insect host relationship. The lack of broader metagenomic and metatranscriptomic studies in these medically relevant insects underscores the importance of expanding our knowledge of the triatomine virome both for surveillance purposes as well as to possibly harness their potential for insect vector population control strategies.
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Marti GA, Bonica MB, Susevich ML, Reynaldi F, Micieli MV, Echeverría MG. Host range of Triatoma virus does not extend to Aedes aegypti and Apis mellifera. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 173:107383. [PMID: 32298695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vector control is the most effective method to prevent transmission of Chagas disease. Control is mostly made through chemical insecticides although they have negative impact on wild pollinators, such as bees. Reducing pesticide use through biological alternatives could minimize the damage to these beneficial insects. Triatoma virus (TrV) is a pathogen able to kill triatomines and thus a valid candidate to be used as biological control agent. In this study we evaluate the capacity of TrV to infect an important beneficial insect (Apis mellifera) as well as a plague insect (Aedes aegypti). Results indicate that TrV does not infect the bees or mosquitoes tested in this study. The possible specificity of TrV for kissing bugs reinforces the possible use of TrV as a biological control agent for triatomines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Aníbal Marti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Melisa Berenice Bonica
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Laura Susevich
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (UNLP), 60 y 118, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata - CONICET, 8 #1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Francisco Reynaldi
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (UNLP), 60 y 118, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata - CONICET, 8 #1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Micieli
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 s/n e/60 y 64, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Echeverría
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (UNLP), 60 y 118, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata - CONICET, 8 #1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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Nevoa JC, Mendes MT, da Silva MV, Soares SC, Oliveira CJF, Ribeiro JMC. An insight into the salivary gland and fat body transcriptome of Panstrongylus lignarius (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), the main vector of Chagas disease in Peru. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006243. [PMID: 29462134 PMCID: PMC5834209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Triatomines are hematophagous arthropod vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas Disease. Panstrongylus lignarius, also known as Panstrongylus herreri, is considered one of the most versatile triatomines because it can parasitize different hosts, it is found in different habitats and countries, it has sylvatic, peridomestic and domestic behavior and it is a very important vector of Chagas disease, especially in Peru. Molecules produced and secreted by salivary glands and fat body are considered of important adaptational value for triatomines because, among other functions, they subvert the host haemostatic, inflammatory and immune systems and detoxify or protect them against environmental aggressors. In this context, the elucidation of the molecules produced by these tissues is highly valuable to understanding the ability of this species to adapt and transmit pathogens. Here, we use high-throughput sequencing techniques to assemble and describe the coding sequences resulting from the transcriptome of the fat body and salivary glands of P. lignarius. The final assembly of both transcriptomes together resulted in a total of 11,507 coding sequences (CDS), which were mapped from a total of 164,676,091 reads. The CDS were subdivided according to their 10 folds overexpression on salivary glands (513 CDS) or fat body (2073 CDS). Among the families of proteins found in the salivary glands, lipocalins were the most abundant. Other ubiquitous families of proteins present in other sialomes were also present in P. lignarius, including serine protease inhibitors, apyrase and antigen-5. The unique transcriptome of fat body showed proteins related to the metabolic function of this organ. Remarkably, nearly 20% of all reads mapped to transcripts coded by Triatoma virus. The data presented in this study improve the understanding on triatomines' salivary glands and fat body function and reveal important molecules used in the interplay between vectors and vertebrate hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Nevoa
- Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria T. Mendes
- University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America
| | - Marcos V. da Silva
- Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Siomar C. Soares
- Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlo J. F. Oliveira
- Institute of Natural and Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Immunology, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José M. C. Ribeiro
