1
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Goode BL, Eskin J, Shekhar S. Mechanisms of actin disassembly and turnover. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202309021. [PMID: 37948068 PMCID: PMC10638096 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202309021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular actin networks exhibit a wide range of sizes, shapes, and architectures tailored to their biological roles. Once assembled, these filamentous networks are either maintained in a state of polarized turnover or induced to undergo net disassembly. Further, the rates at which the networks are turned over and/or dismantled can vary greatly, from seconds to minutes to hours or even days. Here, we review the molecular machinery and mechanisms employed in cells to drive the disassembly and turnover of actin networks. In particular, we highlight recent discoveries showing that specific combinations of conserved actin disassembly-promoting proteins (cofilin, GMF, twinfilin, Srv2/CAP, coronin, AIP1, capping protein, and profilin) work in concert to debranch, sever, cap, and depolymerize actin filaments, and to recharge actin monomers for new rounds of assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce L. Goode
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Julian Eskin
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Shashank Shekhar
- Departments of Physics, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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2
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Han X, Hu Z, Surya W, Ma Q, Zhou F, Nordenskiöld L, Torres J, Lu L, Miao Y. The intrinsically disordered region of coronins fine-tunes oligomerization and actin polymerization. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112594. [PMID: 37269287 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronins play critical roles in actin network formation. The diverse functions of coronins are regulated by the structured N-terminal β propeller and the C-terminal coiled coil (CC). However, less is known about a middle "unique region" (UR), which is an intrinsically disordered region (IDR). The UR/IDR is an evolutionarily conserved signature in the coronin family. By integrating biochemical and cell biology experiments, coarse-grained simulations, and protein engineering, we find that the IDR optimizes the biochemical activities of coronins in vivo and in vitro. The budding yeast coronin IDR plays essential roles in regulating Crn1 activity by fine-tuning CC oligomerization and maintaining Crn1 as a tetramer. The IDR-guided optimization of Crn1 oligomerization is critical for F-actin cross-linking and regulation of Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization. The final oligomerization status and homogeneity of Crn1 are contributed by three examined factors: helix packing, the energy landscape of the CC, and the length and molecular grammar of the IDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Han
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Zixin Hu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Wahyu Surya
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Qianqian Ma
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Lars Nordenskiöld
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Jaume Torres
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Lanyuan Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
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3
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Albraiki S, Ajiboye O, Sargent R, Beck MR. Functional comparison of full-length palladin to isolated actin binding domain. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4638. [PMID: 37027210 PMCID: PMC10117391 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Palladin is an actin binding protein that is specifically upregulated in metastatic cancer cells but also colocalizes with actin stress fibers in normal cells and is critical for embryonic development as well as wound healing. Of nine isoforms present in humans, only the 90 kDa isoform of palladin, comprising three immunoglobulin (Ig) domains and one proline-rich region, is ubiquitously expressed. Previous work has established that the Ig3 domain of palladin is the minimal binding site for F-actin. In this work, we compare functions of the 90 kDa isoform of palladin to the isolated actin binding domain. To understand the mechanism of action for how palladin can influence actin assembly, we monitored F-actin binding and bundling as well as actin polymerization, depolymerization, and copolymerization. Together, these results demonstrate that there are key differences between the Ig3 domain and full-length palladin in actin binding stoichiometry, polymerization, and interactions with G-actin. Understanding the role of palladin in regulating the actin cytoskeleton may help us develop means to prevent cancer cells from reaching the metastatic stage of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharifah Albraiki
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryWichita State UniversityWichitaKansasUSA
- Department of Chemistry and GeosciencesJacksonville State UniversityJacksonvilleAlabamaUSA
| | - Oluwatosin Ajiboye
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryWichita State UniversityWichitaKansasUSA
| | - Rachel Sargent
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryWichita State UniversityWichitaKansasUSA
| | - Moriah R. Beck
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryWichita State UniversityWichitaKansasUSA
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4
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Wang Y, Ma L, Jia S, Liu D, Gu H, Wei X, Ma W, Luo W, Bai Y, Wang W, Yuan Z. Serum exosomal coronin 1A and dynamin 2 as neural tube defect biomarkers. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1307-1319. [PMID: 35915349 PMCID: PMC9402777 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02236-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract No highly specific and sensitive biomarkers have been identified for early diagnosis of neural tube defects (NTDs). In this study, we used proteomics to identify novel proteins specific for NTDs. Our findings revealed three proteins showing differential expression during fetal development. In a rat model of NTDs, we used western blotting to quantify proteins in maternal serum exosomes on gestational days E18, E16, E14, and E12, in serum on E18 and E12, in neural tubes on E18 and E12, and in fetal neural exosomes on E18. The expression of coronin 1A and dynamin 2 was exosome-specific and associated with spina bifida aperta embryogenesis. Furthermore, coronin 1A and dynamin 2 were significantly downregulated in maternal serum exosomes (E12–E18), neural tubes, and fetal neural exosomes. Although downregulation was also observed in serum, the difference was not significant. Differentially expressed proteins were further analyzed in the serum exosomes of pregnant women during gestational weeks 12–40 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The findings revealed that coronin 1A and dynamin 2 showed potential diagnostic efficacy during gestational weeks 12–40, particularly during early gestation (12–18 weeks). Therefore, these two targets are used as candidate NTD screening and diagnostic biomarkers during early gestation. Key messages We used proteomics to identify novel proteins specific for NTDs. CORO1A and DNM2 showed exosome-specific expression and were associated with SBA. CORO1A and DNM2 were downregulated in maternal serum exosomes and FNEs. CORO1A and DNM2 showed good diagnostic efficacy for NTDs during early gestation. These two targets may have applications as NTD screening and diagnostic biomarkers.
Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00109-022-02236-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Neonatal Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Gu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Luo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzuo Bai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Wang Y, Li T, Li H, Liang Y, Mai W, Liu C, Chen H, Huang Y, Zhang Q. CORO1A regulates lipoprotein uptake in Leydig cells exposed to cadmium. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113255. [PMID: 35121256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most common environmental pollutants, which has a long biological half-life. Maternal Cd-exposure in the natural environment causes steroidogenesis defects resulting in spermatogenesis disorder in male offspring. For better understanding its underlying mechanism, we have employed iTRAQ to screen the differentially expressed protein and found that the expression of CORO1A and Cofilin 1 was up-regulated approximately 2 fold in Leydig cells of maternal Cd-exposure offspring. As the major source of steroid hormone, cholesterol is transported to cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis which relies on the remodel of cytoskeleton, then stores in lipid droplets (LDs). However, few studies have focused on the role of cytoskeleton in abnormal steroidogenesis. This study was performed to explore the role of CORO1A in androgen deficiency caused by Cd exposure and its involvement of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake and effects on LDs. We found that Cd resulted in the up-regulation of CORO1A and Cofilin 1, and down-regulation of Profilin 1 in the testis of male offspring with maternal exposure. The structure of filamentous actin was broken, disordered and even crumpled up in Cd-treated R2C cells. F-actin disassembly led to a low uptake of LDL with a reduced number of LDs, followed by decreased total cholesterol and low progesterone production. When CORO1A was silenced, the expression of Cofilin 1 was down-regulated and Profilin 1 was up-regulated in Cd-treated R2C cells. The filamentous actin was rescued and the integrated cytoskeleton prompted LDL uptake, which resulted in the increased total cholesterol and high progesterone production. These findings highlight the crucial role of CORO1A as a cytoskeleton regulatory protein in steroidogenesis, which may help to better understand Cd-induced steroid hormone deficiency in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Wang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haoji Li
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuqing Liang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wanwen Mai
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yadong Huang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qihao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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6
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Tang VW, Nadkarni AV, Brieher WM. Catastrophic actin filament bursting by cofilin, Aip1, and coronin. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:13299-13313. [PMID: 32723865 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cofilin is an actin filament severing protein necessary for fast actin turnover dynamics. Coronin and Aip1 promote cofilin-mediated actin filament disassembly, but the mechanism is somewhat controversial. An early model proposed that the combination of cofilin, coronin, and Aip1 disassembled filaments in bursts. A subsequent study only reported severing. Here, we used EM to show that actin filaments convert directly into globular material. A monomer trap assay also shows that the combination of all three factors produces actin monomers faster than any two factors alone. We show that coronin accelerates the release of Pi from actin filaments and promotes highly cooperative cofilin binding to actin to create long stretches of polymer with a hypertwisted morphology. Aip1 attacks these hypertwisted regions along their sides, disintegrating them into monomers or short oligomers. The results are consistent with a catastrophic mode of disassembly, not enhanced severing alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian W Tang
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Ambika V Nadkarni
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - William M Brieher
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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7
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Bowes C, Redd M, Yousfi M, Tauzin M, Murayama E, Herbomel P. Coronin 1A depletion restores the nuclear stability and viability of Aip1/Wdr1-deficient neutrophils. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3258-3271. [PMID: 31471458 PMCID: PMC6781450 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201901024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bowes et al. show that in zebrafish embryos deficient in the cofilin cofactor AIP1/Wdr1, neutrophils display F-actin as cytoplasmic aggregates, spatially uncoupled from active myosin, then undergo a progressive unwinding of their nucleus followed by eruptive cell death. This adverse phenotype is fully rescued by depletion of another cofilin cofactor, coronin 1A. Actin dynamics is central for cells, and especially for the fast-moving leukocytes. The severing of actin filaments is mainly achieved by cofilin, assisted by Aip1/Wdr1 and coronins. We found that in Wdr1-deficient zebrafish embryos, neutrophils display F-actin cytoplasmic aggregates and a complete spatial uncoupling of phospho-myosin from F-actin. They then undergo an unprecedented gradual disorganization of their nucleus followed by eruptive cell death. Their cofilin is mostly unphosphorylated and associated with F-actin, thus likely outcompeting myosin for F-actin binding. Myosin inhibition reproduces in WT embryos the nuclear instability and eruptive death of neutrophils seen in Wdr1-deficient embryos. Strikingly, depletion of the main coronin of leukocytes, coronin 1A, fully restores the cortical location of F-actin, nuclear integrity, viability, and mobility of Wdr1-deficient neutrophils in vivo. Our study points to an essential role of actomyosin contractility in maintaining the integrity of the nucleus of neutrophils and a new twist in the interplay of cofilin, Wdr1, and coronin in regulating F-actin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charnese Bowes
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR3738, Paris, France
| | - Michael Redd
- University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Malika Yousfi
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR3738, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Tauzin
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR3738, Paris, France
| | - Emi Murayama
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR3738, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Herbomel
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Paris, France .,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR3738, Paris, France
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8
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Scherer AN, Anand NS, Koleske AJ. Cortactin stabilization of actin requires actin-binding repeats and linker, is disrupted by specific substitutions, and is independent of nucleotide state. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:13022-13032. [PMID: 29929984 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin-binding protein cortactin promotes the formation and maintenance of actin-rich structures, including lamellipodial protrusions in fibroblasts and neuronal dendritic spines. Cortactin cellular functions have been attributed to its activation of the Arp2/3 complex, which stimulates actin branch nucleation, and to its recruitment of Rho family GTPase regulators. Cortactin also binds actin filaments and significantly slows filament depolymerization, but the mechanism by which it does so and the relationship between actin binding and stabilization are unclear. Here we elucidated the cortactin regions that are necessary and sufficient for actin filament binding and stabilization. Using actin cosedimentation assays, we found that the cortactin repeat region binds actin but that the adjacent linker region is required for binding with the same affinity as full-length cortactin. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to measure the rates of single filament actin depolymerization, we observed that cortactin-actin interactions are sufficient to stabilize actin filaments. Moreover, conserved charged residues in repeat 4 were necessary for high-affinity actin binding, and substitution of these residues significantly impaired cortactin-mediated actin stabilization. Cortactin bound actin with higher affinity than did its paralog, hematopoietic cell-specific Lyn substrate 1 (HS1), and the effects on actin stability were specific to cortactin. Finally, cortactin stabilized ADP-actin filaments, indicating that the stabilization mechanism does not depend on the actin nucleotide state. Together, these results indicate that cortactin binding to actin is necessary and sufficient to stabilize filaments in a concentration-dependent manner, specific to conserved residues in the cortactin repeats, and independent of the actin nucleotide state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony J Koleske
- Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, and .,Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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9
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Actin-binding protein coronin 1A controls osteoclastic bone resorption by regulating lysosomal secretion of cathepsin K. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41710. [PMID: 28300073 PMCID: PMC5353622 DOI: 10.1038/srep41710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts degrade bone matrix proteins via the secretion of lysosomal enzymes. However, the precise mechanisms by which lysosomal components are transported and fused to the bone-apposed plasma membrane, termed ruffled border membrane, remain elusive. Here, we identified coronin 1A as a negative regulator of exocytotic release of cathepsin K, one of the most important bone-degrading enzymes in osteoclasts. The modulation of coronin 1A expression did not alter osteoclast differentiation and extracellular acidification, but strongly affected the secretion of cathepsin K and osteoclast bone-resorption activity, suggesting the coronin 1A-mediated regulation of lysosomal trafficking and protease exocytosis. Further analyses suggested that coronin 1A prevented the lipidation-mediated sorting of the autophagy-related protein LC3 to the ruffled border and attenuated lysosome-plasma membrane fusion. In this process, the interactions between coronin 1A and actin were crucial. Collectively, our findings indicate that coronin 1A is a pivotal component that regulates lysosomal fusion and the secretion pathway in osteoclast-lineage cells and may provide a novel therapeutic target for bone diseases.
