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Fayed MS, Elsherbini NN, Mohsen B, Osman R. Digital wear analysis and retention of poly-ether-ether-ketone retentive inserts versus conventional nylon inserts in locator retained mandibular overdentures: in-vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:468. [PMID: 39105859 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05831-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE this study aimed to digitally compare wear behavior and retention between PEEK and nylon retentive inserts used in locator-retained, mandibular implant overdentures when attachment design and size were standardized. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of sixty-four inserts (32 PEEK and 32 nylon inserts); were picked-up in implant overdentures. Overdentures of both groups were submerged in artificial saliva and mounted to chewing simulator. After 480,000 chewing cycles (equivalent to 2 years of clinical use) all inserts were scanned by scanning electron microscope (SEM), then all acquired images were digitally analyzed by software to detect and compare quantitative and qualitative changes of inserts in both groups. On the other hand, retention of both groups was measured by universal testing machine and the collected data was statistically analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test with significance level set at P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS PEEK inserts showed significantly higher mean retentive values compared to the nylon inserts in the control group. Also, PEEK retentive inserts exhibited statistically lower mean wear values than the control group P ≥ 0.000. Qualitative investigation revealed significant and more pronounced changes in the surface roughness of nylon inserts compared to PEEK ones. CONCLUSIONS Regarding retention, wear behavior and dimension stability, PEEK can be recommended as retentive insert material in cases of locator-retained mandibular implant overdentures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE PEEK inserts offer enhanced retention, reduced wear, and greater dimensional stability over two years time interval. Clinically, this reduces prosthodontic maintenance and adjustments, improving patient satisfaction and long-term prosthetic success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Saleh Fayed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Future University in Egypt, St. Teseen, New Cairo 1, Cairo Governorate, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | | | - Bassem Mohsen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Future University in Egypt, St. Teseen, New Cairo 1, Cairo Governorate, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Reham Osman
- Department of Prosthodontics, Cairo University in Egypt, Giza, Egypt
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Türksayar AAD, Petersmann S, Spintzyk S. The effect of thermomechanical aging on the fracture resistance of additive and subtractive manufactured polyetheretherketone abutments. J Dent 2024:105225. [PMID: 38969266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the fracture resistance (FR) of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) abutments produced by additive and subtractive methods compared to milled zirconia abutments. METHODS Custom abutments were designed on Ti-base abutments and produced from three different materials, namely additively manufactured PEEK (PEEK-AM), subtractively manufactured PEEK (PEEK-SM), and zirconia (N=60). PEEK-AM abutments were printed using PEEK filaments (VESTAKEEP®i4 3DF-T, Evonik Industries AG) on a M150 Medical 3D Printer (ORION AM) by fused filament fabrication (FFF). All surface treatments were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. All abutments were cemented on Ti-bases with hybrid abutment cement and then restored with milled zirconia crowns. Each subgroup was divided into non-aged and aged subgroups (n=10). The aged groups were subjected to thermomechanical aging (49 N, 5-55°C, 1.2 million cycles). FR tests were performed by using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way and two-way ANOVA and t-test. RESULTS The survival rate of the specimens after aging was determined as 100%. It was found that both the material and aging had a significant effect on the FR (p<.001). There was a statistical difference among the fracture values of the groups (p<0.001). In both the aged and non-aged groups, PEEK-AM showed the statistically lowest FR, while the highest FR was seen in the zirconia group, which was significantly higher than the PEEK-SM (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Hybrid abutments were successfully manufactured, and extrusion-based processed PEEK seems to be a good alternative to subtractive processed PEEK. However, since subtractive manufacturing still appears to be superior, further developments in additive manufacturing are needed to further improve the quality of 3D-printed PEEK parts, especially in terms of accuracy and bonding between adjacent layers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Additively manufactured PEEK abutments have the potential to be an alternative for implant-supported restorations in the posterior region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almira Ada Diken Türksayar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Biruni University, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul, Turkey; ADMiRE Research Center, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Europastrasse, 9524 Villach, Austria.
