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Tian R, Tong P, He Y, Zang L, Zhou S, Tian Q. Exome sequencing-aided precise diagnosis of four families with type I Stickler syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2024; 12:e2331. [PMID: 38073514 PMCID: PMC10767595 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.2331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stickler syndrome is a multisystemic disorder characterized by ophthalmological and non-ophthalmological abnormalities, frequently misdiagnosed due to high clinical heterogeneity. Stickler syndrome type I (STL1) is predominantly caused by mutations in the COL2A1 gene. METHODS Exome sequencing and co-segregation analysis were utilized to scrutinize 35 families with high myopia, and pathogenic mutations were identified. Mutant COL2A1 was overexpressed in cells for mechanistic study. A retrospective genotype-phenotype correlation analysis was further conducted. RESULTS Two novel pathogenic mutations (c.2895+1G>C and c.3505G>A (p.Val1169Ile)) and two reported mutations (c.1597C>T (p.Arg533*) and c.1693C>T (p.Arg565Cys)) in COL2A1 were identified causing STL1. These mutations are all in the G-X-Y triplet, and c.2895+1G>C contributed to aberrant RNA splicing. COL2A1 mutants tended to form large aggregates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and elevated ER stress. Additionally, mutations c.550G>A (p.Ala184Thr) and c.2806G>A (p.Gly936Ser) in COL2A1 were found in high myopia families, but were likely benign, although c.2806G>A (p.Gly936Ser) is on G-X-Y triplet. Moreover, genotype-phenotype correlation analysis revealed that mutations in exon 2 mainly contribute to retinal detachment, whereas mutations in the collagen alpha-1 chain region of COL2A1 tend to cause non-ophthalmologic symptoms. CONCLUSION This study broadens the COL2A1 gene mutation spectrum, provides evidence for ER stress caused by pathogenic COL2A1 mutations and highlights the importance of non-ophthalmological examination in clinical diagnosis of high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runyi Tian
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Institute of Molecular Precision MedicineXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yuhong He
- Institute of Molecular Precision MedicineXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Liyu Zang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shimin Zhou
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Qi Tian
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Disease, School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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2
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Jacobson A, Besirli CG, Bohnsack BL. Characteristics of a Three-Generation Family with Stickler Syndrome Type I Carrying Two Different COL2A1 Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040847. [PMID: 37107605 PMCID: PMC10138194 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stickler Syndrome is typically characterized by ophthalmic manifestations including vitreous degeneration and axial lengthening that predispose to retinal detachment. Systemic findings consist of micrognathia, cleft palate, sensorineural hearing loss, and joint abnormalities. COL2A1 mutations are the most common, however, there is a lack of genotype-phenotype correlations. Retrospective, single-center case series of a three-generation family. Clinical features, surgical requirements, systemic manifestations, and genetic evaluations were collected. Eight individuals clinically displayed Stickler Syndrome, seven of whom had genetic confirmation, and two different COL2A1 mutations (c.3641delC and c.3853G>T) were identified. Both mutations affect exon 51, but display distinct phenotypes. The c.3641delC frameshift mutation resulted in high myopia and associated vitreous and retinal findings. Individuals with the c.3853G>T missense mutation exhibited joint abnormalities, but mild ocular manifestations. One individual in the third generation was biallelic heterozygous for both COL2A1 mutations and showed ocular and joint findings in addition to autism and severe developmental delay. These COL2A1 mutations exhibited distinct eye vs. joint manifestations. The molecular basis for these phenotypic differences remains unknown and demonstrates the need for deep phenotyping in patients with Stickler syndrome to correlate COL2A1 gene function and expression with ocular and systemic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Jacobson
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Cagri G. Besirli
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Brenda L. Bohnsack
- Division of Ophthalmology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60208, USA
- Correspondence:
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3
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Saltarelli MA, Quarta A, Chiarelli F. Growth plate extracellular matrix defects and short stature in children. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 27:247-255. [PMID: 36567461 PMCID: PMC9816467 DOI: 10.6065/apem.2244120.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Many etiological factors causing short stature have already been identified in humans. In the last few years, the advent of new techniques for the detection of chromosomal and molecular abnormalities has made it possible to better identify patients with genetic causes of growth failure. Some of these factors directly affect the development and growth of the skeleton, since they damage the epiphyseal growth plate, where linear growth occurs, influencing chondrogenesis. In particular, defects in genes involved in the organization and function of the growth plate are responsible for several well-known conditions with short stature. These genes play a pivotal role in various mechanisms involving the extracellular matrix, intracellular signaling, paracrine signaling, endocrine signaling, and epigenetic regulation. In this review, we will discuss the genes involved in extracellular matrix disorders. The identification of genetic defects in linear growth failure is important for clinicians and researchers in order to improve the care of children affected by growth disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Quarta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiarelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy,Address for correspondence: Francesco Chiarelli Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Via dei Vestini, 5 Chieti, I-66100, Italy
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4
