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Bai CM, Zhang X, Venier P, Gu L, Li YN, Wang CM, Xin LS, Rosani U. Paired miRNA and RNA sequencing provides a first insight into molecular defense mechanisms of Scapharca broughtonii during ostreid herpesvirus-1 infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:225-233. [PMID: 35150830 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) infection caused mortalities with relevant economic losses in bivalve aquaculture industry worldwide. Initially described as an oyster pathogen, OsHV-1 can infect other bivalve species, like the blood clam Scapharca broughtonii. However, at present, little is known about the molecular interactions during OsHV-1 infection in the blood clam. We produced paired miRNA and total RNA-seq data to investigate the blood clam transcriptional changes from 0 to 72 h after experimental infection with OsHV-1. High-throughput miRNA sequencing of 24 libraries revealed 580 conserved and 270 new blood clam miRNAs, whereas no genuine miRNA was identified for OsHV-1. Total 88-203 differently expressed miRNAs were identified per time point, mostly up-regulated and mainly targeting metabolic pathways. Most of the blood clam mRNAs, in contrast, were down-regulated up to 60 h post-injection, with the trend analysis revealing the activation of immune genes only when comparing the early and latest stage of infection. Taken together, paired short and long RNA data suggested a miRNA-mediated down-regulation of host metabolic and energetic processes as a possible antiviral strategy during early infection stages, whereas antiviral pathways appeared upregulated only at late infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agriculture University, Tianjin, 300380, China
| | - Paola Venier
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Li Gu
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agriculture University, Tianjin, 300380, China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chong-Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lu-Sheng Xin
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy.
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Huang B, Zhang X, Wang C, Bai C, Li C, Li C, Xin L. Isolation and Characterization of Vibrio kanaloae as a Major Pathogen Associated with Mass Mortalities of Ark Clam, Scapharca broughtonii, in Cold Season. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2161. [PMID: 34683482 PMCID: PMC8541523 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High temperature is a risk factor for vibriosis outbreaks. Most vibrios are opportunistic pathogens that cause the mortality of aquatic animals at the vibrio optimal growth temperature (~25 °C), whereas a dominant Vibrio kanaloae strain SbA1-1 is isolated from natural diseased ark clams (Scapharca broughtonii) during cold seasons in this study. Consistent symptoms and histopathological features reappeared under an immersion infection with SbA1-1 performed at 15 °C. The pathogenicity difference of SbA1-1 was assessed under different temperatures (15 °C and 25 °C). The cumulative mortality rates of ark clams were significantly higher at the low temperature (15 °C) than at the high temperature (25 °C); up to 98% on 16th day post SbA1-1 infection. While the growth ratio of SbA1-1 was retarded at the low temperature, the hemolytic activity and siderophores productivity of SbA1-1 were increased. This study constitutes the first isolation of V. kanaloae from the natural diseased ark clams (S. broughtonii) in cold seasons and the exposition of the dissimilar pathogenicity of SbA1-1 at a different temperature. All the above indicates that V. kanaloae constitutes a threat to ark clam culture, especially in cold seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Huang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
- Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (C.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (C.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Chongming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (C.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Changming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (C.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Chen Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (C.B.); (C.L.)
| | - Chenghua Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China;
| | - Lusheng Xin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Aquaculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (X.Z.); (C.W.); (C.B.); (C.L.)
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Fuhrmann M, Georgiades E, Cattell G, Brosnahan C, Lane HS, Hick PM. Aquatic pathogens and biofouling: pilot study of ostreid herpesvirus 1 translocation by bivalves. BIOFOULING 2021; 37:949-963. [PMID: 34628999 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.1985474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) has caused mass mortalities in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. While aquaculture-associated movements of infected Pacific oysters are a well-known cause of OsHV-1 spread once established in a region, translocation via biofouling of aquaculture equipment or vessels needs further investigation to explain the more distant spread of OsHV-1. Laboratory experiments were designed to test for transmission of OsHV-1 between infected and naïve Pacific oysters via a simulated biofouling translocation scenario. Three common biofouling species [Sydney rock oysters (Saccostrea glomerata), Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and Pacific oysters] were tested as intermediaries using a cohabitation challenge with Pacific oysters infected by injection. Transmission occurred, albeit for one of eight replicates when Pacific oysters were the intermediary species. This demonstrated a possible pathway for pathogen spread via biofouling containing Pacific oysters while highlighting the complexity of OsHV-1 transmission. Such complexities require further investigation to inform future risk assessments and management of fouled aquaculture equipment and vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fuhrmann
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
| | - E Georgiades
- Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - G Cattell
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Brosnahan
- Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - H S Lane
- Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - P M Hick
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, New South Wales, Australia
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