| | - Sandra Petersmann
- ADMiRE Research Center, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Europastrasse, 9524 Villach, Austria
| | - Sebastian Spintzyk
- ADMiRE Research Center, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Europastrasse, 9524 Villach, Austria
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Emam M, Metwally MF. Effect of coping materials zirconia or polyetheretherketone with different techniques of fabrication on vertical marginal gap and fracture resistance of posterior crowns with composite veneering. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:546. [PMID: 37559037 PMCID: PMC10413631 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient research has been conducted in the literature assessing the performance of zirconia and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) crowns in relation to the essential requirements of successful restorations, such as fracture resistance or margin adaptation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the coping materials zirconia or PEEK with different fabrication techniques on the vertical marginal gap and fracture resistance of posterior crowns with composite veneering. METHODS Ceramic copings (n = 18) restoring mandibular first molar were fabricated from zirconia (Zircon.x, Presidentdental, Germany), milled PEEK (PEEK CAD) (breCAM.BioHPP, Bredent, Germany) and pressed PEEK (PEEK Press) (BioHPP Granules, Bredent, Germany) six specimens each (n = 6). The copings were veneered with high impact polymer composite (HIPC) material (breCAM.HIPC, Bredent, Germany). The vertical marginal gap was captured under a magnification of 40X. Five equidistant marks on each surface of the die distinguished the points of measurement for a total of 20 readings per sample. The analysis was completed using an image analysis system (ImageJ 1.53t, National Institute of Health, USA). The specimens were loaded to failure at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min and the load at failure was recorded to measure the fracture resistance. RESULTS The marginal gap was analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Fracture resistance was analyzed using Welch one-way ANOVA followed by the Games-Howell post hoc test. Marginal gap values showed a significant difference between the tested groups, with zirconia having significantly lower gap values (48.67 ± 11.98 µm) than both the PEEK CAD (108.00 ± 20.08 µm) and Press groups (108.00 ± 25.10 µm) (p < 0.001). However, the results of fracture resistance showed no significant difference (p = 0.06) with 1687.47 ± 253.29 N, 2156.82 ± 407.64 N, 2436.72 ± 725.93 N for zirconia, PEEK CAD, and Press, respectively. The significance level was p < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS Zirconia framework crowns have a smaller vertical marginal gap than milled and pressed PEEK crowns. Crowns fabricated from zirconia, PEEK CAD, or PEEK Press frameworks and veneered with composite resin have comparable fracture resistance lower than the maximum biting force in the posterior region. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Posterior crowns with zirconia frameworks are preferred over milled and pressed PEEK frameworks regarding margin adaptation, although all can safely survive the maximum occlusal forces without fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Emam
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity St, El-Qobba Bridge, Al Waili, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F Metwally
- Department of Crown and Bridge, Faculty of Dental Medicine, AL Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Gao P, Yuan M, Xu Y, Wu Y, Lin X, Li Y, Li S, Wang J. The safety and effectiveness comparison of Delta Medical's PEEK interface screw and Endobutton and that of Smith & Nephew's in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A multicenter prospective double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1003591. [PMID: 36419987 PMCID: PMC9676447 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1003591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To reduce the costs and financial burden in the ACLR treatment, we compare the early clinical outcomes and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) results of Delta Medical's PEEK (polyether ether ketone) interference screw and EndoButton with those of Smith & Nephew's PEEK interference screw and EndoButton in patients with arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods A total of 104 patients in five different medical centers were randomly allocated into two groups: 1: Delta Medical's PEEK interference screw and EndoButton (53 patients); 2: Smith & Nephew's PEEK interference screw and EndoButton (51 patients). The modified Lysholm knee score, the laxity examination, and clinical and functional range of motion were evaluated at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The clinical effective rate was calculated and classified as excellent and good at 6 months postoperatively. MRI examinations were performed at 3 and 6 months postoperatively to determine the healing process. Computerized tomography (CT) was performed at 2 weeks and 3 months postoperatively to evaluate the complications. Results Significant improvements in knee function and functional scores were observed in both groups after surgery regardless of the fixation materials applied (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in the functional scores and range of motion. The assessments of Lysholm