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Bateman JF, Shoulders MD, Lamandé SR. Collagen misfolding mutations: the contribution of the unfolded protein response to the molecular pathology. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:210-227. [PMID: 35225118 PMCID: PMC8977234 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2036735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in collagen genes cause a broad range of connective tissue pathologies. Structural mutations that impact procollagen assembly or triple helix formation and stability are a common and important mutation class. How misfolded procollagens engage with the cellular proteostasis machinery and whether they can elicit a cytotoxic unfolded protein response (UPR) is a topic of considerable research interest. Such interest is well justified since modulating the UPR could offer a new approach to treat collagenopathies for which there are no current disease mechanism-targeting therapies. This review scrutinizes the evidence underpinning the view that endoplasmic reticulum stress and chronic UPR activation contributes significantly to the pathophysiology of the collagenopathies. While there is strong evidence that the UPR contributes to the pathology for collagen X misfolding mutations, the evidence that misfolding mutations in other collagen types induce a canonical, cytotoxic UPR is incomplete. To gain a more comprehensive understanding about how the UPR amplifies to pathology, and thus what types of manipulations of the UPR might have therapeutic relevance, much more information is needed about how specific misfolding mutation types engage differentially with the UPR and downstream signaling responses. Most importantly, since the capacity of the proteostasis machinery to respond to collagen misfolding is likely to vary between cell types, reflecting their functional roles in collagen and extracellular matrix biosynthesis, detailed studies on the UPR should focus as much as possible on the actual target cells involved in the collagen pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Bateman
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Shireen R. Lamandé
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Australia
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5
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Duangchan T, Tawonsawatruk T, Angsanuntsukh C, Trachoo O, Hongeng S, Kitiyanant N, Supokawej A. Amelioration of osteogenesis in iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells from osteogenesis imperfecta patients by endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor. Life Sci 2021; 278:119628. [PMID: 34015290 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder primarily caused by mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2, which encode type I collagen. These mutations affect the quantity and/or quality of collagen composition in bones, leading to bone fragility. Currently, there is still a lack of treatment that addresses disease-causing factors due to an insufficient understanding of the pathological mechanisms involved. MAIN METHODS Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from OI patients with glycine substitution mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 and developed into mesenchymal stem cells (iPS-MSCs). OI-derived iPS-MSCs underwent in vitro osteogenic induction to study cell growth, osteogenic differentiation capacity, mRNA expression of osteogenic and unfolded protein response (UPR) markers and apoptosis. The effects of 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) were examined after treatment of OI iPS-MSCs during osteogenesis. KEY FINDINGS OI-derived iPS-MSCs exhibited decreased cell growth and impaired osteogenic differentiation and collagen expression. Expression of UPR genes was increased, which led to an increase in apoptotic cell death. 4-PBA treatment decreased apoptotic cells and reduced expression of UPR genes, including HSPA5, XBP1, ATF4, DDIT3, and ATF6. Osteogenic phenotypes, including RUNX2, SPP1, BGLAP, and IBPS expression, as well as calcium mineralization, were also improved. SIGNIFICANCE MSCs differentiated from disease-specific iPSCs have utility as a disease model for identifying disease-specific treatments. In addition, the ER stress-associated UPR could be a pathogenic mechanism associated with OI. Treatment with 4-PBA alleviated OI pathogenesis by attenuating UPR markers and apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitinat Duangchan
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Tulyapruek Tawonsawatruk
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Chanika Angsanuntsukh
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Objoon Trachoo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Narisorn Kitiyanant
- Stem Cell Research Group, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Aungkura Supokawej
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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6
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Rellmann Y, Eidhof E, Dreier R. Review: ER stress-induced cell death in osteoarthritic cartilage. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109880. [PMID: 33307190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In cartilage, chondrocytes are responsible for the biogenesis and maintenance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of proteins, glycoproteins and proteoglycans. Various cellular stresses, such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress or the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) during aging, but also translational errors or mutations in cartilage components or chaperone proteins affect the synthesis and secretion of ECM proteins, causing protein aggregates to accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This condition, referred to as ER stress, interferes with cartilage cell homeostasis and initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR), a rescue mechanism to regain cell viability and function. Chronic or irreversible ER stress, however, triggers UPR-initiated cell death. Due to unresolved ER stress in chondrocytes, diseases of the skeletal system, such as chondrodysplasias, arise. ER stress has also been identified as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of cartilage degeneration processes such as osteoarthritis (OA). This review provides current knowledge about the biogenesis of ECM components in chondrocytes, describes possible causes for the impairment of involved processes and focuses on the ER stress-induced cell death in articular cartilage during OA. Targeting of the ER stress itself or intervention in UPR signaling to reduce death of chondrocytes may be promising for future osteoarthritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Rellmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elco Eidhof