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research (LMVR), Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Marti GA, Ragone P, Balsalobre A, Ceccarelli S, Susevich ML, Diosque P, Echeverría MG, Rabinovich JE. Can Triatoma virus inhibit infection of Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909) in Triatoma infestans (Klug)? A cross infection and co-infection study. J Invertebr Pathol 2017; 150:101-105. [PMID: 28962837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Triatoma virus occurs infecting Triatominae in the wild (Argentina) and in insectaries (Brazil). Pathogenicity of Triatoma virus has been demonstrated in laboratory; accidental infections in insectaries produce high insect mortality. When more than one microorganism enters the same host, the biological interaction among them differs greatly depending on the nature and the infection order of the co-existing species of microorganisms. We studied the possible interactions between Triatoma virus (TrV) and Trypanosoma cruzi (the etiological agent of Chagas disease) in three different situations: (i) when Triatoma virus is inoculated into an insect host (Triatoma infestans) previously infected with T. cruzi, (ii) when T. cruzi is inoculated into T. infestans previously infected with TrV, and (iii) when TrV and T. cruzi are inoculated simultaneously into the same T. infestans individual. Trypanosoma cruzi infection was found in 57% of insects in the control group for T. cruzi, whereas 85% of insects with previous TrV infection were infected with T. cruzi. TrV infection was found in 78.7% of insects in the control group for TrV, whereas insects previously infected with T. cruzi showed 90% infection with TrV. A total of 67.9% of insects presented simultaneous infection with both types of microorganism. Our results suggest that TrV infection could increase adhesion of T. cruzi to the intestinal cells of triatomines, but presence of T. cruzi in intestinal cells would not increase the possibility of entry of TrV into cells. Although this study cannot explain the mechanism through which TrV facilitates the infection of triatomines with T. cruzi, we conclude that after TrV replication, changes at cellular level should occur that increase the adhesion of T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Aníbal Marti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata, 8#1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Paula Ragone
- Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular del Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
| | - Agustín Balsalobre
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata, 8#1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Soledad Ceccarelli
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata, 8#1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Laura Susevich
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata, 8#1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Patricio Diosque
- Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular del Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Echeverría
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias (UNLP), 60 y 118, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata, 8#1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jorge Eduardo Rabinovich
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; CCT-La Plata, 8#1467, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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Gorla DE, Ortiz RV, Catalá SS. Control of rural house infestation by Triatoma infestans in the Bolivian Chaco using a microencapsulated insecticide formulation. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:255. [PMID: 25928071 PMCID: PMC4422534 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triatoma infestans, the main vector of Trypanosoma cruzi (causative agent of Chagas disease) has been successfully eliminated over much of its original geographic distribution over the southern cone countries of South America. However, populations of the species are still infesting houses of rural communities of the Gran Chaco region of Argentina and Bolivia. This study reports for the first time a large-scale effect of a vector control intervention using a microencapsulated formulation of organophosphates and insect growth regulator on house infestation by T. infestans, in the southwestern region of Santa Cruz de la Sierra Department, within the Bolivian chaco. Methods The vector control intervention included the treatment and entomological evaluation of 1626 individually coded and georeferenced houses with the microencapsulated formulation. House infestation by T. infestans was evaluated by active searches with fixed capture effort carried out before and after two, 16 and 32 months of the treatment application. Results House infestation prevalence was 30.5% before the intervention, spatially aggregated in two clusters of 38 and 25 localities that showed 41% and 38% house infestation by T. infestans. Infestation prevalence was reduced to 2.4% two months after the intervention and remained very low (1.7%) until the end of the study after 32 months of the control intervention, without any other additional vector control intervention. Conclusions The obtained results show an important long lasting effect on house protection against triatomine infestation in a region of known pyrethroid resistant populations of T. infestans, as the result of the slow release of the active ingredients, protected by the formulation microcapsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eladio Gorla
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica. CRILAR-CONICET, 5201, Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina.
| | - Roberto Vargas Ortiz
- Programa Chagas, Servicio Departamental de Salud, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.
| | - Silvia Susana Catalá
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica. CRILAR-CONICET, 5201, Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina.
