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Mauerhofer C, Grumet L, Schemmer P, Leber B, Stiegler P. Combating Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury with Micronutrients and Natural Compounds during Solid Organ Transplantation: Data of Clinical Trials and Lessons of Preclinical Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10675. [PMID: 34639016 PMCID: PMC8508760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although extended donor criteria grafts bear a higher risk of complications such as graft dysfunction, the exceeding demand requires to extent the pool of potential donors. The risk of complications is highly associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury, a condition characterized by high loads of oxidative stress exceeding antioxidative defense mechanisms. The antioxidative properties, along with other beneficial effects like anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic or antiarrhythmic effects of several micronutrients and natural compounds, have recently emerged increasing research interest resulting in various preclinical and clinical studies. Preclinical studies reported about ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammatory status, resulting in improved graft survival. Although the majority of clinical studies confirmed these results, reporting about improved recovery and superior organ function, others failed to do so. Yet, only a limited number of micronutrients and natural compounds have been investigated in a (large) clinical trial. Despite some ambiguous clinical results and modest clinical data availability, the vast majority of convincing animal and in vitro data, along with low cost and easy availability, encourage the conductance of future clinical trials. These should implement insights gained from animal data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mauerhofer
- Department of Science and Product Development, pro medico HandelsGmbH, Liebenauer Tangente 6, 8041 Graz, Austria; (C.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Lukas Grumet
- Department of Science and Product Development, pro medico HandelsGmbH, Liebenauer Tangente 6, 8041 Graz, Austria; (C.M.); (L.G.)
| | - Peter Schemmer
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University, 8036 Graz, Austria; (P.S.); (B.L.)
| | - Bettina Leber
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University, 8036 Graz, Austria; (P.S.); (B.L.)
| | - Philipp Stiegler
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University, 8036 Graz, Austria; (P.S.); (B.L.)
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Park JK, Kim SS, Kim HK, Nah JW, Kim HB, Bae IH, Park DS, Shim JW, Lee MY, Kim JS, Koo BS, Jeong KJ, Jin YB, Kim SU, Lee SR, Na JY, Sim DS, Hong YJ, Lim KS, Jeong MH. Poly-l-lactide Polymer-Based Triple Drug-Eluting Stent with Abciximab, Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Sirolimus in Porcine Coronary Restenosis Model. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sim DS, Jeong MH. Development of Novel Drug-Eluting Stents for Acute Myocardial Infarction. Chonnam Med J 2017; 53:187-195. [PMID: 29026706 PMCID: PMC5636757 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2017.53.3.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed arterial healing at culprit sites after drug-eluting stent (DES) placement for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with increased risk of late stent thrombosis. The Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry was established in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of Korea Circulation Society. Between November 2005 and December 2016, more than 62,000 patients were registered from 50 primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) centers in Korea. DES in AMI may be safe and effective, however, there is concern about increased stent thrombosis after DES implantation in AMI patients, requiring longer-term dual anti-platelet therapy to reduce the risk of late stent thrombosis. Device innovation is needed to overcome issues such as stent thrombosis and restenosis by using new coating materials with biocompatible polymers, different coating methods using non-polymer techniques, bioabsorbable stents and pro-healing stents. In this review article, we describe the current usage of DES in AMI in Korea and introduce novel DES uses in development for patients with AMI. We have developed many types of DES in our research laboratory. Abciximab-coated stents inhibited platelet thrombi and restenosis. Furthermore, anti-oxidants (carvedilol, probucol and alpha-lipoic acid) were used for stent coating. Currently we are developing novel DESs using polymer-free and natural binding techniques, peptide coating stents, gene-and-drug delivery, bioabsorbable stents using 3D printing, endothelial progenitor cell capturing stents to promote reendothelialization and reduce stent thrombosis. New DESs in development may be safe and effective in preventing late stent thrombosis and restenosis in patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo Sun Sim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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Bae IH, Lim KS, Park DS, Shim JW, Lee SY, Jang EJ, Park JK, Kim JH, Jeong MH. Sirolimus coating on heparinized stents prevents restenosis and thrombosis. J Biomater Appl 2017; 31:1337-1345. [PMID: 28436251 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217706222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of sirolimus coating on the occurrence of restenosis and thrombosis with heparinized stents. Heparin and dopamine were conjugated by chemical bonding and anchored on the stent surface by a mussel-inspired adhesion mechanism. Subsequently, sirolimus was coated with poly lactic-glycolic acid on the