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rita Dreier
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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7
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Zhang B, Wang C, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Qin Y, Pang D, Zhang G, Liu H, Xie Z, Yuan H, Ouyang H, Wang J, Tang X. A CRISPR-engineered swine model of COL2A1 deficiency recapitulates altered early skeletal developmental defects in humans. Bone 2020; 137:115450. [PMID: 32450343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the COL2A1 gene were previously described as a cause of type II collagenopathy (e.g., spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Stickler syndrome type I), a major subgroup of genetic skeletal diseases. However, the pathogenic mechanisms associated with COL2A1 mutations remain unclear, and there are few large-mammal models of these diseases. In this study, we established a swine model carrying COL2A1 mutations using CRISPR/Cas9 and somatic cell nuclear transfer technologies. Animals mutant for COL2A1 exhibited severe skeletal dysplasia characterized by shortened long bones, abnormal vertebrae, depressed nasal bridge, and cleft palate. Importantly, COL2A1 mutant piglets suffered tracheal collapse, which was almost certainly the cause of their death shortly after birth. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that overt and striking skeletal dysplasia occurring in human patients can be recapitulated in large transgenic mammals. This model underscores the importance of employing large animals as models to investigate the pathogenesis and potential therapeutics of skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Zhang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, 130021 Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China
| | - Yanguo Qin
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - Daxin Pang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
| | - Guizhen Zhang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China; Research Centre of the Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - He Liu
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - Zicong Xie
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
| | - Hongming Yuan
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 130041 Changchun, China.
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Key Lab for Zoonoses Research, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, 130062 Changchun, China.
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8
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Zhang B, Zhang Y, Wu N, Li J, Liu H, Wang J. Integrated analysis of COL2A1 variant data and classification of type II collagenopathies. Clin Genet 2019; 97:383-395. [PMID: 31758797 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COL2A1 gene encodes the alpha-1 chain of type II procollagen. Type II collagen, comprised of three identical alpha-1 chains, is the major component of cartilage. COL2A1 gene variants are the etiologies of genetic diseases, termed type II collagenopathies, with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. To date, at least 460 distinct COL2A1 mutations, identified in 663 independent probands, and 21 definite disorders have been reported. Nevertheless, a well-defined genotype-phenotype correlation has not been established, and few hot spots of mutation have been reported. In this study, we analyzed data of COL2A1 variants and clinical information of patients obtained from the Leiden Open Variation Database 3.0, as well as the currently available relevant literature. We determined the characteristics of the COL2A1 variants and distributions of the clinical manifestations in patients, and identified four likely genotype-phenotype correlations. Moreover, we classified 21 COL2A1-related disorders into five categories, which may assist clinicians in understanding the essence of these complex phenotypes and prompt genetic screening in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Zhang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naichao Wu
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Liu
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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9
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Nenna R, Turchetti A, Mastrogiorgio G, Midulla F. COL2A1 Gene Mutations: Mechanisms of Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia Congenita. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2019; 12:235-238. [PMID: 31824186 PMCID: PMC6900288 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s197205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The COL2A1 gene consists of 54 exons spanning over 31.5 kb and encodes for type II collagen. Type II collagen is the main component of hyaline cartilage extracellular matrix, nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discus, vitreous humor of the eye and inner ear structure. Molecular defects in COL2A1 gene cause a wide variety of rare autosomal-dominant conditions known as type II collagenopathies. A clear genotype-phenotype relationship is not yet known. However, some correlations are described. Spondyloephyseal dysplasia congenita was suggested for a short-trunk dwarfing condition affecting primarily the vertebrae and the proximal epiphyses of the long bones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerarda Mastrogiorgio
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Midulla
- Department of Paediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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10