knee scores at 3 and 6 months produced no statistical differences (both P > 0.05). The clinical effective rate revealed no difference between the groups at 6 months postoperatively (non-inferiority analysis P = 0.0220). The differences of laxity examination between the groups were not statistically significant (Fisher's test, P = 0.6139, 0.2004, respectively). No significant differences in the functional range of motion were found at each follow-up time-point (P > 0.05). No major intra- or postoperative complications, such as infection, and vessel or nerve injury were observed. Conclusions Knee function and functional scores were improved after ACLR in both groups, regardless of the PEEK interference screw and EndoButton applied. The difference in functional scores and range of motion were not significant in groups 1 and 2. Delta Medical's PEEK interference screw and EndoButton had a non-inferiority effect compared to Smith & Nephew's PEEK interference screw and EndoButton. Delta Medical's PEEK interference screw and EndoButton were suitable for arthroscopic ACLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China,Clinical Research Center for Sports Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Minghao Yuan
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China
| | - Yongsheng Xu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Huhhot, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
| | - Xiaohang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shensong Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, China,Clinical Research Center for Sports Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Jing Wang
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Zhou Z, Han X, Gao W, Li Y, Yu W, Yang S, Zhang J, Wang J, Shi R, Zhou Y, Zhao J. Fabrication and mechanical properties of different types of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone: A comparative study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 135:105472. [PMID: 36162163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To find alternative non-metallic materials as dental implants for clinical application, different types of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone were fabricated and investigated. METHODS Continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone fabrics were fabricated with polyetheretherketone fibers and carbon fibers. Different kinds of carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone were synthesized by setting specific experiment parameters of injection or hot press molding. Various mechanical tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties of different carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone, pure polyetheretherketone and pure titanium. RESULTS Polyetheretherketone composites presented outstanding mechanical and thermal properties after incorporating carbon fiber. The bending and tensile strength of short carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone were close to human bone, and the bending strength of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone reached 644 MPa, even higher than that of pure titanium. CONCLUSIONS The mechanical properties of polyetheretherketone composites are more similar to bone tissue than titanium, and the stress shielding phenomenon may be inhibited. They may become promising materials as substitutions for titanium and prospective materials in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Weijia Gao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wanqi Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shihui Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Junyan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ruining Shi
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Polymer–Metal Composite Healthcare Materials: From Nano to Device Scale. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6080218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Metals have been investigated as biomaterials for a wide range of medical applications. At nanoscale, some metals, such as gold nanoparticles, exhibit plasmonics, which have motivated researchers’ focus on biosensor development. At the device level, some metals, such as titanium, exhibit good physical properties, which could allow them to act as biomedical implants for physical support. Despite these attractive features, the non-specific delivery of metallic nanoparticles and poor tissue–device compatibility have greatly limited their performance. This review aims to illustrate the interplay between polymers and metals, and to highlight the pivotal role of polymer–metal composite/nanocomposite healthcare materials in different biomedical applications. Here, we revisit the recent plasmonic engineered platforms for biomolecules detection in cell-free samples and highlight updated nanocomposite design for (1) intracellular RNA detection, (2) photothermal therapy, and (3) nanomedicine for neurodegenerative diseases, as selected significant live cell–interactive biomedical applications. At the device scale, the rational design of polymer–metallic medical devices is of importance for dental and cardiovascular implantation to overcome the poor physical load transfer between tissues and devices, as well as implant compatibility under a dynamic fluidic environment, respectively. Finally, we conclude the treatment of these innovative polymer–metal biomedical composite designs and provide a future perspective on the aforementioned research areas.
