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Zhu H, Jackson TA, Subramaniam B. Facile Ozonation of Light Alkanes to Oxygenates with High Atom Economy in Tunable Condensed Phase at Ambient Temperature. JACS AU 2023; 3:498-507. [PMID: 36873707 PMCID: PMC9975831 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated the oxidation of mixed alkanes (propane, n-butane, and isobutane) by ozone in a condensed phase at ambient temperature and mild pressures (up to 1.3 MPa). Oxygenated products such as alcohols and ketones are formed with a combined molar selectivity of >90%. The ozone and dioxygen partial pressures are controlled such that the gas phase is always outside the flammability envelope. Because the alkane-ozone reaction predominantly occurs in the condensed phase, we are able to harness the unique tunability of ozone concentrations in hydrocarbon-rich liquid phases for facile activation of the light alkanes while also avoiding over-oxidation of the products. Further, adding isobutane and water to the mixed alkane feed significantly enhances ozone utilization and the oxygenate yields. The ability to tune the composition of the condensed media by incorporating liquid additives to direct selectivity is a key to achieving high carbon atom economy, which cannot be achieved in gas-phase ozonations. Even in the liquid phase, without added isobutane and water, combustion products dominate during neat propane ozonation, with CO2 selectivity being >60%. In contrast, ozonation of a propane+isobutane+water mixture suppresses CO2 formation to 15% and nearly doubles the yield of isopropanol. A kinetic model based on the formation of a hydrotrioxide intermediate can adequately explain the yields of the observed isobutane ozonation products. Estimated rate constants for the formation of oxygenates suggest that the demonstrated concept has promise for facile and atom-economic conversion of natural gas liquids to valuable oxygenates and broader applications associated with C-H functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Zhu
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Dr., Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Timothy A. Jackson
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Dr., Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Rd, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Bala Subramaniam
- Center
for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, University of Kansas, 1501 Wakarusa Dr., Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University
of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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Kong Z, Wang M, Shi X, Wang X, Zhang X, Chai L, Liu D, Shen Q. The functions of potential intermediates and fungal communities involved in the humus formation of different materials at the thermophilic phase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 354:127216. [PMID: 35472639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Humus is the final product of humus precursors (HPS) during the humification process, while the associated mechanisms of humus formation have not been clarified. Here, the HPS degradation intermediate and core fungal function for wheat straw and chicken manure compost (SCM), cow dung compost (CD), Chinese traditional medicine residue compost (CTM) and mushroom dreg and chicken manure compost (MCM) was investigated during the thermophilic phase. The results showed SCM and MCM were rich in proteins, lipids, cellulose, low-molecular-weight organic acids, while CD and CTM contained abundant carbohydrates, aliphatic compounds, easily biodegradable aromatic structures, and intermediates from the lignocellulose degradation. In particular, the HPS degrading intermediates including O-alkyl-C and aromatic C compounds were the critical factors, and Scedosporium, Hypsizygus and Remersonia were the core fungal genera for the humification. Furthermore, the potential fungal functional genes involved in carbohydrate and lignin degradation might be the key factors to drive the humification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Kong
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, People' Republic of China; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People' Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People' Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, People' Republic of China
| | - Xiaoteng Shi
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People' Republic of China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, People' Republic of China; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People' Republic of China
| | - Xiangkai Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, People' Republic of China; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People' Republic of China
| | - Lifang Chai
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, People' Republic of China; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People' Republic of China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, People' Republic of China; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People' Republic of China.
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, People' Republic of China; Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People' Republic of China
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Zhao J, Zhang W, Hu J, Lin S, Gui X, Li S, Wang X, Li Z, Tu Y, Nian F, He D. Research on the Risk of Thermal Runaway in the Industrial Process of Styrene Solution Polymerization. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihe Zhao
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenhai Zhang
- Department of Emergency Management of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510060, P. R. China
| | - Jiwen Hu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong 512400, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shudong Lin
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- Incubator of Nanxiong CAS Co., Ltd., Nanxiong 512400, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Gui
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shi Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Tu
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Fuwei Nian
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Polymer Materials for Electronics, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Special Fine Chemicals, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
| | - Daguang He
- Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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