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Lian C, Wang X, Qiu X, Wu Z, Gao B, Liu L, Liang G, Zhou H, Yang X, Peng Y, Liang A, Xu C, Huang D, Su P. Collagen type II suppresses articular chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteoarthritis progression by promoting integrin β1-SMAD1 interaction. Bone Res 2019; 7:8. [PMID: 30854241 PMCID: PMC6403405 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-019-0046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic differentiation is not only the terminal process of endochondral ossification in the growth plate but is also an important pathological change in osteoarthritic cartilage. Collagen type II (COL2A1) was previously considered to be only a structural component of the cartilage matrix, but recently, it has been revealed to be an extracellular signaling molecule that can significantly suppress chondrocyte hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms by which COL2A1 regulates hypertrophic differentiation remain unclear. In our study, a Col2a1 p.Gly1170Ser mutant mouse model was constructed, and Col2a1 loss was demonstrated in homozygotes. Loss of Col2a1 was found to accelerate chondrocyte hypertrophy through the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD1 pathway. Upon interacting with COL2A1, integrin β1 (ITGB1), the major receptor for COL2A1, competed with BMP receptors for binding to SMAD1 and then inhibited SMAD1 activation and nuclear import. COL2A1 could also activate ITGB1-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and, through ERK1/2-SMAD1 interaction, it further repressed SMAD1 activation, thus inhibiting BMP-SMAD1-mediated chondrocyte hypertrophy. Moreover, COL2A1 expression was downregulated, while chondrocyte hypertrophic markers and BMP-SMAD1 signaling activity were upregulated in degenerative human articular cartilage. Our study reveals novel mechanisms for the inhibition of chondrocyte hypertrophy by COL2A1 and suggests that the degradation and decrease in COL2A1 might initiate and promote osteoarthritis progression. A signaling feedback loop that contributes to cartilage degeneration may offer a fruitful target for the treatment of osteoarthritis. During the early stages of this disorder, cartilage-forming chondrocytes undergo a process of expansion known as hypertrophy, after which they die and are replaced by calcium. Researchers led by Peiqiang Su and Dongsheng Huang of Sun Yat-sen University have demonstrated that COL2A1, an important structural protein, represents an important safeguard against hypertrophy. COL2A1 helps maintain chondrocytes in their normal, healthy state, but Su and Huang showed that signaling factors produced during cartilage repair can reduce COL2A1 levels. This in turn accelerates hypertrophy, promoting further depletion of COL2A1 and ultimately leading to full-blown osteoarthritis. Drugs that break this cycle and preserve COL2A1 could thus help protect endangered joints before the damage becomes severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Lian
- 1Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China.,2Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xudong Wang
- 2Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xianjian Qiu
- 2Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Zizhao Wu
- 3Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Bo Gao
- 2Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Lei Liu
- 4Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Guoyan Liang
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medicine Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Hang Zhou
- 1Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- 1Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Yan Peng
- 2Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Anjing Liang
- 2Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Caixia Xu
- 6Research Centre for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- 2Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Peiqiang Su
- 1Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
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11
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Lamandé SR, Bateman JF. Genetic Disorders of the Extracellular Matrix. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:1527-1542. [PMID: 30768852 PMCID: PMC7318566 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the genes for extracellular matrix (ECM) components cause a wide range of genetic connective tissues disorders throughout the body. The elucidation of mutations and their correlation with pathology has been instrumental in understanding the roles of many ECM components. The pathological consequences of ECM protein mutations depend on its tissue distribution, tissue function, and on the nature of the mutation. The prevalent paradigm for the molecular pathology has been that there are two global mechanisms. First, mutations that reduce the production of ECM proteins impair matrix integrity largely due to quantitative ECM defects. Second, mutations altering protein structure may reduce protein secretion but also introduce dominant negative effects in ECM formation, structure and/or stability. Recent studies show that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, caused by mutant misfolded ECM proteins, makes a significant contribution to the pathophysiology. This suggests that targeting ER‐stress may offer a new therapeutic strategy in a range of ECM disorders caused by protein misfolding mutations. Anat Rec, 2019. © 2019 The Authors. The Anatomical Record published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shireen R Lamandé
- Musculoskeletal Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, Australia
| | - John F Bateman
- Musculoskeletal Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, Australia
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12
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Chen A, Fertala A, Abboud J, Wang M, Rivlin M, Beredjiklian PK. The Molecular Basis of Genetic Collagen Disorders and Its Clinical Relevance. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018; 100:976-986. [PMID: 29870450 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.17.01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Chen
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrzej Fertala
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph Abboud
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark Wang
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Rivlin
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pedro K Beredjiklian
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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13
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A novel de novo mutation in COL2A1 leading to spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita in a Chinese family. Hum Genome Var 2018; 5:17059. [PMID: 29354277 PMCID: PMC5763142 DOI: 10.1038/hgv.2017.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SEDC) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia that is usually caused by substitution of glycine with another amino acid in the triple helical region of COL2A1. Herein, we describe a case of SEDC in a Chinese family with a novel de novo mutation in the COL2A1 gene, c.1150G>A (p.Gly384Ser), which may impair protein stability and lead to dysfunction of type II collagen.
