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Lu L, Li J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li Z, Lan J, Zeng R, Fang S, Zhang T, Ding Y. A rapid quantitative UPLC-MS/MS method for analysis of key regulatory oxysterols in biological samples for liver cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106577. [PMID: 38971336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
An UPLC-APCI-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) and eight oxysterols including 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OHC), 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7αOHC), 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7βOHC), 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24SOHC), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25OHC), 7α,24S-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,24SdiOHC), 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25diOHC), and 7α,27-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,27diOHC). It has been used for quantitative analysis of cholesterol, 7DHC and eight oxysterols in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, plasma and tumor tissue samples. And the above compounds were extracted from the biological matrix (plasma and tissue) using liquid-liquid extraction with hexane/isopropanol after saponification to cleave the steroids from their esterified forms without further derivatization. Then cholesterol, 7DHC and oxysterols were separated on a reversed phase column (Agilent Zorbax Eclipse plus, C18) within 8 min using a gradient elution with 0.1 % formic acid in H2O and methanol and detected by an APCI triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of the cholesterol, 7DHC and oxysterols ranged from 3.9 ng/mL to 31.25 ng/mL, and the recoveries ranged from 83.0 % to 113.9 %. Cholesterol, 7DHC and several oxysterols including 27OHC, 7αOHC and 7βOHC were successfully quantified in HCC cells, plasma, tissues and urine of HCC mice. Results showed that 27OHC was at high levels in three kind of HCC cells and tumor tissues as well as plasma samples from both HepG2 and Huh7 bearing mice model,and the high levels of 27OHC in tumors were associated with HCC development. Moreover, the levels of cholesterol in HCC cells and tumor issues varied in different HCC cells and mice model. Oxysterols profiling in biological samples might provide complementary information in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; National Innovation Platform for medical industry-education integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- National Innovation Platform for medical industry-education integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinshuai Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruifeng Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiyuan Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; National Innovation Platform for medical industry-education integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Lai Y, Ma J, Zhang X, Xuan X, Zhu F, Ding S, Shang F, Chen Y, Zhao B, Lan C, Unver T, Huo G, Li X, Wang Y, Liu Y, Lu M, Pan X, Yang D, Li M, Zhang B, Zhang D. High-quality chromosome-level genome assembly and multi-omics analysis of rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) reveals new insights into the environmental and genome adaptation. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1833-1847. [PMID: 38363812 PMCID: PMC11182591 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
High-quality genome of rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) represents a valuable resource and tool for understanding genome evolution and environmental adaptation as well as its genetic improvement. However, the existing rosemary genome did not provide insights into the relationship between antioxidant components and environmental adaptability. In this study, by employing Nanopore sequencing and Hi-C technologies, a total of 1.17 Gb (97.96%) genome sequences were mapped to 12 chromosomes with 46 121 protein-coding genes and 1265 non-coding RNA genes. Comparative genome analysis reveals that rosemary had a closely genetic relationship with Salvia splendens and Salvia miltiorrhiza, and it diverged from them approximately 33.7 million years ago (MYA), and one whole-genome duplication occurred around 28.3 MYA in rosemary genome. Among all identified rosemary genes, 1918 gene families were expanded, 35 of which are involved in the biosynthesis of antioxidant components. These expanded gene families enhance the ability of rosemary adaptation to adverse environments. Multi-omics (integrated transcriptome and metabolome) analysis showed the tissue-specific distribution of antioxidant components related to environmental adaptation. During the drought, heat and salt stress treatments, 36 genes in the biosynthesis pathways of carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid and flavonoids were up-regulated, illustrating the important role of these antioxidant components in responding to abiotic stresses by adjusting ROS homeostasis. Moreover, cooperating with the photosynthesis, substance and energy metabolism, protein and ion balance, the collaborative system maintained cell stability and improved the ability of rosemary against harsh environment. This study provides a genomic data platform for gene discovery and precision breeding in rosemary. Our results also provide new insights into the adaptive evolution of rosemary and the contribution of antioxidant components in resistance to harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Lai
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Jinghua Ma
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi‐Omics Research, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Xiaobo Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River BasinMinistry of Water ResourcesZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Fengyun Zhu
- School of Biological and Food Processing EngineeringHuanghuai UniversityZhumadianHenanChina
| | - Shen Ding
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Fude Shang
- College of Life ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi‐Omics Research, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Chen Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi‐Omics Research, School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | | | - George Huo
