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Popescu AD, Ţuculină MJ, Gheorghiță LM, Osman A, Nicolicescu C, Bugălă SA, Ionescu M, Abdul-Razzak J, Diaconu OA, Dimitriu B. An In Vitro Study regarding the Wear of Composite Materials Following the Use of Dental Bleaching Protocols. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:532. [PMID: 37888197 PMCID: PMC10607896 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14100532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Composite materials used in dental restorations are considered resistant, long-lasting and aesthetic. As the wear of restorations is an important element in long-term use, the aim of this study was to evaluate the surface condition of nanohybrid and microfilled composite resins, after being subjected to the erosive action of dental bleaching protocols. This paper reflects a comparative study between one nanofilled composite and three microfilled composites used in restorations. For each composite, three sets of samples (under the form of composite discs) were created: a control group, an "office bleach" group with discs bleached with 40% hydrogen peroxide gel, and a "home bleach" group with discs bleached with 16% carbamide peroxide gel. Wear was numerically determined as the trace and the coefficients of friction obtained using a tribometer, the ball-on-disk test method, and two balls: alumina and sapphire. For all composite groups, there were statistically significant differences between the wear corresponding to the control and bleaching groups, for both testing balls. Regarding the composite type, the largest traces were recorded for GC Gradia direct anterior, for all groups, using the alumina ball. In contrast, for the sapphire ball, 3M ESPE Filtek Z550 was characterized by the largest traces. With respect to the friction coefficients, the "office bleach" group recorded the largest values, no matter the composite or the ball type used. The 3M ESPE Valux Plus composite recorded the largest friction coefficients for the alumina ball, and 3M ESPE Filtek Z550 for the sapphire ball. Overall, the "office bleach" group was characterized by higher composite wear, compared to the "home bleach" protocol or control group. Nanofilled composite resins showed superior wear resistance to microfilled resins after undergoing a bleaching protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Dan Popescu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.P.); (L.M.G.); (S.A.B.); (O.A.D.)
| | - Mihaela Jana Ţuculină
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.P.); (L.M.G.); (S.A.B.); (O.A.D.)
| | - Lelia Mihaela Gheorghiță
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.P.); (L.M.G.); (S.A.B.); (O.A.D.)
| | - Andrei Osman
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
- Department ENT, Clinical Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, 200642 Craiova, Romania
| | - Claudiu Nicolicescu
- Department of Engineering and Management of the Technological Systems 1 Calugareni, Faculty of Mechanics, University of Craiova, 220153 Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Romania
| | - Smaranda Adelina Bugălă
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.P.); (L.M.G.); (S.A.B.); (O.A.D.)
| | - Mihaela Ionescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Jaqueline Abdul-Razzak
- Department of Infant Care–Pediatrics–Neonatology & Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Oana Andreea Diaconu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.D.P.); (L.M.G.); (S.A.B.); (O.A.D.)
| | - Bogdan Dimitriu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Kruzic JJ, Hoffman M, Arsecularatne JA. Fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel: A review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105574. [PMID: 36473402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human tooth enamel must withstand the cyclic contact forces, wear, and corrosion processes involved with typical oral functions. Furthermore, unlike other human tissues, dental enamel does not have a significant capacity for healing or self-repair and thus the longevity of natural teeth in the oral environment depends to a large degree on the fatigue and wear properties of enamel. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of our understanding of the fatigue and wear mechanisms of human enamel and how they relate to in vivo observations of tooth damage in the complex oral environment. A key finding of this review is that fatigue and wear processes are closely related. For example, the presence of abrasive wear particles significantly lowers the forces needed to initiate contact fatigue cracking while subsurface fatigue crack propagation drives key delamination wear mechanisms during attrition or attrition-corrosion of enamel. Furthermore, this review seeks to bring a materials science and mechanical engineering perspective to fatigue and wear phenomena. In this regard, we see developing a mechanistic description of fatigue and wear, and understanding the interconnectivity of the processes, as essential for successfully modelling enamel fatigue and wear damage and developing strategies and treatments to improve the longevity of our natural teeth. Furthermore, we anticipate that this review will stimulate ideas for extending the lifetime of the natural tooth structure and will help highlight where our understanding is too limited and where additional research into fatigue and wear of human tooth enamel is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J Kruzic
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Mark Hoffman
