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Wong EYL, Loh GOK, Goh CZ, Tan YTF, Ng SSM, Law KB, Cheah KY, Mohd HF, Peh KK. Sample preparation and quantification of polar drug, allopurinol, in human plasma using LCMSMS. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2022; 28:35-46. [PMID: 35668610 DOI: 10.1177/14690667221105837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A fast, selective and reproducible LC-MS/MS method with simple sample preparation was developed and validated for a polar compound, allopurinol in human plasma, using acyclovir as internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was achieved using Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 (100 × 2.1 mmID, 2.7 µm) analytical column. The mobile phase was comprised of 0.1%v/v formic acid-methanol (95:05; v/v), at a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min. The effect of different protein precipitation agents used in sample preparation such as methanol, acetonitrile, a mixture of acetonitrile-methanol and a mixture of acetonitrile-acetone were evaluated to optimize the extraction efficiency of allopurinol and IS. The use of acetone-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) as protein precipitating agent shortened the sample preparation time and improved the recovery of allopurinol to above 93%. The IS-normalised matrix factors at two concentration levels were 1.0, with CV of 5.1% and 4.2%. Allopurinol in plasma was stable at benchtop for 24 h, in autosampler tray for 48 h, in instrumentation room for 48 h, in freezer after 7 freeze-thaw cycles and in freezer for 140 days. Allopurinol stock standard solutions were stable for 140 days at room temperature and in the chiller. The short sample run time of the validated bioanalytical method allowed high throughput analysis of plasma samples in pharmacokinetic study of an allopurinol formulation. The robustness and reproducibility of the bioanalytical method was reaffirmed through incurred sample reanalysis (ISR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chen Zhu Goh
- 619929Bioxis Sdn Bhd, Simpang Ampat, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | | | - Sharon Shi Min Ng
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, 576396Ampang Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kian Boon Law
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, 576396Ampang Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kit Yee Cheah
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, 576396Ampang Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hani Farhana Mohd
- Centre for Clinical Trial, Institute for Clinical Research, 576396Ampang Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ampang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kok Khiang Peh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 26689Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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H LD, D. SN, Pandey S, T Y, Chandra V, G TS. Impact of uterine epithelial cells and its conditioned medium on the in vitro embryo production in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2022; 183:61-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pandey S, Ahmad Bhat I, Kumar Bharti M, Shabir U, Ahmad Peer B, Baiju I, Sonwane A, Chandra V, Sai Kumar G, Taru Sharma G. Progesterone modulates adhesion molecules in uterine epithelial cells and in vitro embryo production in buffalo. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:833-843. [PMID: 32335951 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the role of progesterone (P4) in modulation of the expression profile of adhesion-related molecules in uterine epithelial cells (UECs) and in vitro blastocyst production in buffalo. UECs were isolated from slaughterhouse-derived uteri by enzymatic treatment, and cells were characterized by immunocytochemistry (ICC) and PCR assays. The well-characterized UECs were exposed to different concentrations of P4 (0, 0.314, 3.14 and 6.28 ng/ml) along with the basal level of oestradiol for 6 days. Thereafter, the relative mRNA expression of different biomolecules such as mucin 1 (MUC1), osteopontin, integrin alpha (α3, α6 and αV) and beta (β1 and β3) subunits, progesterone receptor (PR) and oestrogen receptor, was evaluated. Further, day 2 post-insemination embryos were cultured in mSOF supplemented with or without P4. UECs were found positive for cytokeratin expression and negative for vimentin expression. Progesterone treatment significantly enhanced the mRNA expression of most of the transcripts compared with the control group, and correspondingly, the immunofluorescence depicted higher protein expression of all these molecules. Further, the long-term exposure of UECs to P4 downregulated the expression of PR and, concomitantly, MUC1. Progesterone supplementation to embryo culture medium significantly (p < .05) improved the blastocyst rate. The study demonstrates the role of P4 hormone in modulation of the expression of early implantation-related biomolecules in uterine epithelial cells; hence, adequate level of steroids is crucial for normal embryo development and its implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriti Pandey
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Bharti
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, RGSC, BHU, Barkachha, India
| | - Uffaq Shabir
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Bilal Ahmad Peer
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Indu Baiju
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Arvind Sonwane
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Vikash Chandra
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Gutulla Sai Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Gutulla Taru Sharma
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Aldarmahi A. Establishment and characterization of female reproductive tract epithelial cell culture. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2017; 5:105-110. [PMID: 30023243 PMCID: PMC6025759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The oviductal and uterine epithelial cells have a crucial role, but are still poorly understood. Numerous studies have tried to isolate the epithelial cells from different organs in various models. The current study aimed to establish and characterize an in vitro monolayer culture of the oviduct and uterine horn epithelial cells by using two different techniques. Female reproductive epithelial cells from sows were cultured in follicular phase. Combined protocols to isolate the epithelial cells were performed. The viability and cell number were determined. Monolayers of epithelial cells from each group were cultured in four-well plates and were subjected to immunostaining using a Vector ABC Elite Kit. The immunohistochemical staining step was performed to evaluate the quality of the epithelial cells. Oviductal cells reached confluence faster than uterine horn cells. Cilia were seen in oviduct and uterine horn tissue culture. All the isolated cells reached confluence prior to harvesting. The number of cells was increased over the time of incubation. Monolayer culture using the trypsin/EDTA method took longer than culture with the collagenase method. Immunohistochemistry of epithelial cells showed strong staining for cytokeratin. Oviductal and uterus epithelial cells were cultured and established. Both techniques used in this experiment were useful and showed no significant differences. This cell culture model has the potential to study the secretory interactions of the female reproductive tract with spermatozoa, oocytesor embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Aldarmahi
- College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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