- Department of BiologyEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Ximei Li
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yihan Wang
- College of Life ScienceHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yufang Liu
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Mengfei Lu
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- Department of BiologyEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Deshuang Yang
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Mingwan Li
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of BiologyEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Dangquan Zhang
- College of ForestryHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
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Oda A, Suzuki Y, Sato H, Koyama T, Nakatochi M, Momozawa Y, Tanaka R, Ono H, Tatsuta R, Ando T, Shin T, Wakai K, Matsuo K, Itoh H, Ohno K. Evaluation of the usefulness of plasma 4β-hydroxycholesterol concentration normalized by 4α-hydroxycholesterol for accurate CYP3A phenotyping. Clin Transl Sci 2024; 17:e13768. [PMID: 38465776 PMCID: PMC10926057 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasma 4β-hydroxycholesterol (OHC) has drawn attention as an endogenous substrate indicating CYP3A activity. Plasma 4β-OHC is produced by hydroxylation by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and by cholesterol autoxidation. Plasma 4α-OHC is produced by cholesterol autoxidation and not affected by CYP3A activity. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of plasma 4β-OHC concentration minus plasma 4α-OHC concentration (4β-OHC-4α-OHC) compared with plasma 4β-OHC concentration and 4β-OHC/total cholesterol (TC) ratio in cross-sectional evaluation of CYP3A activity. Four hundred sixteen general adults were divided into 191 CYP3A5*1 carriers and 225 non-carriers. Twenty-six patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with CYP3A5*1 allele were divided into 14 with CKD stage 3 and 12 with stage 4-5D. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the three indices were evaluated for predicting presence or absence of CYP3A5*1 allele in general adults, and for predicting CKD stage 3 or stage 4-5D in patients with CKD. There was no significant difference between AUC of 4β-OHC-4α-OHC and AUC of plasma 4β-OHC concentration in general adults and in patients with CKD. AUC of 4β-OHC-4α-OHC was significantly smaller than that of 4β-OHC/TC ratio in general adults (p = 0.025), but the two indices did not differ in patients with CKD. In conclusion, in the present cross-sectional evaluation of CYP3A activity in general adults and in patients with CKD with CYP3A5*1 allele, the usefulness of 4β-OHC-4α-OHC was not different from plasma 4β-OHC concentration or 4β-OHC/TC ratio. However, because of the limitations in study design and subject selection of this research, these findings require verification in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Oda
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical ResearchMeiji Pharmaceutical UniversityKiyose, TokyoJapan
| | - Yosuke Suzuki
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical ResearchMeiji Pharmaceutical UniversityKiyose, TokyoJapan
| | - Haruki Sato
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical ResearchMeiji Pharmaceutical UniversityKiyose, TokyoJapan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health SciencesNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical SciencesYokohamaKanagawaJapan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Clinical PharmacyOita University HospitalYufu‐shiOitaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Ono
- Department of Clinical PharmacyOita University HospitalYufu‐shiOitaJapan
| | - Ryosuke Tatsuta
- Department of Clinical PharmacyOita University HospitalYufu‐shiOitaJapan
| | - Tadasuke Ando
- Department of Urology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityYufu‐shiOitaJapan
| | - Toshitaka Shin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of MedicineOita UniversityYufu‐shiOitaJapan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive MedicineNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and PreventionAichi Cancer CenterNagoyaJapan
- Department of Cancer EpidemiologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Hiroki Itoh
- Department of Clinical PharmacyOita University HospitalYufu‐shiOitaJapan
| | - Keiko Ohno
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical ResearchMeiji Pharmaceutical UniversityKiyose, TokyoJapan
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Oda A, Suzuki Y, Yoshijima C, Sato H, Tanaka R, Ono H, Tatsuta R, Ando T, Shin T, Itoh H, Ohno K. Evaluation of effects of indoxyl sulfate and parathyroid hormone on CYP3A activity considering the influence of CYP3A5 gene polymorphisms. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 89:3648-3658. [PMID: 37522799 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Indoxyl sulfate and parathyroid hormone (PTH), which accumulate in chronic kidney disease (CKD), have been reported to reduce cytochrome P450(CYP)3A activity. Homozygotes of the CYP3A5*3 allele have reduced CYP3A5 activity compared to carriers of at least one CYP3A5*1 allele. 4β-Hydroxycholesterol (4β-OHC) has been established as an endogenous substrate reflecting CYP3A activity. 4β-OHC is produced through hydroxylation by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and by autoxidation of cholesterol, whereas 4α-hydroxycholesterol (4α-OHC) is produced solely by autoxidation of cholesterol. This study focused on CKD patients and evaluated the effects of plasma indoxyl sulfate and intact-PTH concentrations on plasma 4β-OHC concentration, 4β-OHC/total cholesterol ratio and 4β-OHC-4α-OHC, with consideration of the influence of CYP3A5 polymorphism. METHODS Sixty-three CKD patients were analysed and divided into CYP3A5 carrier group (n = 26) and non-carrier group (n = 37). RESULTS Plasma indoxyl sulfate significantly correlated inversely with 4β-OHC concentration and with 4β-OHC-4α-OHC in both the CYP3A5*1 carrier group (r = -0.42, P = .034; r = -0.39, P = .050, respectively) and the non-carrier group (r = -0.45, P = .0054; r = -0.39, P = .019, respectively). However, multiple regression analysis did not identify plasma indoxyl sulfate concentration as a significant independent factor associated with any of the CYP3A activity indices. There was no significant correlation between plasma intact-PTH concentration and any of the CYP3A activity indices. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that plasma indoxyl sulfate and intact-PTH concentrations do not have clinically significant effects on CYP3A activity in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Oda
