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Rodrigues JVM, Demachkia AM, da Silva de Assis RAS, Gomes MM, Campos TMB, Dapieve KS, Valandro LF, de Melo RM. Fatigue and failure mode analyses of glass infiltrated 5Y-PSZ bonded onto dentin analogues. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13262. [PMID: 38858417 PMCID: PMC11164944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fatigue survival of 5Y-PSZ zirconia infiltrated with an experimental glass and bonded onto dentin analogues. Disc-shaped specimens of a 5Y-PSZ (Katana UTML Kuraray Noritake) were cemented onto dentin analogs (NEMA G10) and divided into four groups (n = 15): Zctrl Group (control, without infiltration); Zglz Group (Glaze, compression surface); Zinf-comp Group (Experimental Glass, compression surface); Zinf-tens Group (Experimental Glass, tension surface). Surface treatments were varied. Cyclic fatigue loading, oblique transillumination, stereomicroscope examination, and scanning electron microscopy were performed. Fatigue data were analyzed (failure load and number of cycles) using survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier and Log-Rank Mantel-Cox). There was no statistically significant difference in fatigue survival between the Zglz, Zctrl, and Zinf-comp groups. The Zinf-tens group presented a significantly higher failure load when compared to the other groups and exhibited a different failure mode. The experimental glass effectively infiltrated the zirconia, enhancing structural reliability, altering the failure mode, and improving load-bearing capacity over more cycles, particularly in the group where the glass was infiltrated into the tensile surface of the zirconia. Glass infiltration into 5Y-PSZ zirconia significantly enhanced structural reliability and the ability to withstand loads over an increased number of cycles. This approach has the potential to increase the durability of zirconia restorations, reducing the need for replacements and save time and resources, promoting efficiency in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Vinicius Meireles Rodrigues
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Amir Mohidin Demachkia
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Rita Adriana Souza da Silva de Assis
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Marques Gomes
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Aeronautics Technological Institute (ITA), Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50, Vila das Acácias, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12228-900, Brazil
| | - Kiara Serafini Dapieve
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Cidade Universitária, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Marques de Melo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12245-000, Brazil
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Gali S, Gururaja S, Patel Z. Methodological approaches in graded dental ceramics. Dent Mater 2024; 40:e1-e13. [PMID: 38438282 PMCID: PMC7615955 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functionally graded materials (FGM) with indistinct boundaries potentially eliminate the damaging stresses occurring at the interfaces. FGM applications in dental ceramics have enhanced their fatigue resistance and interfacial toughness. OBJECTIVES This scoping review aims to map graded designs in dental ceramics, distinguish their methodological approaches with their material characteristics and properties, and understand the factors affecting the outcomes of each of the graded approaches. METHODS A systematic electronic search was performed with the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, and Google Scholar along with a manual search. RESULTS About 2675 articles were initially found from all the searches with no date restriction till July 2023. After rejecting duplicates and based on exclusion criteria, about 52 articles were included. SIGNIFICANCE Methodological approaches in grading such as glass-infiltration and silica-infiltration have been investigated on pre-sintered zirconia. The type of infiltration and the method of infiltrate application significantly influenced the phase transformation of zirconia, its microstructure, surface hardness, fracture toughness, flexural strength, wear, and fatigue strength of graded dental zirconia. Interlayers were accommodated between metal-ceramic and veneer-core all-ceramic layers. Fractions of zirconia-porcelain and alumina-porcelain showed high bending strength and better stress distribution. The results of finite element analysis studies predicted that using 10-layered graded layers reduced the stresses at the crown-cement-dentin interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Gali
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore 560054, India.