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Suphangul S, Rokaya D, Kanchanasobhana C, Rungsiyakull P, Chaijareenont P. PEEK Biomaterial in Long-Term Provisional Implant Restorations: A Review. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020033. [PMID: 35466215 PMCID: PMC9036277 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has become a useful polymeric biomaterial due to its superior properties and has been increasingly used in dentistry, especially in prosthetic dentistry and dental implantology. Promising applications of PEEK in dentistry are dental implants, temporary abutment, implant-supported provisional crowns, fixed prosthesis, removable denture framework, and finger prosthesis. PEEK as a long-term provisional implant restoration has not been studied much. Hence, this review article aims to review PEEK as a long-term provisional implant restoration for applications focusing on implant dentistry. Articles published in English on PEEK biomaterial for long-term provisional implant restoration were searched in Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus. Then, relevant articles were selected and included in this literature review. PEEK presents suitable properties for various implant components in implant dentistry, including temporary and long-term provisional restorations. The modifications of PEEK result in wider applications in clinical dentistry. The PEEK reinforced by 30-50% carbon fibers can be a suitable material for the various implant components in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphachai Suphangul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Chatruethai Kanchanasobhana
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
| | - Pimduen Rungsiyakull
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
| | - Pisaisit Chaijareenont
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.K.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-(0)53-944-438
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KARADAYI YÜZÜKCÜ AE, YERLİYURT K. HOW IMPORTANT ARE THE IMPLANT INCLINATION AND THE INFRASTRUCTURE MATERIAL USED IN IMPLANT SUPPORTED FIXED PROSTHESES? CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.1009405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Guo C, Liu X, Liu G. Surface Finishing of FDM-Fabricated Amorphous Polyetheretherketone and Its Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite by Dry Milling. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132175. [PMID: 34209099 PMCID: PMC8272036 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, many investigations have been devoted to fused deposition modeling (FDM) of high-performance polymer-polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and carbon-fiber-reinforced PEEK (CF/PEEK) for biomedical and aerospace applications. However, the staircase effect naturally brought about by FDM restricts further applications of 3D-printed PEEK and its composites in high-temperature molds, medical implants, and precision components, which require better or customized surface qualities. Hence, this work aimed to reduce the staircase effect and improve the surface quality of 3D-printed PEEK and CF/PEEK parts by dry milling of the fluctuant exterior surface. The co-dependency between 3D printing parameters (raster angle and layer thickness) and milling parameters (depth of cut, spindle speed, and feed rate per tooth) were investigated through experiments. The difference in removal mechanisms for PEEK and CF/PEEK was revealed. It was confirmed that the smearing effect enhanced the surface quality based on the morphology analysis and the simulation model. Both the raster angle of +45°/-45° and the small layer thickness could improve the surface quality of these 3D-printed polymers after dry milling. A large depth of cut and a large feed rate per tooth were likely to deteriorate the finished polymer surface. The spindle speed could influence the morphologies without significant changes in roughness values. Finally, a demonstration was performed to verify that dry milling of 3D-printed amorphous PEEK and CF/PEEK parts could lead to a high surface quality for critical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Guo
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (C.G.); (X.L.)
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (C.G.); (X.L.)
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guang Liu
- School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence:
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Blanch-Martínez N, Arias-Herrera S, Martínez-González A. Behavior of polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) in prostheses on dental implants. A review. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e520-e526. [PMID: 33981401 PMCID: PMC8106930 DOI: 10.4317/jced.58102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of new and innovative materials such as high performance polymers (PEEK) opens a wide therapeutic range in implant prostheses. They are presented as alternative materials to metal and zirconium alloys in the manufacture of structures and attachments for implant prostheses and fixed and removable dental substitutes. The objective of this review is to know the characteristics of this material and thus assess its advantages and disadvantages in its possible applications in prostheses on dental implants.