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10
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Tokarz-Deptuła B, Malinowska M, Adamiak M, Deptuła W. Coronins and their role in immunological phenomena. Cent Eur J Immunol 2017; 41:435-441. [PMID: 28450807 PMCID: PMC5382889 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2016.65143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronins are a large family of proteins occurring in many eukaryotes. In mammals, seven coronin genes have been identified, evidencing that coronins 1 to 6 present classic coronin structure, while coronin 7 is a tandem coronin particle, without a spiral domain, although the best characterised coronin, in terms of both structure and function, is the mammalian coronin 1. It has been proven that they are related to regulation of actin dynamics, e.g. as a result of interaction with the complex of proteins Arp2/3. These proteins also modulate the activity of immune system cells, including lymphocyte T and B cells, neutrophils and macrophages. They are involved in bacterial infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. leprae and Helicobacter pylori and participate in the response to viral infections, e.g. infections of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSV). Also their involvement in autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus has been recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mateusz Adamiak
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wiesław Deptuła
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Szczecin, Poland
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11
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Characterization of Novel Molecular Mechanisms Favoring Rac1 Membrane Translocation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166715. [PMID: 27835684 PMCID: PMC5105943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rac1 GTPase plays key roles in cytoskeletal organization, cell motility and a variety of physiological and disease-linked responses. Wild type Rac1 signaling entails dissociation of the GTPase from cytosolic Rac1-Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) complexes, translocation to membranes, activation by exchange factors, effector binding, and activation of downstream signaling cascades. Out of those steps, membrane translocation is the less understood. Using transfections of a expression cDNA library in cells expressing a Rac1 bioreporter, we previously identified a cytoskeletal feedback loop nucleated by the F-actin binding protein coronin 1A (Coro1A) that promotes Rac1 translocation to the plasma membrane by facilitating the Pak-dependent dissociation of Rac1-Rho GDI complexes. This screening identified other potential regulators of this process, including WDR26, basigin, and TMEM8A. Here, we show that WDR26 promotes Rac1 translocation following a Coro1A-like and Coro1A-dependent mechanism. By contrast, basigin and TMEM8A stabilize Rac1 at the plasma membrane by inhibiting the internalization of caveolin-rich membrane subdomains. This latter pathway is F-actin-dependent but Coro1A-, Pak- and Rho GDI-independent.
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12
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Srivastava R, Prasadareddy Kajuluri L, Pathak N, Gupta CM, Sahasrabuddhe AA. Oligomerization of coronin: Implication on actin filament length inLeishmania. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2016; 72:621-32. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Srivastava
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sector-10; Lucknow India
- Department of Biosciences; Integral University; Lucknow India
| | - Lova Prasadareddy Kajuluri
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sector-10; Lucknow India
| | - Neelam Pathak
- Department of Biosciences; Integral University; Lucknow India
| | - Chhitar M. Gupta
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology; Bangalore India
| | - Amogh A. Sahasrabuddhe
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sector-10; Lucknow India
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13
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Olshina MA, Angrisano F, Marapana DS, Riglar DT, Bane K, Wong W, Catimel B, Yin MX, Holmes AB, Frischknecht F, Kovar DR, Baum J. Plasmodium falciparum coronin organizes arrays of parallel actin filaments potentially guiding directional motility in invasive malaria parasites. Malar J 2015; 14:280. [PMID: 26187846 PMCID: PMC4506582 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gliding motility in Plasmodium parasites, the aetiological agents of malaria disease, is mediated by
an actomyosin motor anchored in the outer pellicle of the motile cell. Effective motility is dependent on a parasite myosin motor and turnover of dynamic parasite actin filaments. To date, however, the basis for directional motility is not known. Whilst myosin is very likely orientated as a result of its anchorage within the parasite, how actin filaments are orientated to facilitate directional force generation remains unexplained. In addition, recent evidence has questioned the linkage between actin filaments and secreted surface antigens leaving the way by which motor force is transmitted to the extracellular milieu unknown. Malaria parasites possess a markedly reduced repertoire of actin regulators, among which few are predicted to interact with filamentous (F)-actin directly. One of these, PF3D7_1251200, shows strong homology to the coronin family of actin-filament binding proteins, herein referred to as PfCoronin. Methods Here the N terminal beta propeller domain of PfCoronin (PfCor-N) was expressed to assess its ability to bind and bundle pre-formed actin filaments by sedimentation assay, total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and confocal imaging as well as to explore its ability to bind phospholipids. In parallel a tagged PfCoronin line in Plasmodium falciparum was generated to determine the cellular localization of the protein during asexual parasite development and blood-stage merozoite invasion. Results A combination of biochemical approaches demonstrated that the N-terminal beta-propeller domain of PfCoronin is capable of binding F-actin and facilitating formation of parallel filament bundles. In parasites, PfCoronin is expressed late in the asexual lifecycle and localizes to the pellicle region of invasive merozoites before and during erythrocyte entry. PfCoronin also associates strongly with membranes within the cell, likely mediated by interactions with phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) at the plasma membrane. Conclusions These data suggest PfCoronin may fulfil a key role as the critical determinant of actin filament organization in the Plasmodium cell. This raises the possibility that macro-molecular organization of actin mediates directional motility in gliding parasites. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0801-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A Olshina
- Infection and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Fiona Angrisano
- Infection and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Danushka S Marapana
- Infection and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - David T Riglar
- Infection and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave WAB 536, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Kartik Bane
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Wilson Wong
- Infection and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Bruno Catimel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne Tumour Biology Branch, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Meng-Xin Yin
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Andrew B Holmes
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Friedrich Frischknecht
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - David R Kovar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA.
| | - Jake Baum
- Infection and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia. .,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Level 6, South Kensington, London, SW72AZ, UK.
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Ojeda V, Robles-Valero J, Barreira M, Bustelo XR. The disease-linked Glu-26-Lys mutant version of Coronin 1A exhibits pleiotropic and pathway-specific signaling defects. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2895-912. [PMID: 26108624 PMCID: PMC4571328 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-01-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronin 1A is involved in cell shape dynamics and Rac1 GTPase signaling. Loss-of-function mutations in the Coro1A gene promote severe immunodeficiency. An immunodeficiency-linked Coro1A point mutant is described that becomes dysfunctional due to changes in actin-binding, actin-remodeling, and signaling activities. Coronin 1A (Coro1A) is involved in cytoskeletal and signaling events, including the regulation of Rac1 GTPase– and myosin II–dependent pathways. Mutations that generate truncated or unstable Coro1A proteins cause immunodeficiencies in both humans and rodents. However, in the case of the peripheral T-cell–deficient (Ptcd) mouse strain, the immunodeficiency is caused by a Glu-26-Lys mutation that targets a surface-exposed residue unlikely to affect the intramolecular architecture and stability of the protein. Here we report that this mutation induces pleiotropic effects in Coro1A protein, including the exacerbation of Coro1A-dependent actin-binding and -bundling activities; the formation of large meshworks of Coro1AE26K-decorated filaments endowed with unusual organizational, functional, and staining properties; and the elimination of Coro1A functions associated with both Rac1 and myosin II signaling. By contrast, it does not affect the ability of Coro1A to stimulate the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NF-AT). Coro1AE26K is not a dominant-negative mutant, indicating that its pathological effects are derived from the inability to rescue the complete loss of the wild-type counterpart in cells. These results indicate that Coro1AE26K behaves as either a recessive gain-of-function or loss-of-function mutant protein, depending on signaling context and presence of the wild-type counterpart in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Ojeda
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Robles-Valero
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Barreira
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Xosé R Bustelo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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15
