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Park S, Rahaman KA, Kim YC, Jeon H, Han HS. Fostering tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to treat musculoskeletal disorders in bone and muscle. Bioact Mater 2024; 40:345-365. [PMID: 38978804 PMCID: PMC11228556 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The musculoskeletal system, which is vital for movement, support, and protection, can be impaired by disorders such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and muscular dystrophy. This review focuses on the advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, specifically aimed at alleviating these disorders. It explores the roles of cell therapy, particularly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs), biomaterials, and biomolecules/external stimulations in fostering bone and muscle regeneration. The current research underscores the potential of MSCs and ADSCs despite the persistent challenges of cell scarcity, inconsistent outcomes, and safety concerns. Moreover, integrating exogenous materials such as scaffolds and external stimuli like electrical stimulation and growth factors shows promise in enhancing musculoskeletal regeneration. This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive studies and adopting innovative techniques together to refine and advance these multi-therapeutic strategies, ultimately benefiting patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Park
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Khandoker Asiqur Rahaman
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Chan Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeon
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Seop Han
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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Diaa AA, El-Mahallawy N, Shoeib M, Mouillard F, Ferté T, Masson P, Carradò A. Biodegradable PMMA coated Zn-Mg alloy with bimodal grain structure for orthopedic applications - A promising alternative. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:479-491. [PMID: 38883318 PMCID: PMC11179251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The study examines the impact of microstructure and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) grafting on the degradability of Zn-Mg alloys. The mechanical properties of a Zn alloy containing 0.68 wt% Mg and extruded at 200 °C are enhanced for degradable load-bearing applications, addressing a crucial need in the field. The material exhibits a bimodal grain size distribution that is random texture, consisting of secondary phases, grains, and sub-grains. With an elongation to failure of 16 %, the yield and ultimate tensile strengths are 325.9 and 414.5 MPa, respectively, and the compressive yield strength is 450.5 MPa. The "grafting-from" method was used to coat a few micrometers thick of PMMA on both bulk and scaffold Zn alloys to mitigate the corrosion rate. The last one is a porous structure, with a porosity of 65.8 %, considered as in the first approach of an orthopedic implant. After being immersed for 720 h, the PMMA-grafted bulk alloy's corrosion rate decreased from 0.43 to 0.25 mm/y. Similarly, the scaffold alloy's corrosion rate reduced from 1.24 to 0.49 mm/y. These results indicate that the method employed could be used for future orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia A Diaa
- Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
- Department of Design and Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Nahed El-Mahallawy
- Design and Production Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11517, Egypt
- Department of Design and Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Madiha Shoeib
- Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, El Tebbin, Cairo, 11722, Egypt
| | - Flavien Mouillard
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tom Ferté
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Masson
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Adele Carradò
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, IPCMS, UMR 7504 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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Sugumaran V, Pavithra AJ, Purushothaman B, Subramanian B. Crucial Chemical Revelations in 45S5 Bioactive Glass via Sequential Precursor Integration Order. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1600-1620. [PMID: 38349355 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Among the wet chemical nanoparticle fabrication techniques, the sol-gel process happens through hydrolysis and subsequent polycondensation reactions. The bioactive glass known as the 45S5 SiO2-Na2O-CaO-P2O5 quaternary system has intricate chemistry, yet its advantages benefit the biomedical field on an enormous scale. The order in which the ethanol and TEOS inclusions are exchanged was investigated in this work because it has a direct impact on the early hydrolysis process. Another strategy involves adding phosphate species to the sol before gelation, modifying the network chemistry, and interpreting the findings. Adding phosphate species before gelation in the biomaterial (E-Si-P) resulted in the formation of hydroxyapatite and other calcium silicate phases at 800 °C. Swapping ethanol and TEOS biomaterials (E-Si and Si-E) resulted in the sodium-calcium silicate phase only. Si-E with strong Si-O-Si siloxane rings demonstrated superior mechanical stability, hemocompatibility, and bioactivity. This compact Si-O-Si decreased the surface area of Si-E. XPS spectra revealed that E-Si-P has the lowest Na 1s binding energy (BE) and the highest BE for Si 2p. More Si-O-/Si-OH groups formed by E-Si make the network weak and decrease the surface area and protein adsorption. These differences significantly influenced the morphology, surface properties, mechanical studies, and compatibility test. This study has further unraveled the protocol to design a biomaterial with mechanical stability and load-bearing ability. In addition, the appropriate protocol to yield the desired property-rich biomaterial with preserved bioactivity, mechanical stability, cytocompatibility, as well and surface porosity has been elaborated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakumari Sugumaran