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Susevich ML, Marti GA, Balsalobre A, Echeverría MG. Phylogenetics based on partial ORF2 of triatoma virus in triatomines collected over a decade from domiciliary habitats. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2015; 15:ieu139. [PMID: 25797795 PMCID: PMC4535133 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieu139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The only virus sequenced and studied in triatomines is the Triatoma virus, from the Dicistroviridae family, which causes delayed development, reduced oviposition, and premature death of infected insects. With the goal of expanding the sequences already obtained in previous years and verifying if any changes occurred in their genomic sequences, 68 samples of triatomines from several provinces of Argentina were analyzed. Sixteen positive samples were obtained by Reverse Transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction using the VP3-VP1 subregion of open reading frame-2 as a diagnostic method; after sequencing, 11 samples were obtained from Triatoma infestans. These new sequences showed no significant differences in the analyzed regions, which were not grouped by species or habitat or geographical distribution. There were no differences when compared with the sequences found during 2002-2012, all obtained from the wild. We conclude that despite being an RNA virus, the different sequences show high homology.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Susevich
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), 2 #584, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Aníbal Marti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), 2 #584, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
| | - Agustín Balsalobre
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET-UNLP), 2 #584, (1900) La Plata, Argentina
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Ceccarelli S, Balsalobre A, Susevich ML, Echeverria MG, Gorla DE, Marti GA. Modelling the potential geographic distribution of triatomines infected by Triatoma virus in the southern cone of South America. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:153. [PMID: 25881183 PMCID: PMC4367828 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatoma virus (TrV) is the only entomopathogenous virus identified in triatomines. We estimated the potential geographic distribution of triatomine species naturally infected by TrV, using remotely sensed and meteorological environmental variables, to predict new potential areas where triatomines infected with TrV may be found. METHODS Detection of TrV infection in samples was performed with RT-PCR. Ecological niche models (ENM) were constructed using the MaxEnt software. We used 42 environmental variables derived from remotely sensed imagery (AVHRR) and 19 bioclimatic variables (Bioclim). The MaxEnt Jackknife procedure was used to minimize the number of environmental variables that showed an influence on final models. The goodness of fit of the model predictions was evaluated by the mean area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS We obtained 37 samples of 7 species of triatomines naturally infected with TrV. Of the TrV positive samples, 32% were from sylvatic habitat, 46% came from peridomicile habitats and 22% from domicile habitats. Five of the seven infected species were found only in the sylvatic habitat, one species only in the domicile and only Triatoma infestans was found in the three habitats. The MaxEnt model estimated with the Bioclim dataset identified five environmental variables as best predictors: temperature annual range, mean diurnal range, mean temperature of coldest quarter, temperature seasonality and annual mean temperature. The model using the AVHRR dataset identified six environmental variables: minimum Land Surface Temperature (LST), minimum Middle Infrared Radiation (MIR), LST annual amplitude, MIR annual amplitude annual, LST variance and MIR variance. The potential geographic distribution of triatomine species infected by TrV coincides with the Chaco and the Monte ecoregions either modelled by AVHRR or Bioclim environmental datasets. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the conditions of the Dry Chaco ecoregion in Argentina are favourable for the infection of triatomine species with TrV, and open the possibility of its use as a potential agent for the biological control of peridomestic and/or sylvatic triatomine species. Results identify areas of potential occurrence that should be verified in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Ceccarelli
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET - UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Agustín Balsalobre
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET - UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - María Laura Susevich
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET - UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - María Gabriela Echeverria
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, (CONICET), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - David Eladio Gorla
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica (CRILAR - CONICET), La Rioja, Argentina.