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Hanč P, Fujii T, Iborra S, Yamada Y, Huotari J, Schulz O, Ahrens S, Kjær S, Way M, Sancho D, Namba K, Reis e Sousa C. Structure of the Complex of F-Actin and DNGR-1, a C-Type Lectin Receptor Involved in Dendritic Cell Cross-Presentation of Dead Cell-Associated Antigens. Immunity 2015; 42:839-849. [PMID: 25979418 PMCID: PMC5066845 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
DNGR-1 is a C-type lectin receptor that binds F-actin exposed by dying cells and facilitates cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens by dendritic cells. Here we present the structure of DNGR-1 bound to F-actin at 7.7 Å resolution. Unusually for F-actin binding proteins, the DNGR-1 ligand binding domain contacts three actin subunits helically arranged in the actin filament, bridging over two protofilaments, as well as two neighboring actin subunits along one protofilament. Mutation of residues predicted to mediate ligand binding led to loss of DNGR-1-dependent cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens, formally demonstrating that the latter depends on F-actin recognition. Notably, DNGR-1 has relatively modest affinity for F-actin but multivalent interactions allow a marked increase in binding strength. Our findings shed light on modes of actin binding by cellular proteins and reveal how extracellular detection of cytoskeletal components by dedicated receptors allows immune monitoring of loss of cellular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hanč
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Takashi Fujii
- Riken Quantitative Biology Center, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Salvador Iborra
- Immunobiology of Inflammation Laboratory, Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yurika Yamada
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jatta Huotari
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Oliver Schulz
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Susan Ahrens
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Svend Kjær
- Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Michael Way
- Cell Motility Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology of Inflammation Laboratory, Department of Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Keiichi Namba
- Riken Quantitative Biology Center, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Caetano Reis e Sousa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln’s Inn Fields Laboratory, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
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16
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Cryo-EM reveals different coronin binding modes for ADP- and ADP-BeFx actin filaments. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2014; 21:1075-81. [PMID: 25362487 PMCID: PMC4388421 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Essential cellular processes involving the actin cytoskeleton are regulated by auxiliary proteins which can sense the nucleotide state of actin. Here we report cryo electron microscopy (cryoEM) structures at 8.6 Å resolution for ADP- and ADP-BeFx- (mimicking ADP-Pi) bound actin filaments in complex with the β-propeller domain (residues 1–600) of yeast coronin 1 (crn1). Our structures identify the main differences in the interaction of coronin with the two nucleotide states of F-actin. We derived pseudo-atomic models by fitting the atomic structures of actin and coronin into these structures. The identified binding interfaces on actin were confirmed by chemical crosslinking, fluorescence spectroscopy and actin mutagenesis. Importantly, the structures of actin and coronin mapped in this study offer a structural explanation for the nucleotide-dependent effects of coronin on cofilin-assisted remodeling of F-actin.
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17
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Vorwerk S, Krieger V, Deiwick J, Hensel M, Hansmeier N. Proteomes of host cell membranes modified by intracellular activities of Salmonella enterica. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 14:81-92. [PMID: 25348832 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.041145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular pathogens need to establish a growth-stimulating host niche for survival and replication. A unique feature of the gastrointestinal pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is the creation of extensive membrane networks within its host. An understanding of the origin and function of these membranes is crucial for the development of new treatment strategies. However, the characterization of this compartment is very challenging, and only fragmentary knowledge of its composition and biogenesis exists. Here, we describe a new proteome-based approach to enrich and characterize Salmonella-modified membranes. Using a Salmonella mutant strain that does not form this unique membrane network as a reference, we identified a high-confidence set of host proteins associated with Salmonella-modified membranes. This comprehensive analysis allowed us to reconstruct the interactions of Salmonella with host membranes. For example, we noted that Salmonella redirects endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane trafficking to its intracellular niche, a finding that has not been described for Salmonella previously. Our system-wide approach therefore has the potential to rapidly close gaps in our knowledge of the infection process of intracellular pathogens and demonstrates a hitherto unrecognized complexity in the formation of Salmonella host niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Vorwerk
- From the ‡Division of Microbiology, School of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Viktoria Krieger
- From the ‡Division of Microbiology, School of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jörg Deiwick
- From the ‡Division of Microbiology, School of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michael Hensel
- From the ‡Division of Microbiology, School of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Nicole Hansmeier
- From the ‡Division of Microbiology, School of Biology/Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
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18
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Steering cell migration: lamellipodium dynamics and the regulation of directional persistence. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014; 15:577-90. [PMID: 25145849 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Membrane protrusions at the leading edge of cells, known as lamellipodia, drive cell migration in many normal and pathological situations. Lamellipodial protrusion is powered by actin polymerization, which is mediated by the actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3)-induced nucleation of branched actin networks and the elongation of actin filaments. Recently, advances have been made in our understanding of positive and negative ARP2/3 regulators (such as the SCAR/WAVE (SCAR/WASP family verprolin-homologous protein) complex and Arpin, respectively) and of proteins that control actin branch stability (such as glial maturation factor (GMF)) or actin filament elongation (such as ENA/VASP proteins) in lamellipodium dynamics and cell migration. This Review highlights how the balance between actin filament branching and elongation, and between the positive and negative feedback loops that regulate these activities, determines lamellipodial persistence. Importantly, directional persistence, which results from lamellipodial persistence, emerges as a critical factor in steering cell migration.
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19
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Skorokhod OA, Barrera V, Heller R, Carta F, Turrini F, Arese P, Schwarzer E. Malarial pigment hemozoin impairs chemotactic motility and transendothelial migration of monocytes via 4-hydroxynonenal. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 75:210-21. [PMID: 25017964 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural hemozoin, nHZ, is avidly phagocytosed in vivo and in vitro by human monocytes. The persistence of the undigested β-hematin core of nHZ in the phagocyte lysosome for long periods of time modifies several cellular immune functions. Here we show that nHZ phagocytosis by human primary monocytes severely impaired their chemotactic motility toward MCP-1, TNF, and FMLP, by approximately 80% each, and their diapedesis across a confluent human umbilical vein endothelial cell layer toward MCP-1 by 45±5%. No inhibition was observed with latex-fed or unfed monocytes. Microscopic inspection revealed polarization defects in nHZ-fed monocytes due to irregular actin polymerization. Phagocytosed nHZ catalyzes the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and generation of the highly reactive derivative 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Similar to nHZ phagocytosis, the exposure of monocytes to in vivo-compatible 4-HNE concentrations inhibited cell motility in both the presence and the absence of chemotactic stimuli, suggesting severe impairment of cytoskeleton dynamics. Consequently, 4-HNE conjugates with the cytoskeleton proteins β-actin and coronin-1A were immunochemically identified in nHZ-fed monocytes and mass spectrometrically localized in domains of protein-protein interactions involved in cytoskeleton reorganization and cell motility. The molecular and functional modifications of actin and coronin by nHZ/4-HNE may also explain impaired phagocytosis, another motility-dependent process previously described in nHZ-fed monocytes. Further studies will show whether impaired monocyte motility may contribute to the immunodepression and the frequent occurrence of secondary infections observed in malaria patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Regine Heller
- Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Franco Turrini
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Arese
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Evelin Schwarzer
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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20
