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Dong Y, Li T, Hou Y, Wilson K, Wang X, Su C, Li Y, Ren G, Xu P. Densovirus infection facilitates plant-virus transmission by an aphid. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:1539-1553. [PMID: 39021237 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The interactions among plant viruses, insect vectors, and host plants have been well studied; however, the roles of insect viruses in this system have largely been neglected. We investigated the effects of MpnDV infection on aphid and PVY transmission using bioassays, RNA interference (RNAi), and GC-MS methods and green peach aphid (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)), potato virus Y (PVY), and densovirus (Myzus persicae nicotianae densovirus, MpnDV) as model systems. MpnDV increased the activities of its host, promoting population dispersal and leading to significant proliferation in tobacco plants by significantly enhancing the titer of the sesquiterpene (E)-β-farnesene (EβF) via up-regulation of expression levels of the MpFPPS1 gene. The proliferation and dispersal of MpnDV-positive individuals were faster than that of MpnDV-negative individuals in PVY-infected tobacco plants, which promoted the transmission of PVY. These results combined showed that an insect virus may facilitate the transmission of a plant virus by enhancing the locomotor activity and population proliferation of insect vectors. These findings provide novel opportunities for controlling insect vectors and plant viruses, which can be used in the development of novel management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Kenneth Wilson
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Xiufang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chenyu Su
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Yunhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences and College of Agriculture, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Guangwei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Pengjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Pest Monitoring Controlling & Integrated Management, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
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2
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Wang H, Chen Q, Wei T. Complex interactions among insect viruses-insect vector-arboviruses. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:683-693. [PMID: 37877630 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Insects are the host or vector of diverse viruses including those that infect vertebrates, plants, and fungi. Insect viruses reside inside their insect hosts and are vertically transmitted from parent to offspring. The insect virus-host relationship is intricate, as these viruses can impact various aspects of insect biology, such as development, reproduction, sex ratios, and immunity. Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) that cause substantial global health or agricultural problems can also be vertically transmitted to insect vector progeny. Multiple infections with insect viruses and arboviruses are common in nature. Such coinfections involve complex interactions, including synergism, dependence, and antagonism. Recent studies have shed light on the influence of insect viruses on the competence of insect vectors for arboviruses. In this review, we focus on the biological effects of insect viruses on the transmission of arboviruses by insects. We also discuss the potential mechanisms by which insect viruses affect the ability of hosts to transmit arboviruses, as well as potential strategies for disease control through manipulation of insect viruses. Analyses of the interactions among insect vectors, insect viruses and arboviruses will provide new opportunities for development of innovative strategies to control arbovirus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Taiyun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Vector-borne Virus Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Liu L, Chen J, Jiang J, Liang J, Song Y, Chen Q, Yan F, Bai Z, Song Z, Liu J. Detection of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and five viruses in individual Asian citrus psyllid in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1357163. [PMID: 38379950 PMCID: PMC10877018 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1357163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri) is an important transmission vector of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas), the causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive citrus disease in the world. As there are currently no HLB-resistant rootstocks or varieties, the control of ACP is an important way to prevent HLB. Some viruses of insect vectors can be used as genetically engineered materials to control insect vectors. Methods To gain knowledge on viruses in ACP in China, the prevalence of five RNA and DNA viruses was successfully determined by optimizing reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in individual adult ACPs. The five ACP-associated viruses were identified as follows: diaphorina citri bunyavirus 2, which was newly identified by high-throughput sequencing in our lab, diaphorina citri reovirus (DcRV), diaphorina citri picorna-like virus (DcPLV), diaphorina citri bunyavirus (DcBV), and diaphorina citri densovirus-like virus (DcDV). Results DcPLV was the most prevalent and widespread ACP-associated virus, followed by DcBV, and it was detected in more than 50% of all samples tested. DcPLV was also demonstrated to propagate vertically and found more in salivary glands among different tissues. Approximately 60% of all adult insect samples were co-infected with more than one insect pathogen, including the five ACP-associated viruses and CLas. Discussion This is the first time these viruses, including the newly identified ACP-associated virus, have been detected in individual adult ACPs from natural populations in China's five major citrus-producing provinces. These results provide valuable information about the prevalence of ACP-associated viruses in China, some of which have the potential to be used as biocontrol agents. In addition, analysis of the change in prevalence of pathogens in a single insect vector is the basis for understanding the interactions between CLas, ACP, and insect viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqin Liu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Junyao Jiang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiamei Liang
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaqin Song
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guangxi Citrus Breeding and Cultivation Research Center of Engineering Technology, Guangxi, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuling Yan
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziqin Bai
- Fruit Research Institute, Guizhou Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhen Song
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinxiang Liu
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing, China
