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Fouquet V, Larsen N, Stchepinsky AC, Vennat E, Benoit A, Tapie L. A parametrical finite element analysis for functionally graded material overlay restoration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 152:106409. [PMID: 38277910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The main cause of failure in bonded ceramic restorations is material fracture due to excessive stress concentration at the base of the prosthesis. The design of restorative functionally graded materials (FGM) could represent a major advance in dissipating mechanical stresses during occlusal contacts. The aim of this paper is to carry out a complete factorial design of finite element analyses to optimize a multilayer FGM introduced at the bottom of an overlay prosthesis. The number and thickness of layers vary within a spectrum compatible with ceramic shaping processes whereas Young's moduli variations are set in the range of dental tissues. For a 1.5-mm thick prosthesis, the optimal FGM configuration appears to be a 5 layers of 0.2 mm thickness with a linear distribution of Young's modulus from 30 to 70 GPa. This configuration was implemented in a 3D model of a restored tooth with realistic geometry to validate the proof-of-concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Fouquet
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, URB2i, F-92120, Montrouge, France; Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, F-93430, Villetaneuse, France; AP-HP, Louis-Mourier Hospital, Oral Medecine Department, F-92700, Colombes, France
| | - Nicoline Larsen
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, URB2i, F-92120, Montrouge, France
| | | | - Elsa Vennat
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, URB2i, F-92120, Montrouge, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, LMPS - Laboratoire de Mécanique Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Aurélie Benoit
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, URB2i, F-92120, Montrouge, France.
| | - Laurent Tapie
- Université Paris Cité, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, URB2i, F-92120, Montrouge, France; EPF Engineering School, F-94230, Cachan, France.
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Zandinejad A, Revilla-León M. Additively Manufactured Dental Crown with Color Gradient and Graded Structure: A Technique Report. J Prosthodont 2021; 30:822-825. [PMID: 34297467 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the feasibility of manufacturing a dental crown with internal color gradient and graded structure design using additive manufacturing technology, a mandibular first molar was prepared and a monolayer dental crown with 1.5 mm uniform thickness was designed in a dental software (STLC1 ). The monolayer crown design was sliced into multiple layers of 0.1 mm thickness and a design for a multilayer crown was obtained (STLC2 ). A multilayer crown was manufactured with gradient color and graded structure using a material jetting printer. Different materials with different colors and properties were used and mixed in different ratios during manufacturing to achieve the prospected design. The feasibility of manufacturing such a crown was reported. This report confirms that multilayer dental crowns with internal gradient color and graded structure are possible when using a multimaterial jetting printer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Revilla-León
- College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX.,School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.,Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain
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Chen J, Jian Y, Chen S, Wang X, Dao L, Zhao K. Establishment of optimal variable elastic modulus distribution in the design of full-crown restorations by finite element analysis. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:1403-1409. [PMID: 34261832 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2021-053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To establish optimal elastic modulus distribution throughout the entire all-ceramic crown, aiming at improvement of the mechanical properties of the restoration as well as the adhesive interface, seven 3D models of mandibular first premolars of zirconia monolithic and bilayer crowns and lithium disilicate monolithic and bilayer crowns were constructed. The elastic modulus distribution of 8-layer crown A referred to human enamel, B was calculated by a genetic algorithm (GA) to minimize the principle stresses on the crown, and C minimized the shear stresses at the cementing lines. After applying a static load of 600 N, the maximum principle stresses were calculated and analyzed by finite element analysis (FEA). Group C were found to have the lowest peak shear stress at the cementing line and moderate peak tensile stress in the crown. Introduction of the modified elastic modulus distribution from human enamel into the entire all-ceramic crown reinforces the mechanical properties of the whole restoration as well as the adhesive interface against chipping and debonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghai Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yutao Jian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University.,Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Shumin Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Li Dao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Ke Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University
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Revilla-León M, Zandinejad A. Two-layer additively manufactured crown: Proof of concept. J Dent 2021; 112:103730. [PMID: 34146654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of additively manufacturing a crown with a 2-layer design. METHODS A mandibular first molar tooth preparation titanium die for a full coverage restoration was obtained. The die was used to design a monolayer (ML group) and 2-layer (2L group) anatomically contoured crown. In the ML group, the specimen was manufactured with a hard polymer (Rigur RGD450; Stratasys). In the 2L group, the crown was splinted into 2 parts: the intaglio that represented 25% of the total crown volume that was manufactured with a resilient polymer (Vero; Stratasys) and the exterior that represented the remaining crown volume that was manufactured with a hard polymer (Rigur RGD450; Stratasys). Specimens were manufactured using a material jetting printer (Connex3 Object260; Stratasys). The marginal and internal discrepancies of ML and 2L specimens were visually assessed. RESULTS The ML and 2L specimens were manufactured using a material jetting printer that obtained a visually acceptable marginal and internal discrepancy. CONCLUSIONS The 2-layer dental crown can be manufactured using a material jetting printer. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Material jetting technology has the capability to fabricate a 2-layer dental crown design which can be fabricated using materials with different properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Revilla-León