Material and Methods A bibliographic search was carried out through the PubMed and Scopus search engines, of articles published from 2007 to 2020, excluding all articles in which PEEK was used for tooth prostheses. The data on the sufficiency of the PEEK material were organized according to its chemical, physical and mechanical properties.
Results 148 articles were found in the databases using as keywords; Polyetheretherketone; PEEK; BioHPP; healing abutments; dental prostheses; dental prosthodontics; Full-arch rehabilitation; fixed implant prosthodontics; implant-retained prostheses; implant prostheses.
Conclusions It is concluded that PEEK offers greater lightness, good aesthetics, biocompatibility, and an elastic modulus more similar to bone than other materials commonly used in implant prostheses; however, it presents a higher risk of fracture and abrasion. More long-term clinical studies will be necessary to advise its use in implant prostheses. Key words:Polyetheretherketone, PEEK, BioHPP, healing abutments, dental prostheses, dental prosthodontics,Full-arch rehabilitation, fixed implant prosthodontics, implant-retained prostheses, implant prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Blanch-Martínez
- Universidad Europea de Valencia. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry.,Clinical and Applied in Implant-Prosthetics (ICAI) Research Group, Universidad Europea de Valencia. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry
| | - Santiago Arias-Herrera
- Universidad Europea de Valencia. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry.,Clinical and Applied in Implant-Prosthetics (ICAI) Research Group, Universidad Europea de Valencia. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry
| | - Amparo Martínez-González
- Universidad Europea de Valencia. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry.,Clinical and Applied in Implant-Prosthetics (ICAI) Research Group, Universidad Europea de Valencia. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Dentistry
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Souza JCM, Pinho SS, Braz MP, Silva FS, Henriques B. Carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK in implant dentistry: A scoping review on the finite element method. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021; 24:1355-1367. [PMID: 33616450 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2021.1888939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to perform an integrative systematic review on the stress distribution assessed by finite element analysis on dental implants or abutments composed of carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK composites.Method: An electronic search was performed on PUBMED and ScienceDirect using a combination of the following search terms: PEEK, Polyetheretherketone, FEA, FEM, Finite element, Stress, Dental implant and Dental abutment.Results: The findings reported mechanical properties and the stress distribution through implant and abutment composed of PEEK and its fiber-reinforced composites. Unfilled PEEK revealed low values of elastic modulus and strength that negatively affected the stress distribution through the abutment and implant towards to the bone tisues. The incorporation of 30% carbon fibers increased the elastic modulus and strength of the PEEK-matrix composites although some studies reported no statistic differences in stress magnitude when compared to unfilled PEEK. However, an increase in short carbon fibers up to 60% revealed an enhancement on the stress distribution through abutment and implants towards to the bone tissues. PEEK veneering onto titanium core structures can also be a strategy to control the stress distribution at the implant-to-bone interface.Conclusions: The stiffness and strength of PEEK-matrix composites can be increased by the improvement of the carbon fibers' network. Thus, the content, shape, dimensions, and chemical composition of fibers are key factors to improve the stress distribution through abutment and implants composed of PEEK-matrix composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio C M Souza
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Braga, Portugal.,Dept. of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Sofia S Pinho
- Dept. of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Maria Pranto Braz
- Dept. of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Filipe S Silva
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Center for Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Braga, Portugal.,Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group (CERMAT), Departmenf of Mechanical Engineering (EMC), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900 Florianópolis/SC, Brazil
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Bethke A, Pieralli S, Kohal RJ, Burkhardt F, von Stein-Lausnitz M, Vach K, Spies BC. Fracture Resistance of Zirconia Oral Implants In Vitro: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E562. [PMID: 31991565 PMCID: PMC7040771 DOI: 10.3390/ma13030562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Various protocols are available to preclinically assess the fracture resistance of zirconia oral implants. The objective of the present review was to determine the impact of different treatments (dynamic loading, hydrothermal aging) and implant features (e.g., material, design or manufacturing) on the fracture resistance of zirconia implants. An electronic screening of two databases (MEDLINE/Pubmed, Embase) was performed. Investigations including > 5 screw-shaped implants providing information to calculate the bending moment at the time point of static loading to fracture were considered. Data was extracted and meta-analyses were conducted using multilevel mixed-effects generalized linear models (GLMs). The Šidák method was used to correct for multiple testing. The initial search resulted in 1864 articles, and finally 19 investigations loading 731 zirconia implants to fracture were analyzed. In general, fracture resistance was affected by the implant design (1-piece > 2-piece, p = 0.004), material (alumina-toughened zirconia/ATZ > yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal/Y-TZP, p = 0.002) and abutment preparation (untouched > modified/grinded, p < 0.001). In case of 2-piece implants, the amount of dynamic loading cycles prior to static loading (p < 0.001) or anatomical crown supply (p < 0.001) negatively affected the outcome. No impact was found for hydrothermal aging. Heterogeneous findings of the present review highlight the importance of thoroughly and individually evaluating the fracture resistance of every zirconia implant system prior to market release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalena Bethke
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.B.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (M.v.S.-L.)