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14
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Wang D, Mohammad M, Wang Y, Tan R, Murray LS, Ricardo S, Dagher H, van Agtmael T, Savige J. The Chemical Chaperone, PBA, Reduces ER Stress and Autophagy and Increases Collagen IV α5 Expression in Cultured Fibroblasts From Men With X-Linked Alport Syndrome and Missense Mutations. Kidney Int Rep 2017; 2:739-748. [PMID: 29142990 PMCID: PMC5678609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction X-linked Alport syndrome (OMIM 301050) is caused by COL4A5 missense variants in 40% of families. This study examined the effects of chemical chaperone treatment (sodium 4-phenylbutyrate) on fibroblast cell lines derived from men with missense mutations. Methods Dermal fibroblast cultures were established from 2 affected men and 3 normals. Proliferation rates were examined, the collagen IV α5 chain localized with immunostaining, and levels of the intra- and extracellular chains quantitated with an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. COL4A5 mRNA was measured using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) size was measured on electron micrographs and after HSP47 immunostaining. Markers of ER stress (ATF6, HSPA5, DDIT3), autophagy (ATG5, BECN1, ATG7), and apoptosis (CASP3, BAD, BCL2) were also quantitated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Measurements were repeated after 48 hours of incubation with 10 mM sodium 4-phenylbutyrate acid. Results Both COL4A5 missense variants were associated with reduced proliferation rates on day 6 (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03), ER enlargement, and increased mRNA for ER stress and autophagy (all P values < 0.05) when compared with normal. Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate treatment increased COL4A5 transcript levels (P < 0.01), and reduced ER size (P < 0.01 by EM and P < 0.001 by immunostaining), ER stress (p HSPA5 and DDIT3, all P values < 0.01) and autophagy (ATG7, P < 0.01). Extracellular collagen IV α5 chain was increased in the M1 line only (P = 0.06). Discussion Sodium 4-phenylbutyrate increases collagen IV α5 mRNA levels, reduces ER stress and autophagy, and possibly facilitates collagen IV α5 extracellular transport. Whether these actions delay end-stage renal failure in men with X-linked Alport syndrome and missense mutations will only be determined with clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmao Wang
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Northern Health and Melbourne Health), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mardhiah Mohammad
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Northern Health and Melbourne Health), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yanyan Wang
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Northern Health and Melbourne Health), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Tan
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Northern Health and Melbourne Health), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lydia S Murray
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sharon Ricardo
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Cell Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hayat Dagher
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Northern Health and Melbourne Health), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tom van Agtmael
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Judy Savige
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Northern Health and Melbourne Health), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Prospects and limitations of improving skeletal growth in a mouse model of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia caused by R992C (p.R1192C) substitution in collagen II. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172068. [PMID: 28182776 PMCID: PMC5300241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasias form a group of skeletal disorders caused by mutations in macromolecules of cartilage and bone. The severity of skeletal dysplasias ranges from precocious arthropathy to perinatal lethality. Although the pathomechanisms of these disorders are generally well defined, the feasibility of repairing established aberrant skeletal tissues that developed in the presence of mutant molecules is currently unknown. Here, we employed a validated mouse model of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED) that enables temporal control of the production of the R992C (p.R1192C) collagen II mutant that causes this disease. Although in our earlier studies we determined that blocking the expression of this mutant at the early prenatal stages prevents a SED phenotype, the utility of blocking the R992C collagen II at the postnatal stages is not known. Here, by switching off the expression of R992C collagen II at various postnatal stages of skeletal development, we determined that significant improvements of cartilage and bone morphology were achieved only when blocking the production of the mutant molecules was initiated in newborn mice. Our study indicates that future therapies of skeletal dysplasias may require defining a specific time window when interventions should be applied to be successful.