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600025, India
| | - A J Pavithra
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600025, India
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamilnadu 603103, India
| | - Bargavi Purushothaman
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600025, India
- Department of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600077, India
| | - Balakumar Subramanian
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600025, India
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Ramanathan S, Lin YC, Thirumurugan S, Hu CC, Duann YF, Chung RJ. Poly(methyl methacrylate) in Orthopedics: Strategies, Challenges, and Prospects in Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:367. [PMID: 38337256 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is widely used in orthopedic applications, including bone cement in total joint replacement surgery, bone fillers, and bone substitutes due to its affordability, biocompatibility, and processability. However, the bone regeneration efficiency of PMMA is limited because of its lack of bioactivity, poor osseointegration, and non-degradability. The use of bone cement also has disadvantages such as methyl methacrylate (MMA) release and high exothermic temperature during the polymerization of PMMA, which can cause thermal necrosis. To address these problems, various strategies have been adopted, such as surface modification techniques and the incorporation of various bioactive agents and biopolymers into PMMA. In this review, the physicochemical properties and synthesis methods of PMMA are discussed, with a special focus on the utilization of various PMMA composites in bone tissue engineering. Additionally, the challenges involved in incorporating PMMA into regenerative medicine are discussed with suitable research findings with the intention of providing insightful advice to support its successful clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susaritha Ramanathan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Senthilkumar Thirumurugan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Hu
- Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linko, Taoyuan City 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Fang Duann
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Jei Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
- High-Value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
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Chen L, Zhang S, Zhang B, Liang Q, Luo D, Yu X, Yao B, Zhao K, Yang Z, Tang Y, Wu Z. Study on the poly(methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid)/calcium phosphate cement composite bound by chelation with enhanced water absorption and biomechanical properties. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 147:106149. [PMID: 37782989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement has been widely used as a critical material for fixing prostheses and filling bone defects. The shrinkage of PMMA bone cement was addressed by the additives, however, the uneven integral water absorption and expansion performance as well as the deteriorated mechanical properties of the modified bone cement after immersion in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and simulation body fluid (SBF) affected the long-term stability after implantation. Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a biomaterial with promising applications in orthopedics, whose hydration reaction provides an important driving force for the transfer of water. Besides, the mechanical properties of CPC can be enhanced with the curing process. In this study, CPC was utilized to modify the poly(methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid) [P(MMA-AA)] bone cement. The results demonstrated the successful construction of interconnected CPC water delivery networks in the P(MMA-AA)/CPC composite, the water absorption ratio and expansion ratio of the composite were up to 131.18 ± 9.14% and 168.19 ± 5.44%, respectively. Meanwhile, the transformation of CPC water delivery networks into rigid mechanical support networks as well as the chelation interaction between organic-inorganic enhanced the mechanical properties of the composite after immersion, the compressive strength after immersion reached 62.97 ± 0.97 MPa, which was 27.65% higher than that before immersion. The degradation ratio of the composite was up to 13.76 ± 0.23% after 9 days of immersion, which was 16.4% higher than that of CPC. Furthermore, composites exhibited superior biocompatibility as the release of Ca2+. Therefore, P(MMA-AA)/CPC composite serves as a promising medical filling material for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710054, PR China; Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Corrosion and Protection, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China
| | - Shitong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China
| | - Qian Liang
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710054, PR China
| | - Dong Luo
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710054, PR China
| | - Xiaojiao Yu
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710054, PR China
| | - Binghua Yao
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710054, PR China
| | - Kang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China; Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Corrosion and Protection, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xi'jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China.
| | - Yufei Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China; Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Corrosion and Protection, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, PR China.
| | - Zixiang Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xi'jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, PR China.
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