1
|
Dynamics of Pressure Variation in Closed Vessel Explosions of Diluted Fuel/Oxidant Mixtures. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrous oxide is widely used as oxidizer or nitriding agent in numerous industrial activities such as production of adipic acid and caprolactam and even for production of some semiconductors. Further, it is used as an additive in order to increase the power output of engines, and as an oxidizer in propulsion systems of rockets, because it has a large heat of formation (+81.6 kJ mol−1). N2O is highly exothermic, and during its decomposition a supplementary heat amount is released, so it needs special handling conditions. The combustion of fuels in nitrous oxide atmosphere can lead to high unstable and turbulent deflagrations that speedily self-accelerate and therefore a deflagration can change to a detonation. The peak explosion pressure and the maximum rate of pressure rise of explosions in confined spaces are key safety parameters to evaluate the hazard of processes running in closed vessels and for design of enclosures able to withstand explosions or of their vents used as relief devices. The present study reports some major explosion parameters such as the maximum (peak) explosion pressures pmax, explosion times θmax, maximum rates of pressure rise (dp/dt)max and severity factors KG for ethylene-nitrous oxide mixtures (lean and stoichiometric) diluted with various amounts of N2, at various initial pressures (p0 = 0.50–1.50 bar), in experiments performed in a spherical vessel centrally ignited by inductive-capacitive electric sparks. The influence of the initial pressure and composition on pmax, θmax and (dp/dt)max is discussed. The data are compared with similar values referring to ethylene-air mixtures measured in the same initial conditions. It was found that at identical C/O ratios with ethylene-air, ethylene-N2O-N2 mixtures develop higher explosion pressures and higher rates of pressure rise, due to the exothermic dissociation of N2O under flame conditions.
Collapse
|
2
|
Giurcan V, Mitu M, Movileanu C, Razus D. Propagation Characteristics of Stoichiometric Inert-Diluted Methane–N 2O Flames. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Venera Giurcan
- ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Mitu
- ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021Bucharest, Romania
| | - Codina Movileanu
- ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021Bucharest, Romania
| | - Domnina Razus
- ”Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Razus D. Nitrous Oxide: Oxidizer and Promoter of Hydrogen and Hydrocarbon Combustion. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domnina Razus
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy 202 Spl. Independentei, sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng X, Ren J, Pu M, Chen B, Bi M. Suppression effect of ultra-fine water mist on methane-coal dust hybrid explosion. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
5
|
Deflagration Characteristics of N2-Diluted CH4-N2O Mixtures in the Course of the Incipient Stage of Flame Propagation. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14185918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, experimental measurements in a spherical combustion bomb were performed in order to investigate the flame propagation in N2-diluted CH4-N2O mixtures with stoichiometric equivalence ratio, at several initial pressures (0.5–1.75 bar) and ambient initial temperatures. Methane was chosen as a test-fuel, since it is the main component of natural gas, a fuel often used as a substitute to gasoline in engines with internal combustion and industrial plants. The method approached in this study is based on a simple examination of the cubic law of pressure rise during the early (incipient) period of flame propagation. The incipient stage defined by a pressure rise equal or smaller than the initial pressure, was divided into short time intervals. The burnt mass fractions (obtained using three different Equations) and flame radii at various moments of the flame propagation in the course of the incipient stage were calculated. The cubic law coefficients and corresponding laminar burning velocities at considered time intervals were also reported.
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Currently, the use of fossil fuels is very high and existing nature reserves are rapidly depleted. Therefore, researchers are turning their attention to find renewable fuels that have a low impact on the environment, to replace these fossil fuels. Biogas is a low-cost alternative, sustainable, renewable fuel existing worldwide. It can be produced by decomposition of vegetation or waste products of human and animal biological activity. This process is performed by microorganisms (such as methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria) by anaerobic digestion. Biogas can serve as a basis for heat and electricity production used for domestic heating and cooking. It can be also used to feed internal combustion engines, gas turbines, fuel cells, or cogeneration systems. In this paper, a comprehensive literature study regarding the laminar burning velocity of biogas-containing mixtures is presented. This study aims to characterize the use of biogas as IC (internal combustion) engine fuel, and to develop efficient safety recommendations and to predict and reduce the risk of fires and accidental explosions caused by biogas.
Collapse
|