1
|
Liang C, Meng F, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Luo L, Li H, Tu X, He F, Luo Z, Wang Q, Zhang J. In vivo quantitative characterization of nano adjuvant transport in the tracheal layer by photoacoustic imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3962-3974. [PMID: 38867767 PMCID: PMC11166438 DOI: 10.1364/boe.527912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants are indispensable ingredients in vaccine formulations. Evaluating the in vivo transport processes of adjuvants, particularly for inhalation formulations, presents substantial challenges. In this study, a nanosized adjuvant aluminum hydroxide (AlOOH) was synthesized and labeled with indocyanine green (ICG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) to achieve strong optical absorption ability and high biocompatibility. The adjuvant nanomaterials (BSA@ICG@AlOOH, BIA) were delivered as an aerosol into the airways of mice, its distribution was monitored using photoacoustic imaging (PAI) in vivo. PAI results illustrated the gradual cross-layer transmission process of BIA in the tracheal layer, traversing approximately 250 µm from the inner layer of the trachea to the outer layer. The results were consistent with pathology. While the intensity of the BIA reduced by approximately 46.8% throughout the transport process. The ability of PAI for quantitatively characterized the dynamic transport process of adjuvant within the tracheal layer may be widely used in new vaccine development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohao Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Meng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiqing Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinbo Tu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengbing He
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijia Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ayyalasomayajula V, Ervik Ø, Sorger H, Skallerud B. Macro-indentation testing of soft biological materials and assessment of hyper-elastic material models from inverse finite element analysis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 151:106389. [PMID: 38211503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical characterization of hydrogels and ultra-soft tissues is a challenging task both from an experimental and material parameter estimation perspective because they are much softer than many biological materials, ceramics, or polymers. The elastic modulus of such materials is within the 1 - 100 kPa range, behaving as a hyperelastic solid with strain hardening capability at large strains. In the current study, indentation experiments have been performed on agarose hydrogels, bovine liver, and bovine lymph node specimens. This work reports on the reliable determination of the elastic modulus by indentation experiments carried out at the macro-scale (mm) using a spherical indenter. However, parameter identification of the hyperelastic material properties usually requires an inverse finite element analysis due to the lack of an analytical contact model of the indentation test. Hence a comprehensive study on the spherical indentation of hyperelastic soft materials is carried out through robust computational analysis. Neo-Hookean and first-order Ogden hyperelastic material models were found to be most suitable. A case study on known anisotropic hyperelastic material showed the inability of the inverse finite element method to uniquely identify the whole material parameter set.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Ayyalasomayajula
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7052, Norway.
| | - Øyvind Ervik
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7052, Norway; Clinic of medicine, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, 7600, Norway
| | - Hanne Sorger
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7052, Norway; Clinic of medicine, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger Hospital, Levanger, 7600, Norway
| | - Bjørn Skallerud
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7052, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sadeghinia MJ, Aguilera HM, Holzapfel GA, Urheim S, Persson RM, Ellensen VS, Haaverstad R, Skallerud B, Prot V. Mechanical Behavior and Collagen Structure of Degenerative Mitral Valve Leaflets and a Finite Element Model of Primary Mitral Regurgitation. Acta Biomater 2023; 164:269-281. [PMID: 37003496 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative mitral valve disease is the main cause of primary mitral regurgitation with two phenotypes: fibroelastic deficiency (FED) often with localized myxomatous degeneration and diffuse myxomatous degeneration or Barlow's disease. Myxomatous degeneration disrupts the microstructure of the mitral valve leaflets, particularly the collagen fibers, which affects the mechanical behavior of the leaflets. The present study uses biaxial mechanical tests and second harmonic generation microscopy to examine the mechanical behavior of Barlow and FED tissue. Three tissue samples were harvested from a FED patient and one sample is from a Barlow patient. Then we use an appropriate constitutive model by excluding the collagen fibers under compression. Finally, we built an FE model based on the echocardiography of patients diagnosed with FED and Barlow and the characterized material model and collagen fiber orientation. The Barlow sample and the FED sample from the most affected segment showed different mechanical behavior and collagen structure compared to the other two FED samples. The FE model showed very good agreement with echocardiography with 2.02±1.8 mm and 1.05±0.79 mm point-to-mesh distance errors for Barlow and FED patients, respectively. It has also been shown that the exclusion of collagen fibers under compression provides versatility for the material model; it behaves stiff in the belly region, preventing excessive bulging, while it behaves very softly in the commissures to facilitate folding. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Sadeghinia
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Hans Martin Aguilera
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gerhard A Holzapfel
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Austria
| | - Stig Urheim
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Heart Disease, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert Matongo Persson
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Heart Disease, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Rune Haaverstad
- Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Heart Disease, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørn Skallerud
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Victorien Prot
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|