- School of Engineering, University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Joseph A Arsecularatne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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Jin C, Deng J, Pan P, Xiong Y, Zhu L, Gao S. Comparative study on the impact-sliding wear behaviour of CAD/CAM resin-ceramic materials and tooth enamel. Dent Mater 2023; 39:25-40. [PMID: 36456379 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the impact-sliding wear of different CAD/CAM resin-ceramic materials and tooth enamel, and explore the corresponding wear damage mechanism. METHODS Human tooth enamel (EN), Vita ENAMIC (Vita, VE), Lava Ultimate (3 M, LU), and GC CERASMART (GC, CS) were used in this study. The hardness, elastic modulus, and roughness values of the samples were measured. Further, impact-sliding wear tests were performed in a ball-on-flat configuration with spherical zirconia antagonists and the coefficients of friction (CoF) were recorded simultaneously. Additionally, a white light interferometer was used to determine the volume losses and scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the wear morphology of the wear scars and the damage feature in the vertical sections to clarify the damage mechanism during the impact-sliding wear test. RESULTS EN exhibited the highest elastic modulus and CoF, followed by VE, LU, and CS. The hardness and roughness of EN and VE were similar and were higher than those of LU and CS. Throughout the wear tests, VE exhibited the highest volume loss, whereas CS exhibited the lowest. The wear damage characteristics of VE were similar to those of EN, displaying brittle fractures of inorganic substances and plastic deformation of organic substances in the impact part, exhibiting plough marks in the sliding parts. In the case of LU and CS, the entire wear areas displayed plastic deformation of the resin matrix, exfoliation of the filler particles, and plough marks. SIGNIFICANCE Enamel and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network materials exhibit similar wear damage modes. Additionally, the high-density nanocomposite resin material is the most resistant to impact-sliding wear from a tribological perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiuhong Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Peiyue Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuhuan Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610100, China
| | - Liqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Hunter-Schreger Band configuration in human molars reveals more decussation in the lateral enamel of 'functional' cusps than 'guiding' cusps. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 142:105524. [PMID: 36029738 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Enamel prism decussation, which manifests as Hunter-Schreger Bands (HSB), is considered a mechanism to mitigate crack propagation. During the chewing cycle, the 'functional' cusps that are involved in Phase II crushing and grinding experience more complex patterns of stress than do those that 'guide' the molars into occlusion (Phase I). This study examines HSB configuration in the lateral enamel of human molars to identify potential differences between these cusps as predicted from their functional distinctions. DESIGN Measurements were recorded from scanning electron micrographs of sections through the mesial cusps of unworn permanent molars. For each section, HSB packing density and the relative thickness of decussated enamel were quantified in the cuspal and middle segments of lateral enamel over the guiding and functional cusps. RESULTS No clear trend from first to third molars in HSB configuration was found in either jaw. In maxillary molars, the functional cusp displays higher HSB packing density in the cuspal and middle segments, and relatively thicker decussated enamel in the cuspal segment than does the guiding cusp. In mandibular molars, the functional cusp displays higher HSB packing density in the middle segment than does the guiding cusp, but no difference in relative thickness was found between them. Enamel of mandibular molars shows weaker decussation than maxillary molars. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that guiding cusps are intrinsically more susceptible to crack propagation than functional cusps in human permanent molars. Structural factors such as enamel decussation should be considered when interpreting enamel chipping patterns in dietary contexts.
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Paranthropus robustus tooth chipping patterns do not support regular hard food mastication. J Hum Evol 2021; 158:103044. [PMID: 34303928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2021.103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Towle I, Irish JD, De Groote I, Fernée C, Loch C. Dental caries in South African fossil hominins. S AFR J SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.17159/sajs.2021/8705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Once considered rare in fossil hominins, caries has recently been reported in several hominin species, requiring a new assessment of this condition during human evolution. Caries prevalence and location on the teeth of South African fossil hominins were observed and compared with published data from other hominin samples. Teeth were viewed macroscopically, with lesion position and severity noted and described. For all South African fossil hominin specimens studied to date, a total of 10 carious teeth (14 lesions), including 4 described for the first time here, have been observed. These carious teeth were found in a minimum of seven individuals, including five Paranthropus robustus, one early Homo, and one Homo naledi. All 14 lesions affected posterior teeth. The results suggest cariogenic biofilms and foods may have been present in the oral environment of a wide variety of hominins. Caries prevalence in studied fossil hominins is similar to those in pre-agricultural human groups, in which 1–5% of teeth are typically affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Towle
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Joel D. Irish
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and Centre for Excellence in PaleoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Christianne Fernée
- Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Archaeology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Loch
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Chipping and wear patterns in extant primate and fossil hominin molars: 'Functional' cusps are associated with extensive wear but low levels of fracture. J Hum Evol 2020; 151:102923. [PMID: 33360110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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