heparinized stent surface. The heparin was well attached to the surface, and the surface was smooth after sirolimus coating. The smoothness of the surface was maintained after expansion of the stent. The amount of sirolimus released from the stent was 67.3% ± 4.55% within 7 days, followed by continual release up to day 28. The proliferation of smooth muscle cells was successfully arrested (51.3% ± 2.25% at 7 days of culture) by sirolimus released from the stent. Platelet adhesion was clearly prevented in the heparin-coated group (78.0 ± 8.00/1.8 cm2) compared to that in the heparin noncoated group (5.0 ± 1.00/1.8 cm2). Animal studies showed that the heparin and sirolimus-coated stent group had no obvious inflammatory response and no change in the fibrin score compared to those in the other groups. However, restenosis clearly decreased in the heparin and sirolimus-coated group (12.3% ± 3.54%) compared to the bare-metal stent group (27.5% ± 8.52%) and the heparin-coated group (25.3% ± 11.79%). These results suggest that heparinized surface-based sirolimus coating may be a useful approach for the prevention of restenosis and stent thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Ho Bae
- 1 The Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital (designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,2 Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute, Jangsung, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Seob Lim
- 1 The Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital (designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Park
- 1 The Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital (designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,2 Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute, Jangsung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Shim
- 1 The Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital (designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,2 Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute, Jangsung, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Youn Lee
- 1 The Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital (designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,2 Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute, Jangsung, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Jang
- 1 The Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital (designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,2 Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute, Jangsung, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Park
- 3 Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Han Kim
- 2 Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute, Jangsung, Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- 1 The Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital (designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare), Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,2 Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute, Jangsung, Republic of Korea.,4 Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Lim KS, Park JK, Jeong MH, Bae IH, Nah JW, Park DS, Sim JW, Kim JH, Lee SY, Jang EJ, Jang S, Kim HK, Sim DS, Kim IS, Hong YJ, Ahn Y, Kang JC. Optimal coating method for a dual-layer stent with sirolimus and alpha-lipoic acid in a porcine coronary restenosis model. Macromol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-016-4082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Lim KS, Park JK, Jeong MH, Bae IH, Nah JW, Park DS, Kim JM, Kim JH, Lee SY, Jang EJ, Jang S, Kim HK, Sim DS, Park KH, Hong YJ, Ahn Y, Kang JC. Effect of stents coated with a combination of sirolimus and alpha-lipoic acid in a porcine coronary restenosis model. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2016; 27:66. [PMID: 26886814 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5622-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate antiproliferative sirolimus- and antioxidative alpha-lipoic acid (ALA)-eluting stents using biodegradable polymer [poly-L-lactic acid (PLA)] in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model. Forty coronary arteries of 20 pigs were randomized into four groups in which the coronary arteries had a bare metal stent (BMS, n = 10), ALA-eluting stent with PLA (AES, n = 10), sirolimus-eluting stent with PLA (SES, n = 10), or sirolimus- and ALA-eluting stent with PLA (SAS, n = 10). A histopathological analysis was performed 28 days after the stenting. The ALA and sirolimus released slowly over 30 days. There were no significant differences between groups in the injury or inflammation score; however, there were significant differences in the percent area of stenosis (56.2 ± 11.78% in BMS vs. 51.5 ± 12.20% in AES vs. 34.7 ± 7.23% in SES vs. 28.7 ± 7.30% in SAS, P < 0.0001) and fibrin score [1.0 (range 1.0-1.0) in BMS vs. 1.0 (range 1.0-1.0) in AES vs. 2.0 (range 2.0-2.0) in SES vs. 2.0 (range 2.0-2.0) in SAS, P < 0.0001] between the four groups. The percent area of stenosis based on micro-computed tomography corresponded with the restenosis rates based on histopathological stenosis in different proportions in the four groups (54.8 ± 7.88% in BMS vs. 50.4 ± 14.87% in AES vs. 34.5 ± 7.22% in SES vs. 28.9 ± 7.22% in SAS, P < 0.05). SAS showed a better neointimal inhibitory effect than BMS, AES, and SES at 1 month after stenting in a porcine coronary restenosis model. Therefore, SAS with PLA can be a useful drug combination for coronary stent coating to suppress neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Seob Lim
- Korea Cardiovascular Stent Institute, Jangsung, Korea
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Korea Cardiovascular Stent Institute, Jangsung, Korea.
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea.