- AEGD Residency, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, United States; Affiliate Faculty Graduate Prosthodontics, Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Revilla Research Center, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Amirali Zandinejad
- AEGD Residency, Comprehensive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX, United States
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Porojan L, Vasiliu RD, Bîrdeanu MI, Porojan SD. Surface Characterization and Optical Properties of Reinforced Dental Glass-Ceramics Related to Artificial Aging. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153407. [PMID: 32731378 PMCID: PMC7435760 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of various dental glass-ceramic materials and the evolution of novel processing technologies lead to an essential change in the clinical and technical workflow. The long-term success of a dental restoration treatment is defined by its durability, which is directly influenced by the oral environment. This study's purpose was to evaluate the artificial aging behavior of nanostructured, respective microstructured ceramics related to surface topography, roughness, and optical properties. Six monolithic restoration materials were selected: milled lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS-M) MT (medium translucency), hot-pressed lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDS-P) MT and HT (high translucency), milled zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS-M) MT and hot-pressed zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS-P) MT and HT, resulting n = 96 surfaces. All the samples were artificially aged by thermal cycling, and all investigations were made before and after thermal cycling. In terms of optical properties, differences recorded between ZLS and LDS ceramics are not significant. Thermal cycling increases the translucency of ZLS and LDS glass-ceramic materials significantly, with the most harmful effect on the pressed and polished samples. Micro- and nano roughness are significantly influenced by in vitro aging and a negative correlation was recorded. Glazed samples are characterized by significant rougher surfaces for all types of materials. On nanolevel, ZLS materials are significantly smoothed by thermal cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Porojan
- Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Roxana-Diana Vasiliu
- Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-745225523
| | - Mihaela-Ionela Bîrdeanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, 300569 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Sorin-Daniel Porojan
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation (Dental Technology), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Romania, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
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Archangelo KC, Guilardi LF, Campanelli D, Valandro LF, Borges ALS. Fatigue failure load and finite element analysis of multilayer ceramic restorations. Dent Mater 2018; 35:64-73. [PMID: 30448347 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the fatigue failure load via staircase approach and stress distribution via FEA of different ceramic configurations arranged in multilayers composed of ceramic materials with different elastic moduli and compare them to monolayer models. METHODS CAD-CAM ceramic blocks were used to shape 0.3mm and 1.5mm thick discs, corresponding to: feldspathic (F), 64GPa; lithium disilicate (L), 95GPa; and Yttrium-partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) (Y), 209.3GPa. The 0.3mm discs were arranged in 4 layers cemented with resin cement (Multilink N), and the 1.5mm discs were not treated, in such a way that the final thickness of all specimens was 1.5mm (±0.15mm). The following 6 groups were tested: F (F: monolithic); L (L: monolithic); LLFF (L+L+F+F); FFLL (F+F+L+L); YLFF (Y+L+F+F); YLLF (Y+L+L+F). The loads-to-fracture were obtained using the biaxial flexural strength test until failure and the data were run using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons (α=0.05) tests. The biaxial bending test was also simulated through finite element analysis (FEA) to identify the tensile stress generated at each layer of the groups. Mean fatigue failure load (100,000 cycles; 20Hz) was determined using the staircase approach. The fracture analysis was performed by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The load to fracture (N) were obtained as follows: L (592.9±73.8)D>FFLL (319.78±43.59)C>YLLF (246.75±24.89)B>F (167.13±9.84)A>YLFF (166.51±15.24)A>LLFF (165.46±22.75)A; and the fatigue failure load (N): L (310.92±26.73)F>FFLL (190.17±8.32)E>F (106.21±2.81)D>YLLF (96.48±5.73)C>YLFF (89.56±2.38)B>LLFF (77.23±6.33)A. The origin of all of the tested specimens was located at the tensile region of the discs, as encountered in FEA. SIGNIFICANCE The material under tensile stress is determinant for the restoration's strength and the adhesive interface negatively influenced the mechanical behavior of the multilayer structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Archangelo
- Institute of Science and Technology of São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil.
| | - L F Guilardi
- Post-Graduation Program in Oral Science, Santa Maria Federal University (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - D Campanelli
- Institute of Science and Technology of São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil.
| | - L F Valandro
- Faculty of Odontology, Santa Maria Federal University (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil.
| | - A L S Borges
- Institute of Science and Technology of São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil.