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16
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Gawron K. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in chondrodysplasias caused by mutations in collagen types II and X. Cell Stress Chaperones 2016; 21:943-958. [PMID: 27523816 PMCID: PMC5083666 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-016-0719-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum is primarily recognized as the site of synthesis and folding of secreted, membrane-bound, and some organelle-targeted proteins. An imbalance between the load of unfolded proteins and the processing capacity in endoplasmic reticulum leads to the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which is a hallmark of a number of storage diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, a number of metabolic diseases, and cancer. Moreover, its contribution as a novel mechanistic paradigm in genetic skeletal diseases associated with abnormalities of the growth plates and dwarfism is considered. In this review, I discuss the mechanistic significance of endoplasmic reticulum stress, abnormal folding, and intracellular retention of mutant collagen types II and X in certain variants of skeletal chondrodysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gawron
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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17
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Wieczorek A, Rezaei N, Chan CK, Xu C, Panwar P, Brömme D, Merschrod S EF, Forde NR. Development and characterization of a eukaryotic expression system for human type II procollagen. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:112. [PMID: 26666739 PMCID: PMC4678704 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0228-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple helical collagens are the most abundant structural protein in vertebrates and are widely used as biomaterials for a variety of applications including drug delivery and cellular and tissue engineering. In these applications, the mechanics of this hierarchically structured protein play a key role, as does its chemical composition. To facilitate investigation into how gene mutations of collagen lead to disease as well as the rational development of tunable mechanical and chemical properties of this full-length protein, production of recombinant expressed protein is required. Results Here, we present a human type II procollagen expression system that produces full-length procollagen utilizing a previously characterized human fibrosarcoma cell line for production. The system exploits a non-covalently linked fluorescence readout for gene expression to facilitate screening of cell lines. Biochemical and biophysical characterization of the secreted, purified protein are used to demonstrate the proper formation and function of the protein. Assays to demonstrate fidelity include proteolytic digestion, mass spectrometric sequence and posttranslational composition analysis, circular dichroism spectroscopy, single-molecule stretching with optical tweezers, atomic-force microscopy imaging of fibril assembly, and transmission electron microscopy imaging of self-assembled fibrils. Conclusions Using a mammalian expression system, we produced full-length recombinant human type II procollagen. The integrity of the collagen preparation was verified by various structural and degradation assays. This system provides a platform from which to explore new directions in collagen manipulation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-015-0228-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wieczorek
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Naghmeh Rezaei
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Clara K Chan
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.,Present Address: Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada.,Present Address: Green Innovative Technologies R&D Centre Ltd, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Preety Panwar
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Erika F Merschrod S
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Nancy R Forde
- Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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18
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Arita M, Fertala J, Hou C, Steplewski A, Fertala A. Mechanisms of aberrant organization of growth plates in conditional transgenic mouse model of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia associated with the R992C substitution in collagen II. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 185:214-29. [PMID: 25451152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in collagen II, a main structural protein of cartilage, are associated with various forms of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED), whose main features include aberrations of linear growth. Here, we analyzed the pathomechanisms responsible for growth alterations in transgenic mice with conditional expression of the R992C collagen II mutation. Specifically, we studied the alterations of the growth plates of mutant mice in which chondrocytes lacked their typical columnar arrangement. Our studies demonstrated that chondrocytes expressing the thermolabile R992C mutant collagen II molecules endured endoplasmic reticulum stress, had atypical polarization, and had reduced proliferation. Moreover, we demonstrated aberrant organization and morphology of primary cilia. Analyses of the extracellular collagenous deposits in mice expressing the R992C mutant collagen II molecules indicated their poor formation and distribution. By contrast, transgenic mice expressing wild-type collagen II and mice in which the expression of the transgene encoding the R992C collagen II was switched off were characterized by normal growth, and the morphology of their growth plates was correct. Our study with the use of a conditional mouse SED model not only indicates a direct relation between the observed aberration of skeletal tissues and the presence of mutant collagen II, but also identifies cellular and matrix elements of the pathomechanism of SED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Arita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jolanta Fertala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cheryl Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrzej Steplewski
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrzej Fertala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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19