| | | | - Zulekha Patel
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore 560054, India
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Campos TMB, Dos Santos C, Alves LMM, Benalcazar-Jalkh EB, Strazzi-Sahyon HB, Bergamo ETP, Tebcherani SM, Witek L, Coelho PG, Yamaguchi S, Thim GP, Bonfante EA. Minimally processed recycled yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia for dental applications: Effect of sintering temperature on glass infiltration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 150:106311. [PMID: 38128470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a recycling process for the remnants of milled 3Y-TZP and enhance their properties using glass infiltration. 3Y-TZP powder was gathered from the vacuum system of CAD-CAM milling equipment, calcined and sieved (x < 75 μm). One hundred twenty discs were fabricated and pre-sintered at 1000 °C/h. These specimens were then divided into four groups, categorized by glass infiltration (non-infiltrated [Zr] or glass-infiltrated [Zr-G]) and sintering temperature (1450 °C [Zr-1450] or 1550 °C [Zr-1550]/2h). After sintering, the specimens were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), relative density measurement, and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The biaxial flexural strength test was performed according to the ISO 6872 and followed by fractographic analysis. Subsequent results were analyzed using Weibull statistics. Relative density values of the sintered specimens from Zr-1450 and Zr-1550 groups were 86.7 ± 1.5% and 92.2 ± 1.7%, respectively. Particle size distribution revealed particles within the range of 0.1-100 μm. XRD analysis highlighted the presence of the ZrO2-tetragonal in both the Zr-1450 and Zr-1550 groups. Glass infiltration, however, led to the formation of the ZrO2-monoclinic of 9.84% (Zr-1450-G) and 18.34% (Zr-1550-G). SEM micrographs demonstrated similar microstructural characteristics for Zr-1450 and Zr-1550, whereas the glass-infiltrated groups exhibited comparable infiltration patterns. The highest characteristic strength was observed in the glass-infiltrated groups. Fractographic analyses suggested that fracture origins were related to defects on the tensile side, which propagated to the compression side of the samples. Both the sintering temperature and glass infiltration significantly influenced the mechanical properties of the 3Y-TZP recycled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudinei Dos Santos
- Faculty of Technology, University of Rio de Janeiro State (UERJ - FAT), Resende, RJ, Brazil
| | - Larissa Marcia Martins Alves
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ernesto B Benalcazar-Jalkh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Edmara T P Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil; Biomaterials Division, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sérgio Mazurek Tebcherani
- Department of Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Lukasz Witek
- Biomaterials Division, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gilmar P Thim
- Department of Physics, Aeronautics Technological Institute, São José Dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Chokr H, Alshaarani F, Husein HA. Evaluation of the Marginal Fit of Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) Zirconia Bridges Fabricated With Different Firing Cycles of Veneering Porcelain: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e34842. [PMID: 36923172 PMCID: PMC10010574 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Zirconia provides adequate mechanical strength to be used as a framework for all ceramic prostheses. Such prostheses must be covered with suitable porcelain to obtain good aesthetic results. The aim To study the effect of the firing cycle numbers of veneering ceramics (one cycle, two cycles, and three cycles) on the marginal fit of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) zirconia bridges. Materials and methods The sample consisted of 30 full ceramic zirconia bridges, designed by CAD/CAM on a metal bridge model that was designed for this purpose. The sample was divided into three groups (N = 10); group A underwent a single firing cycle, group B underwent two cycles, and group C underwent three cycles. The copper model of the bridge was prepared to be a three-unit bridge, and the impressions of the metal models were taken to make zirconia cores. After that, the veneering ceramic layer and the micro-marginal gap were measured (in microns) on both the buccal and lingual surfaces of each bridge in the sample using the replica technique. A one-way ANOVA test was used to detect statistically significant differences between the groups. Results There were no significant differences between the studied groups in binary comparison; however, the arithmetic mean values of the marginal gap in group C were greater than all the studied groups. Conclusion Within the limitations of the current work, we found that increasing the number of firing cycles of zirconia cores affects the marginal fit; thus, it is recommended to follow the two firing cycle protocol for better adaptation of the CAD/CAM zirconia bridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawraa Chokr
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Fendi Alshaarani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
| | - Hassan A Husein
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR