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suzuki
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisato Yoshijima
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Sato
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Yufu-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ono
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Yufu-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tatsuta
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Yufu-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Tadasuke Ando
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Shin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroki Itoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Oita University Hospital, Yufu-shi, Oita, Japan
| | - Keiko Ohno
- Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
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Arakawa H, Kato Y. Emerging Roles of Uremic Toxins and Inflammatory Cytokines in the Alteration of Hepatic Drug Disposition in Patients with Kidney Dysfunction. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1127-1135. [PMID: 36854605 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with kidney dysfunction exhibit distinct pharmacokinetic profiles compared to those with normal kidney function. Hence, it is desirable to monitor the drug efficacy and toxicity caused by fluctuations in plasma drug concentrations associated with kidney dysfunction. Recently, pharmacokinetic information of drugs excreted mainly through the urine of patients with kidney dysfunction has been reported via drug-labeling information. Pharmacokinetic changes in drugs mainly eliminated by the liver cannot be overlooked as drug metabolism and/or transport activity in the liver may also be altered in patients with kidney dysfunction; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To plan an appropriate dosage regimen, it is necessary to clarify the underlying processes of functional changes in pharmacokinetic proteins. In recent years, uremic toxins have been shown to reduce the activity and/or expression of renal and hepatic transporters. This inhibitory effect has been reported to be time-dependent. In addition, inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6, released from immune cells activated by uremic toxins and/or kidney injury can reduce the expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in human hepatocytes. In this mini-review, we have summarized the renal and hepatic pharmacokinetic changes as well as the potential underlying mechanisms in kidney dysfunction, such as the chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Patients with kidney dysfunction exhibit distinct pharmacokinetic profiles compared to those with normal kidney function. Increased plasma concentrations of uremic toxins and inflammatory cytokines during kidney disease may potentially affect the activities and/or expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in the liver and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yukio Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Taya Y, Mizunaga M, Nakao S, Jutanom M, Shimizu N, Nomura Y, Nakagawa K. Clinical Evaluation Based on a New Approach to Improve the Accuracy of 4β-Hydroxycholesterol Measurement as a Biomarker of CYP3A4 Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041576. [PMID: 36838563 PMCID: PMC9967035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examines 4β-Hydroxycholesterol (4β-HC), which is considered to be a potential marker for the CYP3A4 induction of new chemical entities (NCEs) in drug development. To ensure the use of 4β-HC as a practical biomarker, it is necessary to accurately measure 4β-HC and demonstrate that CYP3A4 induction can be appropriately assessed, even for weak inducers. In clinical trials of NCEs, plasma is often collected with various anticoagulants, in some cases, the plasma is acidified, then stored for an extended period. In this study, we examined the effects of these manipulations on the measurement of 4β-HC, and based on the results, we optimized the plasma collection and storage protocols. We also found that a cholesterol oxidation product is formed when plasma is stored, and by monitoring the compound, we were able to identify when plasma was stored inappropriately. After evaluating the above, clinical drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies were conducted using two NCEs (novel retinoid-related orphan receptor γ antagonists). The weak CYP3A4 induction by the NCEs (which were determined based on a slight decline in the systemic exposure of a probe substrate (midazolam)), was detected by the significant increase in 4β-HC levels (more specifically, 4β-HC/total cholesterol ratios). Our new approach, based on monitoring a cholesterol oxidation product to identify plasma that is stored inappropriately, allowed for the accurate measurement of 4β-HC, and thus, it enabled the evaluation of weak CYP3A4 inducers in clinical studies without using a probe substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Taya
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Takatsuki 569-1125, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Mizunaga
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Takatsuki 569-1125, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nakao
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Takatsuki 569-1125, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mirinthorn Jutanom
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naoki Shimizu
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Nomura
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., Takatsuki 569-1125, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Miyagi, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +81-22-757-4417
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