- Regeneromics Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
| | - In-Ho Bae
- Korea Cardiovascular Stent Institute, Jangsung, Korea
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae-Woon Nah
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Korea
| | - Dae Sung Park
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Jung Ha Kim
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - So Youn Lee
- Korea Cardiovascular Stent Institute, Jangsung, Korea
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Eun Jae Jang
- Korea Cardiovascular Stent Institute, Jangsung, Korea
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Suyoung Jang
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Hyun Kuk Kim
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Doo Sun Sim
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Keun-Ho Park
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Young Joon Hong
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
| | - Jung Chaee Kang
- Cardiovascular Convergence Research Center Nominated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-757, Korea
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Effect of polymer-free TiO2 stent coated with abciximab or alpha lipoic acid in porcine coronary restenosis model. J Cardiol 2014; 64:409-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Restenosis and stent thrombosis remain major concerns after percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease. The present review was undertaken in order to highlight the various coronary stents that have been investigated in our Heart Research Center, and how far we have come from the first heparin-coated stent first used in the late 1990s. Thereafter, from the abciximab-coated stent to the current gene-delivery stent and other newer agents, our group has applied a range of techniques in this field. However, in groups similar to ours, the restenosis rates of such stents are still high for second-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs). Moreover, our nation imports almost all of these types of stents from other countries. Thus, we need to develop domestic coronary stents. Research into newer DESs are warranted in Korea so as to achieve improved safety and efficacy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeong Cho
- Korea Cardiovascular Stent Research Institute of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Lim KS, Bae IH, Kim JH, Park DS, Kim JM, Kim JH, Sim DS, Hong YJ, Jeong MH. Mechanical and Histopathological Comparison between Commercialized and Newly Designed Coronary Bare Metal Stents in a Porcine Coronary Restenosis Model. Chonnam Med J 2013; 49:7-13. [PMID: 23678471 PMCID: PMC3651989 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2013.49.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the stent designed by Chonnam National University Hospital (designated as CNUH) with commercial cobalt-chromium coronary stent in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model. CNUH stent was subjected to mechanical performance tests. Pigs were randomized into two groups in which the coronary arteries (10 pigs, 10 coronaries in each group) had either CNUH stent or control commercial bare metal stent. Histopathologic analysis was assessed at 28 days after stenting. In mechanical performance tests, CNUH stent showed 2.65N, 35.1N, 0.52N, 1.94%, 4.29% in the flat plate radial compression, radial force, 3 point bending, Foreshortening and recoil test, respectively. There was no significant difference in the injury score, internal elastic lamina (IEL), lumen area, neointima area, percent area stenosis, inflammation score and fibrin score between the two groups (1.2±0.35, 4.1±0.41 mm2, 2.7±0.56 mm2, 1.6±0.47 mm2, 36.7±11.2%, 1.2±0.62, 0.2±0.34 in CNUH stent group vs. 1.2±0.38, 3.7±0.64 mm2, 2.5±0.49 mm2, 1.5±0.61 mm2, 36.3±12.17%, 1.1±0.12, 0.4±0.46 in commercial stent group, respectively). In the mechanical performance test, CNUH stent showed the moderated performance under the guideline of FDA. CNUH stent demonstrated similar histological reactions compared with commercial cobalt-chromium stent in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Seob Lim
- The Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital Designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
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Rha SW, Chen KY, Oh DJ, Li YJ, Jin Z, Poddar KL, Ramasamy S, Minami Y, Elnagar A, Choi BG, Hong SP, Cheon BW, Moon SK, Im SI, Kim SW, Na JO, Choi CU, Lim HE, Kim JW, Kim EJ, Han SW, Park CG, Seo HS, Kim JH, Hong YJ, Jeong MH. Impact of heterogeneous overlapping drug-eluting stents on the arterial responses of rabbit iliac arteries: a comparison with overlapping bare metal stents. Korean Circ J 2012; 42:397-405. [PMID: 22787470 PMCID: PMC3390425 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2012.42.6.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Although the use of heterogeneous overlapping drug-eluting stents (DES) is not uncommon in clinical practice, whether the implantation sequences of heterogeneous DES will influence the endothelialization or arterial responses differently remains unclear. Materials and Methods Twenty-one rabbits were randomized to receive overlapping stents in the iliac artery for 3 months {distal sirolimus-eluting stent (SES, Cypher™)+proximal paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES, Taxus™) (C+T, n=7), distal Taxus+proximal Cypher (T+C, n=7) and bare metal stent (BMS)+BMS (B+B, n=7)}. Endothelial function was evaluated by the acetylcholine provocation test during follow-up angiography. Histopathological changes in proximal, overlapped, and distal stented segments were evaluated. Results Although the overall angiographic outcomes were comparable, late