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Salamun J, Kallio JP, Daher W, Soldati-Favre D, Kursula I. Structure of Toxoplasma gondii coronin, an actin-binding protein that relocalizes to the posterior pole of invasive parasites and contributes to invasion and egress. FASEB J 2014; 28:4729-47. [PMID: 25114175 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-252569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Coronins are involved in the regulation of actin dynamics in a multifaceted way, participating in cell migration and vesicular trafficking. Apicomplexan parasites, which exhibit an actin-dependent gliding motility that is essential for traversal through tissues, as well as invasion of and egress from host cells, express only a single coronin, whereas higher eukaryotes possess several isoforms. We set out to characterize the 3-D structure, biochemical function, subcellular localization, and genetic ablation of Toxoplasma gondii coronin (TgCOR), to shed light on its biological role. A combination of X-ray crystallography, small-angle scattering of X-rays, and light scattering revealed the atomic structure of the conserved WD40 domain and the dimeric arrangement of the full-length protein. TgCOR binds to F-actin and increases the rate and extent of actin polymerization. In vivo, TgCOR relocalizes transiently to the posterior pole of motile and invading parasites, independent of actin dynamics, but concomitant to microneme secretory organelle discharge. TgCOR contributes to, but is not essential for, invasion and egress. Taken together, our data point toward a role for TgCOR in stabilizing newly formed, short filaments and F-actin cross-linking, as well as functions linked to endocytosis and recycling of membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Salamun
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Juha P Kallio
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany; and
| | - Wassim Daher
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Soldati-Favre
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Inari Kursula
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany; and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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21
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Coronin1 proteins dictate rac1 intracellular dynamics and cytoskeletal output. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:3388-406. [PMID: 24980436 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00347-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rac1 regulates lamellipodium formation, myosin II-dependent contractility, and focal adhesions during cell migration. While the spatiotemporal assembly of those processes is well characterized, the signaling mechanisms involved remain obscure. We report here that the cytoskeleton-related Coronin1A and -1B proteins control a myosin II inactivation-dependent step that dictates the intracellular dynamics and cytoskeletal output of active Rac1. This step is signaling-branch specific, since it affects the functional competence of active Rac1 only when forming complexes with downstream ArhGEF7 and Pak proteins in actomyosin-rich structures. The pathway is used by default unless Rac1 is actively rerouted away from the structures by upstream activators and signals from other Rho GTPases. These results indicate that Coronin1 proteins are at the center of a regulatory hub that coordinates Rac1 activation, effector exchange, and the F-actin organization state during cell signaling. Targeting this route could be useful to hamper migration of cancer cells harboring oncogenic RAC1 mutations.
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22
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Linking genetics to structural biology: complex heterozygosity screening with actin alanine scan alleles identifies functionally related surfaces on yeast actin. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2014; 4:1491-501. [PMID: 24938290 PMCID: PMC4132179 DOI: 10.1534/g3.114.012054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous genome-level genetic interaction screens with the single essential actin gene of yeast identified 238 nonessential genes that upon deletion result in deleterious, digenic complex haploinsufficiences with an actin null allele. Deletion alleles of these 238 genes were tested for complex heterozygous interactions with 32 actin alanine scan alleles, which target clusters of residues on the surface of actin. A total of 891 deleterious digenic combinations were identified with 203 of the 238 genes. Two-dimensional hierarchical cluster analysis of the interactions identified nine distinct groups, and the alleles within clusters tended to affect localized regions on the surface of actin. The mutants in one cluster all affect electrostatic interactions between stacked subunits in the long pitch helix of the actin filament. A second cluster that contains the most highly interactive alleles may disrupt the tropomyosin/myosin system, as one of the mutants in that cluster cannot support Type V myosin-dependent movement of secretory vesicles in haploids and causes processivity defects in heterozygous diploids. These examples suggest the clusters represent mutations with shared protein−protein interaction defects. These results show that complex heterozygous interaction screens have benefit for detecting actin-related genes and suggest that having actin filaments of mixed composition, containing both mutant and wild-type subunits, presents unique challenges to the cell.
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23
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Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is constantly assembling and disassembling. Cells harness the energy of these turnover dynamics to drive cell motility and organize cytoplasm. Although much is known about how cells control actin polymerization, we do not understand how actin filaments depolymerize inside cells. I briefly describe how the combination of imaging actin filament dynamics in cells and using in vitro biochemistry progressively altered our views of actin depolymerization. I describe why I do not think that the prevailing model of actin filament turnover--cofilin-mediated actin filament severing--can account for actin filament disassembly detected in cells. Finally, I speculate that cells might be able to tune the mechanism of actin depolymerization to meet physiological demands and selectively control the stabilities of different actin arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Brieher
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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24
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Profiling of the soluble proteome in rat hippocampus post propofol anesthesia. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:2661-7. [PMID: 24214022 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1184-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The current study was designed to initially observe the changes in soluble proteome in rat hippocampus post anesthesia, trying to explore possible clues for elucidating the effects of propofol. Soluble proteins were separated by 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Their expressions were observed at 1, 6, 24 h and 7 days after 3 h of propofol anesthesia. Spots exhibiting significant changes among different time-points were submitted to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) assay and peptide mass fingerprinting identification. The expression changes of selected proteins were further assayed using Western blot and RT-PCR. Twenty-six differentially expressed proteins were found and 19 were successfully identified with MALDI-TOF MS. Gene ontology analysis revealed these identified proteins were mainly cytosol (5) and/or cytoskeleton fractions (5). According to biological processes category, 9 proteins take part in development process, 12 are involved in metabolic process and 6 in regulatory function. Functionally, 17 proteins were involved in binding activities among which 12 possessed catalytic activities. Most changes took place within 24 h. Change patterns of selected proteins were identical in 2-DE and Western blot. Three mRNA of 5 selected proteins exhibited similar change patterns with those of their protein expressions. Soluble proteome in rat hippocampus are dynamically affected by propofol, with multiple processes being involved. They are possible explanations for propofol effects but further investigations are required.
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25
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Pieters J, Müller P, Jayachandran R. On guard: coronin proteins in innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2013; 13:510-8. [PMID: 23765056 DOI: 10.1038/nri3465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent work has implicated members of the evolutionarily conserved family of coronin proteins - in particular coronin 1 - in immune homeostasis. Coronins are involved in processes as diverse as pathogen survival in phagocytes and homeostatic T cell signalling. Notably, in both mice and humans, coronin mutations are associated with immune deficiencies and resistance to autoimmunity. In this article, we review what is currently known about these conserved molecules and discuss a potential common mechanism that underlies their diverse activities, which seem to involve cytoskeletal interactions as well as calcium-calcineurin signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Pieters
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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26
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Abstract
Dynamic rearrangement of actin filament networks is critical for cell motility, phagocytosis and endocytosis. Coronins facilitate these processes, in part, by their ability to bind F-actin (filamentous actin). We previously identified a conserved surface-exposed arginine (Arg30) in the β-propeller of Coronin 1B required for F-actin binding in vitro and in vivo. However, whether this finding translates to other coronins has not been well defined. Using quantitative actin-binding assays, we show that mutating the equivalent residue abolishes F-actin binding in Coronin 1A, but not Coronin 1C. By mutagenesis and biochemical competition, we have identified a second actin-binding site in the unique region of Coronin 1C. Interestingly, leading-edge localization of Coronin 1C in fibroblasts requires the conserved site in the β-propeller, but not the site in the unique region. Furthermore, in contrast with Coronin 1A and Coronin 1B, Coronin 1C displays highly co-operative binding to actin filaments. In the present study, we highlight a novel mode of coronin regulation, which has implications for how coronins orchestrate cytoskeletal dynamics.