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Qi YH, Ye ZX, Zhang CX, Chen JP, Li JM. Diversity of RNA viruses in agricultural insects. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4312-4321. [PMID: 37711182 PMCID: PMC10497914 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and bioinformatics tools have revealed a vast array of viral diversity in insects, particularly RNA viruses. However, our current understanding of insect RNA viruses has primarily focused on hematophagous insects due to their medical importance, while research on the viromes of agriculturally relevant insects remains limited. This comprehensive review aims to address the gap by providing an overview of the diversity of RNA viruses in agricultural pests and beneficial insects within the agricultural ecosystem. Based on the NCBI Virus Database, over eight hundred RNA viruses belonging to 39 viral families have been reported in more than three hundred agricultural insect species. These viruses are predominantly found in the insect orders of Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, and Orthoptera. These findings have significantly enriched our understanding of RNA viral diversity in agricultural insects. While further virome investigations are necessary to expand our knowledge to more insect species, it is crucial to explore the biological roles of these identified RNA viruses within insects in future studies. This review also highlights the limitations and challenges for the effective virus discovery through NGS and their potential solutions, which might facilitate for the development of innovative bioinformatic tools in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hua Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhuang-Xin Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Buhlke EG, Hobbs AM, Rajput S, Rokusek B, Carlson DJ, Gillan C, Carlson KA. Characterization of Cross-Species Transmission of Drosophila melanogaster Nora Virus. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1913. [PMID: 36431048 PMCID: PMC9697521 DOI: 10.3390/life12111913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster Nora virus (DmNV) is a novel picorna-like virus first characterized in 2006. Since then, Nora virus has been detected in several non-Drosophila species, including insects in the Orders Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Orthoptera. The objective of this study was to determine if DmNV could infect individuals of other species of invertebrates besides D. melanogaster. The presence of DmNV in native invertebrates and commercially available stocks was determined. Laboratory-reared D. yakuba, D. mercatorum, Gryllodes sigillatus, Tenebrio molitor, Galleria mellonella, and Musca domestica were intentionally infected with DmNV. In addition, native invertebrates were collected and D. melanogaster stocks were purchased and screened for DmNV presence using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) before being intentionally infected for study. All Drosophila species and other invertebrates, except M. domestica, that were intentionally infected with DmNV ended up scoring positive for the virus via RT-PCR. DmNV infection was also detected in three native invertebrates (Spilosoma virginica, Diplopoda, and Odontotaenius disjunctus) and all commercially available stocks tested. These findings suggest that DmNV readily infects individuals of other species of invertebrates, while also appearing to be an endemic virus in both wild and laboratory D. melanogaster populations. The detection of DmNV in commercially available stocks presents a cautionary message for scientists using these stocks in studies of virology and immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella G. Buhlke
- Central City Senior High School, 1510 28th Street, Central City, NE 68826, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Alexis M. Hobbs
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Sunanda Rajput
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Blase Rokusek
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Darby J. Carlson
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Chelle Gillan
- Central City Senior High School, 1510 28th Street, Central City, NE 68826, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Carlson
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, 2401 11th Ave, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
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Li T, Li H, Wu Y, Li S, Yuan G, Xu P. Identification of a Novel Densovirus in Aphid, and Uncovering the Possible Antiviral Process During Its Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:905628. [PMID: 35757766 PMCID: PMC9218065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.905628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Densoviruses (DVs) are single-stranded DNA viruses and exclusively happen in invertebrates. Most of DVs reported in insects are pathogenic to their native hosts, however, no pathogenic effect of them has been examined in vertebrates. Hence, DVs are the potential agents used in pest managements. Aphids are the primary vectors of plant viruses. In this study, we identified a novel DV in Chinese Sitobion miscanthi population, provisionally named “Sitobion miscanthi densovirus” (SmDV). Taxonomically, SmDV belongs to genus Hemiambidensovirus. In S. miscanthi, SmDV is hosted in diverse cells and can be horizontally transmitted via wheat feeding. Subject to SmDV, aphids activate their intrinsic antiviral autophagy pathway. Grouped with ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, chlorophyll metabolism, p450 related drug metabolism, and retinoid metabolism, aphids form a complex immune network response to the infection of SmDV. Obviously, it works as elder aphids still alive even they contain the highest examined concentration of SmDV. This study provides a foundation for the identifications of novel DVs, and further improves the understanding of the molecular interactions between insects and DVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haichao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaojian Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guohui Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengjun Xu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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7
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Li T, Guan R, Wu Y, Chen S, Yuan G, Miao X, Li H. The Novel Agrotis ipsilon Nora Virus Confers Deleterious Effects to the Fitness of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Front Microbiol 2021; 12:727202. [PMID: 34867845 PMCID: PMC8634655 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.727202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we identified a novel, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus in the Chinese black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon. It has a genome length of 11,312 nucleotides, excluding the poly(A) tails, and contains five open reading frames. The ORF2 encodes the conserved domains of RNA helicase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, while ORF4 and 5 encode three viral proteins. Herein, the A. ipsilon virus was clustered with a Helicoverpa armigera Nora virus and was thus provisionally named “Agrotis ipsilon Nora virus” (AINV). AINV was successfully transmitted into a novel host, Spodoptera frugiperda, through injection, causing a stable infection. This found the possibility of horizontal AINV transmission among moths belonging to the same taxonomic family. Nonetheless, AINV infection was deleterious to S. frugiperda and mainly mediated by antiviral and amino acid metabolism-related pathways. Furthermore, the infection significantly increased the S. frugiperda larval period but significantly reduced its moth eclosion rate. It suggests that AINV is probably to be a parasitic virus of S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection/Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruobing Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection/Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Su Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohui Yuan