| | - Gerardo Aníbal Marti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET - UNLP), Boulevard 120 e/61 y 62, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
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Querido JFB, Echeverría MG, Marti GA, Costa RM, Susevich ML, Rabinovich JE, Copa A, Montaño NA, Garcia L, Cordova M, Torrico F, Sánchez-Eugenia R, Sánchez-Magraner L, Muñiz-Trabudua X, López-Marijuan I, Rozas-Dennis GS, Diosque P, de Castro AM, Robello C, Rodríguez JS, Altcheh J, Salazar-Schettino PM, Bucio MI, Espinoza B, Guérin DMA, Silva MS. Seroprevalence of Triatoma virus (Dicistroviridae: Cripaviridae) antibodies in Chagas disease patients. Parasit Vectors 2015; 8:29. [PMID: 25595198 PMCID: PMC4351825 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-015-0632-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and humans acquire the parasite by exposure to contaminated feces from hematophagous insect vectors known as triatomines. Triatoma virus (TrV) is the sole viral pathogen of triatomines, and is transmitted among insects through the fecal-oral route and, as it happens with T. cruzi, the infected insects release the virus when defecating during or after blood uptake. METHODS In this work, we analysed the occurrence of anti-TrV antibodies in human sera from Chagas disease endemic and non-endemic countries, and developed a mathematical model to estimate the transmission probability of TrV from insects to man, which ranged between 0.00053 and 0.0015. RESULTS Our results confirm that people with Chagas disease living in Bolivia, Argentina and Mexico have been exposed to TrV, and that TrV is unable to replicate in human hosts. CONCLUSIONS We presented the first experimental evidence of antibodies against TrV structural proteins in human sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jailson F B Querido
- Centre for Malaria and Tropical Diseases, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - María G Echeverría
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Gerardo A Marti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT- La Plata -CONICET - UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Rita Medina Costa
- Centre for Malaria and Tropical Diseases, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - María L Susevich
- Cátedra de Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP-CONICET), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Jorge E Rabinovich
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT- La Plata -CONICET - UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Aydee Copa
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular IIBISMED, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
| | - Nair A Montaño
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular IIBISMED, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
| | - Lineth Garcia
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular IIBISMED, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
| | - Marisol Cordova
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
| | - Faustino Torrico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Gabriela S Rozas-Dennis
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, and Grupo Biofísica, Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Patricio Diosque
- Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular del Instituto de Patología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
| | - Ana M de Castro
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Robello
- Unidad de Biología Molecular Instituto Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | | | - Jaime Altcheh
- Parasitologia-Chagas, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Paz M Salazar-Schettino
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina (LBP-DMP-FM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, México.
| | - Marta I Bucio
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina (LBP-DMP-FM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, México.
| | - Bertha Espinoza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de México, Mexico City, DF, México.
| | - Diego M A Guérin
- Unidad de Biofísica (UBF, CSIC, UPV-EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain. .,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del País Vasco (EHU/UPV), Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Marcelo Sousa Silva
- Centre for Malaria and Tropical Diseases, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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Marti GA, Balsalobre A, Susevich ML, Rabinovich JE, Echeverría MG. Detection of triatomine infection by Triatoma virus and horizontal transmission: Protecting insectaries and prospects for biological control. J Invertebr Pathol 2015; 124:57-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Sánchez-Eugenia R, Méndez F, Querido JFB, Silva MS, Guérin DMA, Rodríguez JF. Triatoma virus structural polyprotein expression, processing and assembly into virus-like particles. J Gen Virol 2014; 96:64-73. [PMID: 25304655 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.071639-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the current wealth of structural information concerning dicistrovirus particle structure, very little is known about their morphogenetic pathways. Here, we describe the expression of the two ORFs encoded by the Triatoma virus (TrV) genome. TrV, a member of the Cripavirus genus of the Dicistroviridae family, infects blood-sucking insects belonging to the Triatominae subfamily that act as vectors for the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the aetiological agent of the Chagas disease. We have established a baculovirus-based model for the expression of the NS (non-structural) and P1 (structural) polyproteins. A preliminary characterization of the proteolytic processing of