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Seto S, Tsujimura K, Koide Y. Coronin-1a inhibits autophagosome formation around Mycobacterium tuberculosis-containing phagosomes and assists mycobacterial survival in macrophages. Cell Microbiol 2012; 14:710-27. [PMID: 22256790 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2012.01754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular bacterium that can survive within macrophages. Such survival is potentially associated with Coronin-1a (Coro1a). We investigated the mechanism by which Coro1a promotes the survival of M. tuberculosis in macrophages and found that autophagy was involved in the inhibition of mycobacterial survival in Coro1a knock-down (KD) macrophages. Fluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analyses revealed that LC3, a representative autophagic protein, was recruited to M. tuberculosis-containing phagosomes in Coro1a KD macrophages. Thin-section electron microscopy demonstrated that bacilli were surrounded by the multiple membrane structures in Coro1a KD macrophages. The proportion of LC3-positive mycobacterial phagosomes colocalized with p62/SQSTM1, ubiquitin or LAMP1 increased in Coro1a KD macrophages during infection. These results demonstrate the formation of autophagosomes around M. tuberculosis in Coro1a KD macrophages. Phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was induced in response to M. tuberculosis infection in Coro1a KD macrophages, suggesting that Coro1a blocks the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway involved in autophagosome formation. LC3 recruitment to M. tuberculosis-containing phagosomes was also observed in Coro1a KD alveolar or bone marrow-derived macrophages. These results suggest that Coro1a inhibits autophagosome formation in alveolar macrophages, thereby facilitating M. tuberculosis survival within the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Seto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handa-yama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
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Xavier CP, Rastetter RH, Blömacher M, Stumpf M, Himmel M, Morgan RO, Fernandez MP, Wang C, Osman A, Miyata Y, Gjerset RA, Eichinger L, Hofmann A, Linder S, Noegel AA, Clemen CS. Phosphorylation of CRN2 by CK2 regulates F-actin and Arp2/3 interaction and inhibits cell migration. Sci Rep 2012; 2:241. [PMID: 22355754 PMCID: PMC3268813 DOI: 10.1038/srep00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
CRN2 (synonyms: coronin 1C, coronin 3) functions in the re-organization of the actin network and is implicated in cellular processes like protrusion formation, secretion, migration and invasion. We demonstrate that CRN2 is a binding partner and substrate of protein kinase CK2, which phosphorylates CRN2 at S463 in its C-terminal coiled coil domain. Phosphomimetic S463D CRN2 loses the wild-type CRN2 ability to inhibit actin polymerization, to bundle F-actin, and to bind to the Arp2/3 complex. As a consequence, S463D mutant CRN2 changes the morphology of the F-actin network in the front of lamellipodia. Our data imply that CK2-dependent phosphorylation of CRN2 is involved in the modulation of the local morphology of complex actin structures and thereby inhibits cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles-Peter Xavier
- Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
- Present address: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256, USA
| | - Raphael H. Rastetter
- Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Both authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Margit Blömacher
- Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Stumpf
- Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirko Himmel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reginald O. Morgan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo and University Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Maria-Pilar Fernandez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo and University Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
| | - Conan Wang
- Structural Chemistry, Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia
| | - Asiah Osman
- Structural Chemistry, Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia
| | - Yoshihiko Miyata
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ruth A. Gjerset
- Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, San Diego, California, 92121, USA
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Hofmann
- Structural Chemistry, Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Griffith University, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia
| | - Stefan Linder
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Angelika A. Noegel
- Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christoph S. Clemen
- Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931, Cologne, Germany
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Volkmann N. Putting structure into context: fitting of atomic models into electron microscopic and electron tomographic reconstructions. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2011; 24:141-7. [PMID: 22152946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A complete understanding of complex dynamic cellular processes such as cell migration or cell adhesion requires the integration of atomic level structural information into the larger cellular context. While direct atomic-level information at the cellular level remains inaccessible, electron microscopy, electron tomography and their associated computational image processing approaches have now matured to a point where sub-cellular structures can be imaged in three dimensions at the nanometer scale. Atomic-resolution information obtained by other means can be combined with this data to obtain three-dimensional models of large macromolecular assemblies in their cellular context. This article summarizes some recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Volkmann
- Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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30
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Föger N, Jenckel A, Orinska Z, Lee KH, Chan AC, Bulfone-Paus S. Differential regulation of mast cell degranulation versus cytokine secretion by the actin regulatory proteins Coronin1a and Coronin1b. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 208:1777-87. [PMID: 21844203 PMCID: PMC3171099 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20101757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Coronin1a inhibits mast cell degranulation through actin cytoskeletal dynamics while augmenting cytokine secretion, an effect exacerbated by additional loss of Coronin1b. Mast cell (MC) activation via aggregation of the high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) causes degranulation and release of proinflammatory mediators in a process that involves the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. However, the regulatory pathways and the molecular links between cytoskeletal changes and MC function are incompletely understood. In this study, we provide genetic evidence for a critical role of the actin-regulatory proteins Coronin1a (Coro1a) and Coro1b on exocytic pathways in MCs: Coro1a−/− bone marrow–derived MCs exhibit increased FcεRI-mediated degranulation of secretory lysosomes but significantly reduced secretion of cytokines. Hyperdegranulation of Coro1a−/− MCs is further augmented by the additional loss of Coro1b. In vivo, Coro1a−/−Coro1b−/− mice displayed enhanced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Functional reconstitution assays revealed that the inhibitory effect of Coro1a on MC degranulation strictly correlates with cortical localization of Coro1a, requires its filamentous actin–binding activity, and is regulated by phosphorylation of Ser2 of Coro1a. Thus, coronin proteins, and in turn the actin cytoskeleton, exhibit a functional dichotomy as differential regulators of degranulation versus cytokine secretion in MC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niko Föger
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Research Center Borstel, 23845 Borstel, Germany.