- Institute of Plant Protection/Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuexia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haichao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science/College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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8
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Paudel S, Mansfield S, Villamizar LF, Jackson TA, Marshall SDG. Can Biological Control Overcome the Threat From Newly Invasive Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle Populations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)? A Review. ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2021; 114:247-256. [PMID: 33732411 PMCID: PMC7953223 DOI: 10.1093/aesa/saaa057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB: Oryctes rhinoceros Linnaeus) is one of the most damaging pests to coconut and oil palms in Asia and the Pacific Islands. Adults bore into the crown and damage developing fronds, which affects tree development and yield. The insect is native to South and Southeast Asia and was inadvertently introduced into the Pacific in 1909. It has since spread to several Pacific island nations and territories, causing significant economic impact on these important coconut and palm-growing regions. In the 1950s and 1960s, an international biological control effort was initiated to search for and release natural enemy species. Release of the Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus Huger (OrNV) and the species complex of Metarhizium Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) was successful in controlling CRB in its invaded range. Recently a new biotype of the beetle, known as CRB-G, has spread into the Pacific Islands causing unprecedented levels of damage due to the failure of previously successful biological control agents (BCAs) to suppress this biotype. The re-emergence of CRB as a serious pest warrants a rigorous re-evaluation of potential BCAs and a new search for effective natural enemies if necessary. In this article, we review literature on CRB to 1) analyze past introductions of BCAs and their effectiveness; 2) identify potentially important natural enemies and their geographical origins; and 3) assess possible approaches for utilization of BCAs against the new wave of CRB invasion. Research gaps and directions deserving future attention are highlighted and a strategy for renovation of biological controls for CRB suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulav Paudel
- AgResearch Limited, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Mansfield
- AgResearch Limited, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Trevor A Jackson
- AgResearch Limited, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Sean D G Marshall
- AgResearch Limited, Lincoln Research Centre, Christchurch, New Zealand
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9
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Etebari K, Shelomi M, Furlong MJ. Identification of a Novel Picorna-like Virus in Coconut Rhinoceros Beetles (Oryctes rhinoceros). Virus Res 2020; 287:198100. [PMID: 32739236 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel Picorna-like virus, tentatively named Oryctes rhinoceros Picorna-like virus 1 (OrPV1), was identified in coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) larvae in Taiwan. The complete genome sequence consisted of 9,665 nucleotides with a polyA tail and included one open reading frame. Conserved structural domains such as Picornavirus capsid protein, RNA helicase, Peptidase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) were identified through Pfam domain searches. The genome shares approximately 27-28% identity with other unclassified Picornavirales that infect honey bees (Darwin bee virus 2, Bundaberg bee virus 5, and Sacbrood virus) and a recently reported virus from Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis virus 1). We did not detect this virus in any other geographical populations of O. rhinoceros collected from the South Pacific Islands and the Philippines. Analysis of the deduced RdRp amino acid sequences showed that the virus clustered with other Picorna-like viruses and separated from other members of family Dicistroviridae and Iflaviridae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayvan Etebari
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Matan Shelomi
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, No 27 Lane 113 Sec 4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Michael J Furlong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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Ottati S, Persico A, Rossi M, Bosco D, Vallino M, Abbà S, Molinatto G, Palmano S, Balestrini R, Galetto L, Marzachì C. Biological characterization of Euscelidius variegatus iflavirus 1. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 173:107370. [PMID: 32259537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Virus-based biocontrol technologies represent sustainable alternatives to pesticides and insecticides. Phytoplasmas are prokaryotic plant pathogens causing severe losses to crops worldwide. Novel approaches are needed since insecticides against their insect vectors and rogueing of infected plants are the only available strategies to counteract phytoplasma diseases. A new iflavirus, named EVV-1, has been described in the leafhopper phytoplasma vector Euscelidius variegatus, raising the potential to use virus-based application strategies against phytoplasma disease. Here transmission routes of EVV-1 are characterized, and localization within the host reveals the mechanism of insect tolerance to virus infection. Both vertical and horizontal transmission of EVV-1 occur and vertical transmission was more efficient. The virus is systemic and occurs in all life-stages, with the highest loads measured in ovaries and first to third instar nymphs. The basic knowledge gained here on the biology of the virus is crucial for possible future application of iflaviruses as biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ottati
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali ed Alimentari DISAFA, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| | - Alberto Persico
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali ed Alimentari DISAFA, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Marika Rossi
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Domenico Bosco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali ed Alimentari DISAFA, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| | - Marta Vallino
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Simona Abbà
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Giulia Molinatto
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali ed Alimentari DISAFA, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
| | - Sabrina Palmano
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Balestrini
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Luciana Galetto
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy.
| | - Cristina Marzachì
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73 10135, Torino, Italy.
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