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Bonfante EA, Calamita M, Bergamo ETP. Indirect restorative systems-A narrative review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:84-104. [PMID: 36688803 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The background and clinical understanding of the properties of currently available indirect restorative systems and fabrication methods is, along with manufacturer and evidence-based literature, an important starting point to guide the clinical selection of materials for tooth and/or implant supported reconstructions. Therefore, this review explores most indirect restorative systems available in the market, especially all-ceramic, along with aspects of manufacturing process, clinical survival rates, and esthetic outcomes. OVERVIEW Progressive incorporation of new technologies in the dental field and advancements in materials science have enabled the development/improvement of indirect restorative systems and treatment concepts in oral rehabilitation, resulting in reliable and predictable workflows and successful esthetic and functional outcomes. Indirect restorative systems have evolved from metal ceramics and polymers to glass ceramics, polycrystalline ceramics, and resin-matrix ceramics, aiming to improve not only biological and mechanical properties, but especially the optical properties and esthetic quality of the reconstructions, in attempt to mimic natural teeth. CONCLUSIONS Based on several clinical research, materials, and patient-related parameters, a decision tree for the selection of indirect restorative materials was suggested to guide clinicians in the rehabilitation process. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The pace of materials development is faster than that of clinical research aimed to support their use. Since no single material provides an ideal solution to every case, professionals must continuously seek information from well designed, long-term clinical trials in order to incorporate or not new materials and technological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Calamita
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences at the University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Edmara T P Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Bauru School of Dentistry - University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Alves LMM, Rodrigues CDS, Ramos NDC, Buizastrow J, Campos TMB, Bottino MA, Zhang Y, Melo RMD. Silica infiltration on translucent zirconia restorations: Effects on the antagonist wear and survivability. Dent Mater 2022; 38:2084-2095. [PMID: 36446649 PMCID: PMC9928576 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess potential antagonist wear and survival probability of silica-infiltrated zirconia compared to glass-graded, glazed, and polished zirconia. METHODS Table top restorations made of 3Y-TZP (3Y), 5Y-PSZ (5Y), and lithium disilicate (LD) were bonded onto epoxy resin preparations. Each zirconia was divided into five groups according to the surface treatment: polishing; glaze; polishing-glaze; glass infiltration; and silica infiltration. The LD restorations received a glaze layer. Specimens were subjected to sliding fatigue wear using a steatite antagonist (1.25 ×106 cycles, 200 N). The presence of cracks, fractures, and/or debonding was checked every one/third of the total number of cycles was completed. Roughness, microstructural, Scanning electron microscopy, wear and residual stress analyses were conducted. Kaplan-Meier, Mantel-Cox (log-rank) and ANOVA tests were performed for statistical analyses. RESULTS The survival probability was different among the groups. Silica infiltration and polishing-glaze led to lower volume loss than glaze and glass-infiltration. Difference was observed for roughness among the zirconia and surface treatment, while lithium disilicate presented similar roughness compared to both glazed zirconia. Scanning electron microscopy revealed the removal of the surface treatment after sliding fatigue wear in all groups. Compressive stress was detected on 3Y surfaces, while tensile stress was observed on 5Y. SIGNIFICANCE 3Y and 5Y zirconia behaved similarly regarding antagonist wear, presenting higher antagonist wear than the glass ceramic. Silica-infiltrated and polished-glazed zirconia produced lower antagonist volume loss than glazed and glass-infiltrated zirconia. Silica-infiltrated 3Y and lithium disilicate restorations were the only groups to show survival probabilities lower than 85%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Marcia Martins Alves
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil; Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Ave., New York, NY 10010, United States
| | - Camila da Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil; Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Ave., New York, NY 10010, United States
| | - Nathalia de Carvalho Ramos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeff Buizastrow
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 433 1st Ave., New York, NY 10010, United States
| | - Tiago Moreira Bastos Campos
- Department of Physics, Aeronautics Technological Institute (ITA), Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, 50, 12228-900 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Bottino
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, United States
| | - Renata Marques de Melo
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo, 777, Jardim São Dimas, 12245-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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