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Liu SL, Needham KM, May JR, Nolen BJ. Mechanism of a concentration-dependent switch between activation and inhibition of Arp2/3 complex by coronin. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:17039-46. [PMID: 21454476 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.219964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Arp2/3 complex is a key actin filament nucleator that assembles branched actin networks in response to cellular signals. The activity of Arp2/3 complex is regulated by both activating and inhibitory proteins. Coronins make up a large class of actin-binding proteins previously shown to inhibit Arp2/3 complex. Although coronins are known to play a role in controlling actin dynamics in diverse processes, including endocytosis and cell motility, the precise mechanism by which they regulate Arp2/3 complex is unclear. We conducted a detailed biochemical analysis of budding yeast coronin, Crn1, and found that it not only inhibits Arp2/3 complex but also activates it. We mapped regions required for activation and found that Crn1 contains a sequence called CA, which is conserved in WASp/Scar proteins, the prototypical activators of Arp2/3 complex. Point mutations in CA abolished activation of Arp2/3 complex by Crn1 in vitro. Confocal microscopy and quantitative actin patch tracking showed that these mutants had defective endocytic actin patch dynamics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, indicating that activation of Arp2/3 complex by coronin is required for normal actin dynamics in vivo. The switch between the dual modes of regulation by Crn1 is controlled by concentration, and low concentrations of Crn1 enhance filament binding by Arp2/3 complex, whereas high concentrations block binding. Our data support a direct tethering recruitment model for activation of Arp2/3 complex by Crn1 and suggest that Crn1 indirectly inhibits Arp2/3 complex by blocking it from binding actin filaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Ling Liu
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1229, USA
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32
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Mueller P, Liu X, Pieters J. Migration and Homeostasis of Naive T Cells Depends on Coronin 1-Mediated Prosurvival Signals and Not on Coronin 1-Dependent Filamentous Actin Modulation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:4039-50. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Shina MC, Müller-Taubenberger A, Ünal C, Schleicher M, Steinert M, Eichinger L, Müller R, Blau-Wasser R, Glöckner G, Noegel AA. Redundant and unique roles of coronin proteins in Dictyostelium. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:303-13. [PMID: 20640912 PMCID: PMC11114531 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 05/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dictyostelium discoideum harbors a short (CRN12) and a long coronin (CRN7) composed of one and two beta-propellers, respectively. They are primarily present in the cell cortex and cells lacking CRN12 (corA⁻) or CRN7 (corB⁻) have defects in actin driven processes. We compared the characteristics of a mutant cell line (corA⁻/corB⁻) lacking CRN12 and CRN7 with the single mutants focusing on cytokinesis, phagocytosis, chemotaxis and development. Cytokinesis, uptake of small particles, and developmental defects were not enhanced in the corA⁻/corB⁻ strain as compared to the single mutants, whereas motility and phagocytosis of yeast particles were more severely impaired. It appears that although both proteins affect the same processes they do not act in a redundant manner. Rather, they often act antagonistically, which is in accordance with their proposed roles in the actin cytoskeleton where CRN12 acts in actin disassembly whereas CRN7 stabilizes actin filaments and protects them from disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C. Shina
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Annette Müller-Taubenberger
- Institute for Cell Biology and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Can Ünal
- Institute for Microbiology, Technical University Braunschweig, 38106 Brunswick, Germany
- Present Address: Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Malmö, University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Michael Schleicher
- Institute for Cell Biology and Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Steinert
- Institute for Microbiology, Technical University Braunschweig, 38106 Brunswick, Germany
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Rosemarie Blau-Wasser
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Gernot Glöckner
- Leibniz Institute for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 301, 12587 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika A. Noegel
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC) and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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34
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Gandhi M, Jangi M, Goode BL. Functional surfaces on the actin-binding protein coronin revealed by systematic mutagenesis. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:34899-908. [PMID: 20813846 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.171496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronin is a conserved actin-binding protein that co-functions with ADF/cofilin and Arp2/3 complex to govern cellular actin dynamics. Despite emerging roles for coronin in a range of physiological processes and disease states, a detailed understanding of the molecular interactions of coronin with actin and other binding partners has been lacking. Here, we performed a systematic mutational analysis of surfaces on the yeast coronin β-propeller domain, which binds to F-actin and is conserved in all coronin family members. We generated 21 mutant alleles and analyzed their biochemical effects on actin binding and ADF/cofilin activity. Conserved actin-binding residues mapped to a discrete ridge stretching across one side of the β-propeller. Mutants defective in actin binding showed loss of synergy with ADF/cofilin in severing filaments, diminished localization to actin structures in vivo, and loss of coronin overexpression growth defects. In addition, one allele showed normal actin binding but impaired functional interactions with ADF/cofilin. Another allele showed normal actin binding but failed to cause coronin overexpression defects. Together, these results indicate that actin binding is critical for many of the biochemical and cellular functions of coronin and that the β-propeller domain mediates additional functional interactions with ADF/cofilin and possibly other ligands. Conservation of the actin-binding surfaces across distant species and in all three major classes of coronin isoforms suggests that the nature of the coronin-actin association may be similar in other family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghal Gandhi
- Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Science Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA
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35
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Abstract
Recent advances in structural, biochemical, biophysical, and live cell imaging approaches have furthered our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which regulated assembly dynamics of actin filaments drive motile processes. Attention is focused on lamellipodium protrusion, powered by the turnover of a branched filament array. ATP hydrolysis on actin is the key reaction that allows filament treadmilling. It regulates barbed-end dynamics and length fluctuations at steady state and specifies the functional interaction of actin with essential regulatory proteins such as profilin and ADF/cofilin. ATP hydrolysis on actin and Arp2/3 acts as a timer, regulating the assembly and disassembly of the branched array to generate tropomyosin-mediated heterogeneity in the structure and dynamics of the lamellipodial network. The detailed molecular mechanisms of ATP hydrolysis/Pi release on F-actin remain elusive, as well as the mechanism of filament branching with Arp2/3 complex or that of the formin-driven processive actin assembly. Novel biophysical methods involving single-molecule measurements should foster progress in these crucial issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Bugyi
- Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Cell Motility Group, CNRS, UPR 3082, Laboratoire d'Enzymologie et Biochimie Structurales, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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36
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Lin SL, Chien CW, Han CL, Chen ESW, Kao SH, Chen YJ, Liao F. Temporal proteomics profiling of lipid rafts in CCR6-activated T cells reveals the integration of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:283-97. [PMID: 19928914 DOI: 10.1021/pr9006156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines orchestrate leukocyte migration toward sites of inflammation and infection and target leukocytes via chemokine receptors such as CCR6, a subfamily of the seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors. Lipid rafts are cholesterol and sphingolipid-enriched liquid-ordered membrane microdomains thought to serve as scaffolding platforms for signal transduction. To globally understand the dynamic changes of proteins within lipid rafts upon CCR6 activation in T cells, we quantitatively analyzed the time-dependent changes of lipid raft proteome using our recently reported membrane proteomics strategy combining gel-assisted digestion, iTRAQ labeling and LC-MS/MS. To our knowledge, the error-free identification of 852 proteins represents the first data set of the raft proteome in T cells upon chemokine receptor activation, including 354 previously annotated raft proteins and 85 dynamically recruited proteins that are potential raft-associated proteins. The temporal profiles revealed that many proteins involved in the actin cytoskeleton rearrangement are actively recruited into lipid rafts upon CCR6 activation. We further confirmed the proteomics results by Western blotting and used small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown to evaluate their roles upon CCR6 activation. In sum, we employed quantitative proteomic strategy to analyze raft proteome and identified many molecules actively involved in the control of actin assembly and disassembly regulating CCR6 activation-induced cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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37