loss (mm) in the distal stented segment was higher in the B+B (0.39±0.07) and C+T (0.40±0.20) than that in the T+C (0.06±0.02) group (p<0.001). The incidence of acetylcholine-induced spasm was higher in the DES groups compared with BMS, regardless of the implantation sequences (85.7% in C+T vs. 14.3% in B+B vs. 71.4% in T+C, p=0.017). Notably, only the distal Cypher implantation group (C+T) had three cases of stent fracture. A histopathological analysis showed that despite similar arterial injury scores, Taxus and Cypher stents had higher inflammatory reactions at the overlapped and distal segments compared with those of BMS. Conclusion Despite similar arterial injury, higher inflammatory reactions were observed in overlapping DES segments regardless of the implantation sequence compared with that of BMS. Moreover, DES was associated with impaired endothelial function on the adjacent non-stented segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woon Rha
- Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Jha HC, Srivastava P, Vardhan H, Singh LC, Bhengraj AR, Prasad J, Mittal A. Chlamydia pneumoniae heat shock protein 60 is associated with apoptotic signaling pathway in human atheromatous plaques of coronary artery disease patients. J Cardiol 2011; 58:216-25. [PMID: 21889313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2011.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia pneumoniae heat shock protein (HSP) 60 is known to contribute to the activation of inflammation. In addition, there are contradictory reports on C. pneumoniae and their role in activation of pathways (apoptotic/antiapoptotic/necrosis) in coronary artery disease (CAD). Hence, more studies are required to know the actual role of C. pneumoniae in activation of apoptotic/antiapoptotic/necrosis pathways. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, two sets of patient groups (cHSP60 positive and cHSP60 negative) were included and gene expression was studied by cDNA micro array and real time polymerase chain reaction arrays. Expression of Caspase-3, 8, 9, c-FLIP, PPAR-γ, PGC-1α, and Gsk-3b were also evaluated at protein level by immunoblotting. In cHSP60 positive CAD patients significantly higher (p<0.001) mRNA expression was found for CCL4, CXCL4, CXCL9, IL-8, CD40LG, CD8, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, APOE, EGR1, CTGF, APOB, LDLR, LPA, and LPL, whereas significantly lower (p<0.001) mRNA expression was detected for CD4, IL1F10, IFNA2, and IL-10 as compared to cHSP60 negative CAD patients. Additionally, at protein level expression of Caspase-3 (p=0.027), 8 (p=0.028), and 9 (p=0.037) were higher and c-FLIP (p=0.028) and PPAR-γ (p=0.95) expression were comparable in cHSP60 positive CAD patients compared to cHSP60 negative CAD patients. CONCLUSION Genes/proteins of pre-apoptotic caspase dependent/independent pathways, chemokines, and inflammatory cytokines receptors were significantly up-regulated in human atheromatous plaques of cHSP60 positive CAD patients suggesting an association of cHSP60 with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hem Chandra Jha
- Institute of Pathology (ICMR), Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Post Box No. 4909, New Delhi 110 029, India
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Lim KS, Hong YJ, Hachinohe D, Ahmed K, Jeong MH, Kim JH, Sim DS, Lee MG, Park KH, Kim JH, Ahn Y, Cho JG, Park JC, Song SJ, Jung KW, Cho DL, Kang JC. Effect of a dual drug-coated stent with abciximab and alpha-lipoic Acid in a porcine coronary restenosis model. Korean Circ J 2011; 41:241-7. [PMID: 21731564 PMCID: PMC3116101 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2011.41.5.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of a stent coated with abciximab and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in a porcine coronary overstretch restenosis model. Materials and Methods A total of 10 pigs were randomized into two groups (10 pigs, 10 coronaries in each group) in which the coronary arteries were stented with a dual-coated stent and a bare metal stent (control) by randomization. Stents were deployed with oversizing (stent/artery ratio 1.3 : 1) in the porcine coronary arteries, and histopathology was assessed 28 days after stenting. Results There was no significant difference in the injury score between the two groups. In the neointima, the lymphohistiocyte count was significantly lower in dual-coat stent group compared with the control stent group (120±85 cells vs. 159±80 cells, p=0.048). There was no significant difference in the fibrin score between the two groups (0.16±0.34 in the dual-coated stent group vs. 0.25±0.48 in the control stent group, p=0.446). The neointima area was not significantly different between both groups (1.55±0.8 mm2 in dual-coated stent group vs. 1.40±0.86 mm2 in the control stent group, p=0.447). Conclusion Although the dual-coated stent with abciximab and ALA showed no significant difference in inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia when compared with the bare metal stent, it was associated with a reduced inflammatory reaction when compared with the control stent in a porcine coronary restenosis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Seob Lim
- The Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital Designated by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare, Gwangju, Korea
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Choi Y. Evolving Coronary Stents Coated With New Bioactive Agents. Korean Circ J 2011; 41:233-4. [PMID: 21731562 PMCID: PMC3116099 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2011.41.5.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yunseok Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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