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Li N, Yu J, Cao X, Wu QY, Li WW, Li TF, Zhang C, Cui YX, Li XJ, Yin ZM, Xia XY. A novel p. Gly630Ser mutation of COL2A1 in a Chinese family with presentations of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease or avascular necrosis of the femoral head. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100505. [PMID: 24949742 PMCID: PMC4065060 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Mutations in the type II collagen gene are associated with certain human disorders, collectively termed type II collagenopathies. They include Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease (LCPD) and avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH). These two diseases are skeletal dysplasias, inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, characterized by groin pain, dislocation of the hip and diminished joint mobility. Coxa vara and elevation of the greater trochanter of the femur comprise the typical phenotype of LCPD, but do not occur in ANFH. Lack of synthesis of type II collagen and structural defects are responsible for the major clinical outcomes, because collagen is the essential matrix protein of all connective tissues. Type II collagen, encoded by the COL2A1 gene, contains N- and C- terminal regions that are cleaved after secretion into the extracellular matrix, and the core area is composed of a triple helical (Gly–X–Y) domain. If the Gly in this specific region is replaced by other amino acids, the structure of type II collagen will be destroyed. Method Forty-five members of a four-generation family were recruited and investigated. Diagnosis was made by independent orthopedic surgeons and radiologists. A mutation of the COL2A1 gene was detected. Result In our research, we identify a heterozygous mutation (c.1888 G>A, p. Gly630Ser) in exon 29 of COL2A1 in the Gly–X–Y domain, in a Chinese family affected by LCPD and ANFH. Our findings provide significant clues to the phenotype–genotype relationships in these syndromes and may be helpful in clinical diagnosis. Furthermore, these results should assist further studies of the mechanisms underlying collagen diseases. Conclusion Our data add new variants to the repertoire of COL2A1 mutation resulting in related collagenopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Qiu-Yue Wu
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Tian-Fu Li
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Ying-Xia Cui
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhi-Min Yin
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xin-Yi Xia
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
- * E-mail:
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20
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Patterson SE, Dealy CN. Mechanisms and models of endoplasmic reticulum stress in chondrodysplasia. Dev Dyn 2014; 243:875-93. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sara E. Patterson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development; Department of Reconstructive Sciences; University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington Connecticut
| | - Caroline N. Dealy
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development; Department of Reconstructive Sciences; University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington Connecticut
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development; Department of Orthopedic Surgery; University of Connecticut Health Center; Farmington Connecticut
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21
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Liang G, Lian C, Huang D, Gao W, Liang A, Peng Y, Ye W, Wu Z, Su P, Huang D. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-unfolding protein response-apoptosis cascade causes chondrodysplasia in a col2a1 p.Gly1170Ser mutated mouse model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86894. [PMID: 24475193 PMCID: PMC3903611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The collagen type II alpha 1 (COL2A1) mutation causes severe skeletal malformations, but the pathogenic mechanisms of how this occurs are unclear. To understand how this may happen, a col2a1 p.Gly1170Ser mutated mouse model was constructed and in homozygotes, the chondrodysplasia phenotype was observed. Misfolded procollagen was largely synthesized and retained in dilated endoplasmic reticulum and the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-unfolded protein response (UPR)-apoptosis cascade was activated. Apoptosis occurred prior to hypertrophy, prevented the formation of a hypertrophic zone, disrupted normal chondrogenic signaling pathways, and eventually caused chondrodysplasia. Heterozygotes had normal phenotypes and endoplasmic reticulum stress intensity was limited with no abnormal apoptosis detected. Our results suggest that earlier chondrocyte death was related to the ERS-UPR-apoptosis cascade and that this was the chief cause of chondrodysplaia. The col2a1 p.Gly1170Ser mutated mouse model offered a novel connection between misfolded collagen and skeletal malformation. Further investigation of this mouse mutant model can help us understand mechanisms of type II collagenopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengjie Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anjing Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zizhao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqiang Su
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (DH); (PS)
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: (DH); (PS)
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22
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A molecular ensemble in the rER for procollagen maturation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:2479-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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23