| | - Stefano Pieralli
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.B.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (M.v.S.-L.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Ralf-Joachim Kohal
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Felix Burkhardt
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.B.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (M.v.S.-L.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Manja von Stein-Lausnitz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.B.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (M.v.S.-L.)
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 26, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Benedikt Christopher Spies
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany; (A.B.); (S.P.); (F.B.); (M.v.S.-L.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Dental Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;
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Chen X, Ma R, Min J, Li Z, Yu P, Yu H. Effect of PEEK and PTFE coatings in fatigue performance of dental implant retaining screw joint: An in vitro study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103530. [PMID: 31756564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mechanical complications play a key role in failure of dental implants. Retaining screw loosening was one of the most commonly encountered. This study investigated the effect of PEEK and PTFE coatings on dental implant screw thread joint. METHODS Retaining screws were coated with PEEK and PTFE in thickness of 30 μm and 60 μm. Friction coefficient and clamping force of screw thread pair were measured, single load-to-fracture (SLF) test and dynamic fatigue life (DFL) test were done to test the stability of implant thread connection. After that, screw fracture mode and erosion morphology of screw surface and implant internal thread were observed. RESULTS The results showed that both PEEK and PTFE coatings could reduce friction coefficient, and consequently increase clamping force, especially PTFE coatings. PEEK coatings had no significant effect on fracture load, while 30 μm PTFE coating reduced fracture load. PEEK coatings also elongated fatigue life and improved the anti-loosening property under dynamic load, while 30 μm PTFE coating shortened fatigue life. Most of the screw fracture happened at the first thread of the retaining screws. The fracture-end of PEEK coated screws were loosed and could easily remove, but fracture-end of PTFE screws could not. Internal thread observation showed that both PEEK and PTFE coatings could reduce wear of implant internal thread. CONCLUSION PEEK coatings could effectively improve the stability of implant threaded connection, and reduce wear of implant internal thread. PEEK coating may be a suitable way to prevent screw loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jie Min
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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Stimmelmayr M, Lang A, Beuer F, Mansour S, Erdelt K, Krennmair G, Güth JF. Mechanical stability of all-ceramic abutments retained with three different screw materials in two-piece zirconia implants-an in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1801-1806. [PMID: 31478098 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the abutment rotation and fracture load of two-piece zirconia implants screwed with three different abutment screw materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six zirconia implants with 36 zirconia abutments were distributed into 3 test groups: group G connected with gold screws, group T with titanium screws, and group P with peek screws. In the first part of the study, the rotation angle of the abutments was measured. The second part of the study measured the maximum fracture force of adhesively bonded lithium disilicate crowns after artificial aging and fracture modes were reported. RESULTS In group G, the median rotation angle was 8.0°, in group T 11.6°, and in group P 9.5°. After artificial aging, no screw loosening, crown, abutment, or implant fracture occurred. The median fracture force in group G was 250 N, in group T 263 N, and in group P 196 N. CONCLUSIONS Rotation angles and fracture loads of two-piece zirconia implants with gold, titanium, or peek screws showed no significant differences; however, fracture loads showed inferior results for group P. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The indication for the material peek as an abutment screw is still questionable and should be considered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stimmelmayr
- Private Practice for Oral Surgery, 93413, Cham, Germany. .,Department of Prosthodontics, University of Munich, Goethestr 70, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Anna Lang
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Munich, Goethestr 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Beuer
- Department of Prosthodontics and Gerontostomtology, University of Berlin, Assmannshauser Strasse 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Mansour
- Department of Prosthodontics and Gerontostomtology, University of Berlin, Assmannshauser Strasse 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kurt Erdelt
