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Oosterbeek RN, Zhang XC, Best SM, Cameron RE. A technique for improving dispersion within polymer-glass composites using polymer precipitation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 123:104767. [PMID: 34455140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Particulate reinforcement of polymeric matrices is a powerful technique for tailoring the mechanical and degradation properties of bioresorbable implant materials. Dispersion of inorganic particles is critical to achieving optimal properties, however established techniques such as twin-screw extrusion or solvent casting can have significant drawbacks including excessive thermal degradation or particle agglomeration. We present a facile method for production of polymer-inorganic composites that reduces the time at elevated temperature and the time available for particle agglomeration. Glass slurry was added to a dissolved PLLA solution, and ethanol was added to precipitate polymer onto the glass particles. Characterisation of parts formed by subsequent micro-injection moulding of composite precipitate revealed a significant reduction in agglomeration, with d0.9 reduced from 170 to 43 μm. This drastically improved the ductility (ɛB) from 7% to 120%, without loss of strength or stiffness. The method is versatile and applicable to a wide range of polymer and filler materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reece N Oosterbeek
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Xiang C Zhang
- Lucideon Ltd, Queens Road, Penkhull, Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
| | - Serena M Best
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth E Cameron
- Cambridge Centre for Medical Materials, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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Pietrzykowska E, Romelczyk-Baishya B, Wojnarowicz J, Sokolova M, Szlazak K, Swieszkowski W, Locs J, Lojkowski W. Preparation of a Ceramic Matrix Composite Made of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Polylactic Acid by Consolidation of Composite Granules. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061060. [PMID: 32486301 PMCID: PMC7352493 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Composites made of a biodegradable polymer, e.g., polylactic acid (PLA) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP NPs) are promising orthopedic materials. There is a particular need for biodegradable hybrid nanocomposites with strong mechanical properties. However, obtaining such composites is challenging, since nanoparticles tend to agglomerate, and it is difficult to achieve good bonding between the hydrophilic ceramic and the hydrophobic polymer. This paper describes a two-step technology for obtaining a ceramic matrix composite. The first step is the preparation of composite granules. The granules are obtained by infiltration of porous granules of HAP NPs with PLA through high-pressure infiltration. The homogeneous ceramic-polymer granules are 80 μm in diameter, and the composite granules are 80 wt% HAP NPs. The second step is consolidation of the granules using high pressure. This is performed in three variants: Uniaxial pressing with the pressure of up to 1000 MPa at room temperature, warm isostatic compaction (75 MPa at 155 °C), and a combination of the two methods. The combined methods result in the highest densification (99%) and strongest mechanical properties; the compressive strength is 374 MPa. The structure of the ceramic matrix composite is homogeneous. Good adhesion between the inorganic and the organic component is observable using scanning electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Pietrzykowska
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (J.W.); (W.L.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (K.S.); (W.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-228-760-429
| | - Barbara Romelczyk-Baishya
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (K.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Jacek Wojnarowicz
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (J.W.); (W.L.)
| | - Marina Sokolova
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Karol Szlazak
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (K.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Wojciech Swieszkowski
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (K.S.); (W.S.)
| | - Janis Locs
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; (M.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Witold Lojkowski
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (J.W.); (W.L.)
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Sun X, Xu C, Wu G, Ye Q, Wang C. Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid): Applications and Future Prospects for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E189. [PMID: 30970881 PMCID: PMC6432161 DOI: 10.3390/polym9060189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal tissue regeneration is the ultimate goal of the treatment for periodontitis-affected teeth. The success of regenerative modalities relies heavily on the utilization of appropriate biomaterials with specific properties. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), a synthetic aliphatic polyester, has been actively investigated for periodontal therapy due to its favorable mechanical properties, tunable degradation rates, and high biocompatibility. Despite the attractive characteristics, certain constraints associated with PLGA, in terms of its hydrophobicity and limited bioactivity, have led to the introduction of modification strategies that aimed to improve the biological performance of the polymer. Here, we summarize the features of the polymer and update views on progress of its applications as barrier membranes, bone grafts, and drug delivery carriers, which indicate that PLGA can be a good candidate material in the field of periodontal regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China.
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
| | - Chun Xu
- Laboratory of Regenerative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Australia.
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Laboratory of Regenerative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4006, Australia.
| | - Changning Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Swain SK, Gotman I, Unger R, Gutmanas EY. Bioresorbable β-TCP-FeAg nanocomposites for load bearing bone implants: High pressure processing, properties and cell compatibility. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:88-95. [PMID: 28576063 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the processing and properties of iron-toughened bioresorbable β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanocomposites are reported. β-TCP is chemically similar to bone mineral and thus a good candidate material for bioresorbable bone healing devices; however intrinsic brittleness and low bending strength make it unsuitable for use in load-bearing sites. Near fully dense β-TCP-matrix nanocomposites containing 30vol% Fe, with and without addition of silver, were produced employing high energy attrition milling of powders followed by high pressure consolidation/cold sintering at 2.5GPa. In order to increase pure iron's corrosion rate, 10 to 30vol% silver were added to the metal phase. The degradation behavior of the developed composite materials was studied by immersion in Ringer's and saline solutions for up to 1month. The mechanical properties, before and after immersion, were tested in compression and bending. All the compositions exhibited high mechanical strength, the strength in bending being several fold higher than that of polymer toughened β-TCP-30PLA nanocomposites prepared by the similar procedure of attrition milling and cold sintering, and of pure high-temperature sintered β-TCP. Partial substitution of iron with silver led to an increase in both strength and ductility. Furthermore, the galvanic action of silver particles dispersed in the iron phase significantly accelerated in vitro degradation of β-TCP-30(Fe-Ag) nanocomposites. After 1month immersion, the composites retained about 50% of their initial bending strength. In cell culture experiments, β-TCP-27Fe3Ag nanocomposites exhibited no signs of cytotoxicity towards human osteoblasts suggesting that they can be used as an implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Swain
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - I Gotman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
| | - R Unger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55101 Mainz, Germany
| | - E Y Gutmanas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation.
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Microstructure, mechanical characteristics and cell compatibility of β-tricalcium phosphate reinforced with biodegradable Fe–Mg metal phase. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 53:434-444. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Ege D, Cameron R, Best S. The degradation behavior of nanoscale HA/PLGA andα-TCP/PLGA composites. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2014. [DOI: 10.1680/bbn.13.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Félix Lanao RP, Jonker AM, Wolke JG, Jansen JA, van Hest JC, Leeuwenburgh SC. Physicochemical properties and applications of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) for use in bone regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2013; 19:380-90. [PMID: 23350707 PMCID: PMC3690090 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2012.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is the most often used synthetic polymer within the field of bone regeneration owing to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. As a consequence, a large number of medical devices comprising PLGA have been approved for clinical use in humans by the American Food and Drug Administration. As compared with the homopolymers of lactic acid poly(lactic acid) and poly(glycolic acid), the co-polymer PLGA is much more versatile with regard to the control over degradation rate. As a material for bone regeneration, the use of PLGA has been extensively studied for application and is included as either scaffolds, coatings, fibers, or micro- and nanospheres to meet various clinical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa P. Félix Lanao
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anika M. Jonker
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joop G.C. Wolke
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John A. Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C.M. van Hest
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander C.G. Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Strong bioresorbable Ca phosphate-PLA nanocomposites with uniform phase distribution by attrition milling and high pressure consolidation. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2013; 18:37-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Barrett C, Cameron R, Best S. Bioceramic and Biopolymer Nanocomposite Materials for Use in Orthopedic Applications. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1201/b13049-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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