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Lin MC, Galletta BJ, Sept D, Cooper JA. Overlapping and distinct functions for cofilin, coronin and Aip1 in actin dynamics in vivo. J Cell Sci 2010; 123:1329-42. [PMID: 20332110 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.065698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin-filament disassembly is crucial for actin-based motility, to control filament network architecture and to regenerate subunits for assembly. Here, we examined the roles of three actin cytoskeletal proteins, coronin, cofilin and Aip1, which have been suggested to combine in various ways to control actin dynamics by promoting or regulating disassembly. We studied their functions during the endocytosis process in budding yeast, where actin-filament dynamics at the cortical actin 'patch' contribute to the formation and movement of endocytic vesicles. We found that all three proteins were recruited during the late phase of the life of the actin patch. They all arrived at the same time, when actin and other actin-associated proteins were leaving the patch. Cofilin point mutations influenced the localization of coronin and Aip1, but the complete loss of coronin had no effect on localization of cofilin or Aip1. Using quantitative patch motion analysis and comparing mutant alleles, the phenotypes for mutations of the three genes showed some commonalities, but also some striking differences. Cofilin was clearly the most important; it displayed the most severe mutant phenotypes affecting actin-patch assembly and movement. Together, the results suggest that all three proteins work together to promote actin disassembly, but not in a simple way, and not with equal importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chi Lin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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38
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Shina MC, Unal C, Eichinger L, Müller-Taubenberger A, Schleicher M, Steinert M, Noegel AA. A Coronin7 homolog with functions in actin-driven processes. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:9249-61. [PMID: 20071332 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.083725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dictyostelium discoideum Coronin7 (DdCRN7) together with human Coronin7 (CRN7) and Pod-1 of Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans belong to the coronin family of WD-repeat domain-containing proteins. Coronin7 proteins are characterized by two WD-repeat domains that presumably fold into two beta-propeller structures. DdCRN7 shares highest homology with human CRN7, a protein with roles in membrane trafficking. DdCRN7 is present in the cytosol and accumulates in cell surface projections during movement and phago- and pinocytosis. Cells lacking CRN7 have altered chemotaxis and phagocytosis. Furthermore, loss of CRN7 affects the infection process by the pathogen Legionella pneumophila and allows a more efficient internalization of bacteria. To provide a mechanism for CNR7 action, we studied actin-related aspects. We could show that CRN7 binds directly to F-actin and protects actin filaments from depolymerization. CRN7 also associated with F-actin in vivo. It was present in the Triton X-100-insoluble cytoskeleton, colocalized with F-actin, and its distribution was sensitive to drugs affecting the actin cytoskeleton. We propose that the CRN7 role in chemotaxis and phagocytosis is through its effect on the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Shina
- Institute for Biochemistry I, Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-associated Diseases, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Koeln, Germany
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39
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Xavier CP, Rastetter RH, Stumpf M, Rosentreter A, Müller R, Reimann J, Cornfine S, Linder S, van Vliet V, Hofmann A, Morgan RO, Fernandez MP, Schröder R, Noegel AA, Clemen CS. Structural and Functional Diversity of Novel Coronin 1C (CRN2) Isoforms in Muscle. J Mol Biol 2009; 393:287-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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40
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Insall RH, Machesky LM. Actin dynamics at the leading edge: from simple machinery to complex networks. Dev Cell 2009; 17:310-22. [PMID: 19758556 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is an essential feature of eukaryotic life, required for processes ranging from feeding and phagoctyosis to development, healing, and immunity. Migration requires the actin cytoskeleton, specifically the localized polymerization of actin filaments underneath the plasma membrane. Here we summarize recent developments in actin biology that particularly affect structures at the leading edge of the cell, including the structure of actin branches, the multiple pathways that lead to cytoskeleton assembly and disassembly, and the role of blebs. Future progress depends on connecting these processes and components to the dynamic behavior of the whole cell in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Insall
- CRUK Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, Scotland.
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41
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Coronin switches roles in actin disassembly depending on the nucleotide state of actin. Mol Cell 2009; 34:364-74. [PMID: 19450534 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2009.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and polarized turnover of actin networks is essential for motility, endocytosis, cytokinesis, and other cellular processes. However, the mechanisms that provide tight spatiotemporal control of actin disassembly remain poorly understood. Here, we show that yeast coronin (Crn1) makes a unique contribution to this process by differentially interacting with and regulating the effects of cofilin on ATP/ADP+P(i) versus ADP actin filaments. Crn1 potently blocks cofilin severing of newly assembled (ATP/ADP+P(i)) filaments but synergizes with cofilin to sever older (ADP) filaments. Thus, Crn1 has qualitatively distinct/opposite effects on actin dynamics depending on the nucleotide state of actin. This bimodal mechanism requires two separate actin-binding domains in Crn1. Consistent with these activities, Crn1 excludes GFP-Cof1 from newly assembled regions of actin networks in vivo and accelerates cellular actin turnover by four fold. We conclude that coronin polarizes the spatial distribution and activity of cofilin to promote selective disassembly of older actin filaments.
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42
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Ab initio reconstruction of helical samples with heterogeneity, disorder and coexisting symmetries. J Struct Biol 2009; 167:97-105. [PMID: 19447181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Revised: 05/02/2009] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe modifications of the single particle helical reconstruction approach devised for the analysis of a sample that could not be processed with existing methods due to its variable and short range helical order. The added steps of reference-free two-dimensional image classification and alignment, and automated microtubule removal from images, have particular application to proteins or protein complexes that assemble around microtubules. The method was successfully applied to the Dam1 complex, an essential component of the yeast kinetochore that couples replicated chromosomes to spindle microtubules during mitosis. Because of its novel mode of binding, which does not involve a footprint on the microtubule lattice, new steps to deal with the disorder and heterogeneity of the Dam1 complex assembly were required to gain structural information about this complex both routinely and efficiently.
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43
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Freeman WM, VanGuilder HD, Bennett C, Sonntag WE. Cognitive performance and age-related changes in the hippocampal proteome. Neuroscience 2008; 159:183-95. [PMID: 19135133 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Declining cognitive performance is associated with increasing age, even in the absence of overt pathological processes. We and others have reported that declining cognitive performance is associated with age-related changes in brain glucose utilization, long-term potentiation and paired-pulse facilitation, protein expression, neurotransmitter levels, and trophic factors. However, it is unclear whether these changes are causes or symptoms of the underlying alterations in dendritic and synaptic morphology that occur with age. In this study, we examined the hippocampal proteome for age- and cognition-associated changes in behaviorally stratified young and old rats, using two-dimensional in-gel electrophoresis and MS/MS. Comparison of old cognitively intact with old cognitively impaired animals revealed additional changes that would not have been detected otherwise. Interestingly, not all age-related changes in protein expression were associated with cognitive decline, and distinct differences in protein expression were found when comparing old cognitively intact with old cognitively impaired rats. A large number of protein changes with age were related to the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway. In total, the proteomic changes suggest that age-related alterations act synergistically with other perturbations to result in cognitive decline. This study also demonstrates the importance of examining behaviorally-defined animals in proteomic studies, as comparison of young to old animals regardless of behavioral performance would have failed to detect many cognitive impairment-specific protein expression changes evident when behavioral stratification data were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Freeman
- Department of Pharmacology, R130, Hershey Center for Applied Research, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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Haudek VJ, Gundacker NC, Slany A, Wimmer H, Bayer E, Pablé K, Gerner C. Consequences of Acute and Chronic Oxidative Stress upon the Expression Pattern of Proteins in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:5138-47. [DOI: 10.1021/pr800438f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena J. Haudek
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Section Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria, and Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nina C. Gundacker
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Section Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria, and Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Slany
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Section Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria, and Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helge Wimmer
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Section Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria, and Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Editha Bayer
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Section Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria, and Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karoline Pablé
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Section Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria, and Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Section Biomedical Laboratory Science, University of Applied Science, Vienna, Austria, and Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria
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