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El Zhawi H, Kaizer MR, Chughtai A, Moraes RR, Zhang Y. Polymer infiltrated ceramic network structures for resistance to fatigue fracture and wear. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1352-1361. [PMID: 27585486 PMCID: PMC5075247 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate fatigue fracture resistance and wear behavior of a polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) material (ENAMIC, Vita Zahnfabrik). METHODS Anatomically shaped ENAMIC monolithic crowns were milled using a CAD/CAM system. The crowns were cemented on aged dentin-like composite abutments (Z100, 3M ESPE) with resin-based cement (Vita DUO Cement, Vita). The specimens were subjected to 2 types of fatigue and wear tests: (1) accelerated sliding-contact mouth-motion step-stress fatigue test (n=24) in water; and (2) long-term sliding-contact mouth-motion fatigue/wear test using a clinically relevant load (P=200N, n=8) in water. Failure was designated as chip-off or bulk fracture. Optical and scanning electron microscopes were used to examine the occlusal surface and subsurface damage, as well as to reveal the material's microstructure. In addition, wear volume and depth were measured by X-ray micro-computed tomography. RESULTS For accelerated mouth-motion step-stress fatigue testing, 3 out of the 24 ENAMIC crowns fractured following cyclic loading up to 1700N. Minor occlusal damage and contact-induced cone cracks were observed in all surviving specimens, but no flexural radial cracks were seen. For long-term mouth-motion fatigue/wear testing under a 200N load in water, a small wear scar without significant cracks was observed in all 8 tested ENAMIC crowns. SIGNIFICANCE Monolithic CAD/CAM ENAMIC crowns showed superior resistance to sliding-contact fatigue fracture and wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa El Zhawi
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Marina R Kaizer
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA; School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Asima Chughtai
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Rafael R Moraes
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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Shembish FA, Tong H, Kaizer M, Janal MN, Thompson VP, Opdam NJ, Zhang Y. Fatigue resistance of CAD/CAM resin composite molar crowns. Dent Mater 2016; 32:499-509. [PMID: 26777092 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the fatigue behavior of CAD/CAM resin composite molar crowns using a mouth-motion step-stress fatigue test. Monolithic leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crowns were used as a reference. METHODS Fully anatomically shaped monolithic resin composite molar crowns (Lava Ultimate, n=24) and leucite reinforced glass-ceramic crowns (IPS Empress CAD, n=24) were fabricated using CAD/CAM systems. Crowns were cemented on aged dentin-like resin composite tooth replicas (Filtek Z100) with resin-based cements (RelyX Ultimate for Lava Ultimate or Multilink Automix for IPS Empress). Three step-stress profiles (aggressive, moderate and mild) were employed for the accelerated sliding-contact mouth-motion fatigue test. Twenty one crowns from each group were randomly distributed among these three profiles (1:2:4). Failure was designated as chip-off or bulk fracture. Optical and electron microscopes were used to examine the occlusal surface and subsurface damages, as well as the material microstructures. RESULTS The resin composite crowns showed only minor occlusal damage during mouth-motion step-stress fatigue loading up to 1700N. Cross-sectional views revealed contact-induced cone cracks in all specimens, and flexural radial cracks in 2 crowns. Both cone and radial cracks were relatively small compared to the crown thickness. Extending these cracks to the threshold for catastrophic failure would require much higher indentation loads or more loading cycles. In contrast, all of the glass-ceramic crowns fractured, starting at loads of approximately 450N. SIGNIFICANCE Monolithic CAD/CAM resin composite crowns endure, with only superficial damage, fatigue loads 3-4 times higher than those causing catastrophic failure in glass-ceramic CAD crowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A Shembish
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Hui Tong
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Marina Kaizer
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA; Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Malvin N Janal
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, New York University College of Dentistry, 380 Second Avenue Suite 301, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Van P Thompson
- Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics, King's College London Dental Institute, United Kingdom
| | - Niek J Opdam
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, College of Dental Sciences, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Ph van Leydenlaan 25, PO Box 9101, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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