both polyprotein precursors has been performed using this system. We show that the proteolytic processing of the P1 polyprotein is strictly dependent upon the coexpression of the NS polyprotein, and that NS/P1 coexpression leads to the assembly of virus-like particles (VLPs) exhibiting a morphology and a protein composition akin to natural TrV empty capsids. Remarkably, the unprocessed P1 polypeptide assembles into quasi-spherical structures conspicuously larger than VLPs produced in NS/P1-coexpressing cells, likely representing a previously undescribed morphogenetic intermediate. This intermediate has not been found in members of the related Picornaviridae family currently used as a model for dicistrovirus studies, thus suggesting the existence of major differences in the assembly pathways of these two virus groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Sánchez-Eugenia
- Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Méndez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jailson F B Querido
- Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.,Fundación Biofísica Bizkaia, Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.,Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Marcelo Sousa Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Centro de Malária e Outras Doenças Tropicais, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira, 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diego M A Guérin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco (EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.,Unidad de Biofísica (CSIC, UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José F Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Celular, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-CSIC, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Marti GA, Echeverria MG, Waleckx E, Susevich ML, Balsalobre A, Gorla DE. Triatominae in furnariid nests of the Argentine Gran Chaco. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2014; 39:66-71. [PMID: 24820557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2014.12071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Triatomines (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are bloodsucking insects involved in the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, an important public health problem in Latin America. The triatomine species found in sylvatic habitats generally play a limited epidemiological role compared to domestic species, but they may act as a reinfestation source of dwellings after insecticide spraying and have to be carefully considered in control strategies of Chagas disease transmission. The objectives of this work were to carry out a survey of the sylvatic triatomine species colonizing Furnariidae nests in a typical area of the Chaco region of Argentina during the winter and to study the parasites and natural enemies associated with the collected triatomines. Sixty-three triatomine specimens were collected from Furnariidae nests (Coryphistera alaudina and Phacellodomus sibilatrix) randomly selected within the study area. Fifty-four were identified as Psammolestes coreodes, seven as Triatoma platensis, and two as Triatoma infestans. Specimens of T. infestans and T. platensis were found in one nest. The first finding of instar nymphs of T. infestans x T. platensis in a sylvatic habitat is reported. For the first time, sylvatic collected specimens of T. platensis were found infected by T. cruzi. Triatoma virus was found in one Ps. coreodes specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Marti
- Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE-CCT-La Plata-CONICET - UNLP) 2 # 584, 1900 La Plata, Argentina; Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencias Tecnológicas (CRILAR - CONICET), La Rioja, Argentina.
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Querido JFB, Agirre J, Marti GA, Guérin DMA, Silva MS. Inoculation of Triatoma virus (Dicistroviridae: Cripavirus) elicits a non-infective immune response in mice. Parasit Vectors 2013; 6:66. [PMID: 23497610 PMCID: PMC3605389 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dicistroviridae is a new family of small, non-enveloped, +ssRNA viruses pathogenic to both beneficial arthropods and insect pests. Little is known about the dicistrovirus replication mechanism or gene function, and any knowledge on these subjects comes mainly from comparisons with mammalian viruses from the Picornaviridae family. Due to its peculiar genome organization and characteristics of the per os viral transmission route, dicistroviruses make good candidates for use as biopesticides. Triatoma virus (TrV) is a pathogen of Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), one of the main vectors of the human trypanosomiasis disease called Chagas disease. TrV was postulated as a potential control agent against Chagas’ vectors. Although there is no evidence that TrV nor other dicistroviruses replicate in species outside the Insecta class, the innocuousness of these viruses in humans and animals needs to be ascertained. Methods In this study, RT-PCR and ELISA were used to detect the infectivity of this virus in Mus musculus BALB/c mice. Results In this study we have observed that there is no significant difference in the ratio IgG2a/IgG1 in sera from animals inoculated with TrV when compared with non-inoculated animals or mice inoculated only with non-infective TrV protein capsids. Conclusions We conclude that, under our experimental conditions, TrV is unable to replicate in mice. This study constitutes the first test to evaluate the infectivity of a dicistrovirus in a vertebrate animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jailson F B Querido
- Centre for Malaria and Tropical Diseases, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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