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Munich, Goethestr 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerald Krennmair
- Dental School, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan-Frederik Güth
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Munich, Goethestr 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Mishra S, Chowdhary R. PEEK materials as an alternative to titanium in dental implants: A systematic review. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2018; 21:208-222. [PMID: 30589497 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluation of the available research on PEEK materials to find that whether PEEK material has favorable properties and can enhance osseointegration, so that they can be utilize as implants material. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic and structured systematic search was undertaken in May 2018, without any restrictions of time in the Medline/Pubmed, Sci-hub, Ebscohost, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases. To identify other related references further hand search was done. Articles related to PEEK and their applications in implants were only included. Articles not available in abstract form and article other than English language were excluded. RESULTS Initially, the search resulted in 153 papers. Independent screenings of the abstracts were done by the reviewers to identify the articles related to the question in focus. Sixty-two studies were selected out of which 10 were further excluded due to not in English language. Two additional papers were obtained after hand searching, and finally 54 articles were included in the review. CONCLUSIONS Surface modification of PEEK seems to enhance the cell adhesion, proliferation, biocompability, and osteogenic properties of PEEK implant materials. PEEK had also influence the biofilm structure and reduces the chances of periimplant inflammations. Further research and more number of controlled clinical trials on PEEK implant is required in near future so that it can replace titanium in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Mishra
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peoples College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Chowdhary
- Department of Prosthodontics, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Maiborodin IV, Shevela AA, Toder MS, Shevela AI. [Current trends of the choice and processing of materials for dental implantation]. STOMATOLOGII︠A︡ 2018; 97:68-76. [PMID: 30199073 DOI: 10.17116/stomat20189704168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
For assessment of the modern situation about the choice of materials for manufacture of dental implants and the processing of their surface the scientific literature for the last 2 years was study. On the basis of a large number of contradictory results of the researches devoted to each of dental implantation problems it is possible to draw a conclusion that any of primal problems of implantology is finally not solved. There is no unique opinion at the choice of optimum material for manufacture of dental implants, at the way of processing and modification of their surface. The problem of improvement of quality of dental implantation and fight against complications of this procedure cannot be solved simple drawing other substances on the implanted material surface, this task more easily and more successfully is solved via changes of product structure and various modification of implant surface. Up to the present the researches of an opportunity to influence on characteristics of the implanted materials, changing their structure and character of a surface, continue. And the publications reporting about the considerable positive effect of artificially created roughnesses on product surfaces, and the articles claiming that there are no big differences between the rough and polished implants are confirmed by objective measurements with statistical processing of the obtained data. It should be noted that among articles there are very many works of the doubtful plan or with insufficiently valid conclusions. This review leads to the conclusion that further clinical and experimental studies and about the choice of materials for manufacture of implants and at the ways of processing of their surface are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- I V Maiborodin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Russian Academy of Science, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Shevela
- International Center of Implantology of iDent, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M S Toder
- International Center of Implantology of iDent, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A I Shevela
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Russian Academy of Science, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, Russia
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17