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Zhang Z, He JW, Fu WZ, Zhang CQ, Zhang ZL. Identification of three novel mutations in the COL2A1 gene in four unrelated Chinese families with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 413:504-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.08.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Jensen DA, Steplewski A, Gawron K, Fertala A. Persistence of intracellular and extracellular changes after incompletely suppressing expression of the R789C (p.R989C) and R992C (p.R1192C) collagen II mutants. Hum Mutat 2011; 32:794-805. [PMID: 21472893 DOI: 10.1002/humu.21506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in COL2A1 produce a spectrum of disorders whose hallmark feature is alterations in skeletal development. Attempts to counteract the effects of collagen mutations at the molecular level have been relatively ineffective due to the inability to selectively suppress a mutant allele, and failure to deliver a sufficient number of cells expressing wild-type collagen. Moreover, these approaches are hampered because the minimal therapeutic conditions that would allow extracellular matrix remodeling and recovery of cells from stress are not known. Here, we employed a tetracycline-inducible system for expressing the R789C or R992C collagen II mutants, allowing us to decrease the production of mutant proteins by 25, 50, 75, or 100% with respect to their initial production. Through analysis of intracellular and extracellular parameters we have shown that affected cell/matrix systems are able to recover from mutation-induced aberrations only when 100% expression of mutant collagens is shut off, but not if the expression of small amounts of mutant molecules persists in the system. Our data suggest that efficient remodeling of tissues affected by the presence of thermolabile collagen mutants may depend on their complete elimination rather than on partial reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Jensen
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 S. 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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25
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Chan SWP, Hung SP, Raman SK, Hatfield GW, Lathrop RH, Da Silva NA, Wang SW. Recombinant human collagen and biomimetic variants using a de novo gene optimized for modular assembly. Biomacromolecules 2010; 11:1460-9. [PMID: 20481478 DOI: 10.1021/bm100052y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A collagen-mimetic polymer that can be easily engineered with specific cell-responsive and mechanical properties would be of significant interest for fundamental cell-matrix studies and applications in regenerative medicine. However, oligonucleotide-based synthesis of full-length collagen has been encumbered by the characteristic glycine-X-Y sequence repetition, which promotes mismatched oligonucleotide hybridizations during de novo gene assembly. In this work, we report a novel, modular synthesis strategy that yields full-length human collagen III and specifically defined variants. We used a computational algorithm that applies codon degeneracy to design oligonucleotides that favor correct hybridizations while disrupting incorrect ones for gene synthesis. The resulting recombinant polymers were expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae engineered with prolyl-4-hydroxylase. Our modular approach enabled mixing-and-matching domains to fabricate different combinations of collagen variants that contained different secretion signals at the N-terminus and cysteine residues imbedded within the triple-helical domain at precisely defined locations. This work shows the flexibility of our strategy for designing and assembling specifically tailored biomimetic collagen polymers with re-engineered properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Wei Polly Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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26
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Gawron K, Jensen DA, Steplewski A, Fertala A. Reducing the effects of intracellular accumulation of thermolabile collagen II mutants by increasing their thermostability in cell culture conditions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 396:213-8. [PMID: 20394730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in collagen II are associated with spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, a group of heritable diseases whose common features include aberrations of skeletal growth. The mechanisms through which mutations in collagen II affect the cartilaginous tissues are complex and include both intracellular and extracellular processes. One of those mechanisms involves cellular stress caused by excessive accumulation of misfolded collagen II mutants. We investigated whether stabilizing the structure of thermolabile R789C and R992C collagen II mutants would improve their secretion from cells, thereby reducing cellular stress and apoptosis. Employing glycerol and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), chemicals that increase the thermostability of collagen triple helices, we demonstrated that those compounds function as chaperones and stabilize the R789C and R992C mutants, accelerate their secretion, and improve cell survival. Our study provides a scientific basis for considering misfolded triple helices of collagen mutants a target for reducing the deleterious effects caused by their excessive intracellular accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gawron
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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27
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Chung HJ, Steplewski A, Uitto J, Fertala A. Fluorescent protein markers to tag collagenous proteins: the paradigm of procollagen VII. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390:662-6. [PMID: 19822129 PMCID: PMC2796180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins are powerful markers allowing tracking expression, intracellular localization, and translocation of tagged proteins but their effects on the structure and assembly of complex extracellular matrix proteins has not been investigated. Here, we analyzed the utility of fluorescent proteins as markers for procollagen VII, a triple-helical protein critical for the integrity of dermal-epidermal junction. DNA constructs encoding a red fluorescent protein-tagged wild type mini-procollagen VII alpha chain and green fluorescent protein-tagged alpha chains harboring selected mutations were genetically engineered. These DNA constructs were co-expressed in HEK-293 cells and the assembly of heterogeneous triple-helical mini-procollagen VII molecules was analyzed. Immunoprecipitation and fluorescence resonance energy transfer assays demonstrated that the presence of different fluorescent protein markers at the C-termini of individual alpha chains neither altered formation of triple-helical molecules nor affected their secretion to the extracellular space. Our study provides a basis for employing fluorescent proteins as tags for complex structural proteins of extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Chung
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107, U.S.A
| | - Andrzej Steplewski
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107, U.S.A
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107, U.S.A
| | - Andrzej Fertala
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107, U.S.A
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