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Spies BC, Fross A, Adolfsson E, Bagegni A, Doerken S, Kohal RJ. Stability and aging resistance of a zirconia oral implant using a carbon fiber-reinforced screw for implant-abutment connection. Dent Mater 2018; 34:1585-1595. [PMID: 30180975 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.08.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the long-term stability of a metal-free zirconia two-piece implant assembled with a carbon fiber-reinforced (CRF) screw by means of transformation propagation, potential changes in surface roughness, the gap size of the implant-abutment connection, and fracture load values. METHODS In a combined procedure, two-piece implants made from alumina-toughened zirconia were dynamically loaded (107 cycles) and hydrothermally aged (85°, 60days). Implants made from titanium (Ti) and a titanium-zirconium (TiZr) alloy with a titanium abutment screw served as control. Transformation propagation (ATZ) and gap size of the IAC were monitored at cross-sections by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, changes in surface roughness of ATZ implants were measured. Finally, implants were statically loaded to fracture. Linear regression models and pairwise comparisons were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Independent of the implant bulk material, dynamic loading/hydrothermal aging did not decrease fracture resistance (p=0.704). All test and control implants fractured at mean loads >1100N. Gap size of the IAC remained stable (<5μm) or decreased. None of the CFR screws fractured during static or dynamic loading. Monoclinic layer thickness of ATZ implants increased by 2-3μm at surfaces exposed to water, including internal surfaces of the IAC. No changes in surface roughness were observed. SIGNIFICANCE Combined hydrothermal aging and dynamic loading did not affect the above-mentioned parameters of the evaluated two-piece ATZ implant. Mean fracture loads >1100N suggest a reliable clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt C Spies
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alexander Fross
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Aimen Bagegni
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sam Doerken
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 26, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf-Joachim Kohal
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Center for Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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18
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Effect of different restorative crown and customized abutment materials on stress distribution in single implants and peripheral bone: A three-dimensional finite element analysis study. J Prosthet Dent 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Vogel D, Dempwolf H, Baumann A, Bader R. Characterization of thick titanium plasma spray coatings on PEEK materials used for medical implants and the influence on the mechanical properties. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 77:600-608. [PMID: 29096126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coating poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) with rough and porous titanium plasma spray (TPS) coatings is a technique which is commonly used to enhance the osseointegrative properties of medical implants. However, the influence of the TPS coating on the PEEK mechanical properties has not been sufficiently evaluated to date. In this study, PEEK samples were coated with a thick TPS layer with grains of 90µm and 180µm diameter. The coating characteristics and the adhesive strength of the coatings on the samples were determined and compared to coatings on titanium samples. The influence of the coating process on the mechanical and chemical-physical properties of PEEK was also evaluated. All TPS coatings on PEEK and titanium fulfilled the manufacturer's requirements for thickness (200 ± 50µm), porosity (30 ± 10%) and roughness (90µm grain diameter coating: 25 ± 5µm and 180µm grain diameter coating: 45 ± 15µm) and were able to meet the demands required for adhesive strength (> 22MPa) and shear strength (> 20MPa). However, the mechanical properties i.e. yield stress, fracture strain, flexural modulus and flexural stress, of the PEEK samples were influenced by the coating process, while the chemical-physical properties were not altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Vogel
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, University Medicine Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Henry Dempwolf
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, University Medicine Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany; DOT GmbH, Charles-Darwin-Ring 1a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Axel Baumann
- DOT GmbH, Charles-Darwin-Ring 1a, 18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, University Medicine Rostock, Doberaner Straße 142, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
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AL‐Rabab'ah M, Hamadneh W, Alsalem I, Khraisat A, Abu Karaky A. Use of High Performance Polymers as Dental Implant Abutments and Frameworks: A Case Series Report. J Prosthodont 2017; 28:365-372. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad AL‐Rabab'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of DentistryThe University of Jordan Amman Jordan
| | | | | | - Ameen Khraisat
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of DentistryThe University of Jordan Amman Jordan
| | - Ashraf Abu Karaky
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, School of DentistryThe University of Jordan Amman Jordan
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