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Lanrewaju AA, Enitan-Folami AM, Nyaga MM, Sabiu S, Swalaha FM. Metabolites profiling and cheminformatics bioprospection of selected medicinal plants against the main protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:6740-6760. [PMID: 37464870 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2236718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of some vaccines, SARS-CoV-2 (S-2) infections persist for various reasons relating to vaccine reluctance, rapid mutation rate, and an absence of specific treatments targeted to the infection. Due to their availability, low cost and low toxicity, research into potentially repurposing phytometabolites as therapeutic alternatives has gained attention. Therefore, this study explored the antiviral potential of metabolites of some medicinal plants [Spondias mombin, Macaranga barteri and Dicerocaryum eriocarpum (Sesame plant)] identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) as possible inhibitory agents against the S-2 main protease (S-2 MP) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RP) using computational approaches. Molecular docking was used to identify the compounds with the best affinities for the selected therapeutics targets. Afterwards, compounds with poor physicochemical characteristics, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness were screened out. The top-ranked compounds were further subjected to a 120-ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Only quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside (-48.77 kcal/mol) had higher binding free energy than the reference standard (zafirlukast) (-44.99 kcal/mol) against S-2 MP. Conversely, all the top-ranked compounds (ellagic acid hexoside, spiraeoside, apigenin-4'-glucoside and chrysoeriol 7-glucuronide) except gnetin L (-24.24 kcal/mol) had higher binding free energy (-55.19 kcal/mol, -52.75 kcal/mol, -47.22 kcal/mol and -43.35 kcal/mol) respectively, against S-2 RP relative to the reference standard (-34.79 kcal/mol). The MD simulations study further revealed that the investigated inhibitors are thermodynamically stable and form structurally compatible complexes that impede the regular operation of the respective S-2 therapeutic targets. Although, these S-2 therapeutic candidates are promising, further in vitro and in vivo evaluation is required and highly recommended.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adedayo Ayodeji Lanrewaju
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Martin M Nyaga
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit and Division of Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Feroz Mahomed Swalaha
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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2
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Shode FO, Idowu ASK, Uhomoibhi OJ, Sabiu S. Repurposing drugs and identification of inhibitors of integral proteins (spike protein and main protease) of SARS-CoV-2. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:6587-6602. [PMID: 33590806 PMCID: PMC7898306 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1886993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has prompted the World Health Organisation (WHO) to declare the outbreak, a Public Health Emergency of International concern. As part of the efforts to discover lead compounds for clinical use, 53 molecules were screened using molecular docking and dynamic simulations (MDS) techniques to identify potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (COVID-19 Sgp) and main protease (COVID-19 Mpro) or both. Lopinavir (LPV), nelfinavir (NEF), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), remdesivir (RDV) and an irreversible inhibitor of SARS-CoV (N3) were used as standard drugs for COVID-19 Mpro, while zafirlukast (ZFK) and cefoperazone (CSP)) as standard drugs for COVID-19 Sgp. After 100 ns of MDS, with reference to standard drugs (N3, -52.463 Kcal/mol, NEF, -51.618 Kcal/mol, RDV, -48.780 Kcal/mol, LPV, -46.788 Kcal/mol, DRV, -33.655 Kcal/mol and HCQ, -21.065 Kcal/mol), five molecules, HCR, GRN, C3G, EGCG, and K7G were predicted to be promising inhibitors of COVID-19 Mpro with binding energies of -53.877 kcal/mol, -50.653 Kcal/mol, -48.600 kcal/mol, -47.798 kcal/mol and -46.902 kcal/mol, respectively. These lead molecules were then docked at receptor-binding domain (RBD) of COVID-19 Sgp to examine their inhibitory effects. C3G, GRN and K7G exhibited higher binding energies of -42.310 kcal/mol, -32.210 kcal/mol, -26.922 kcal/mol than the recorded values for the reference drugs (CSP, -35.509 kcal/mol, ZFK, -24.242 kcal/mol), respectively. The results of the binding energy and structural analyses from this study revealed that C3G, GRN and K7G could serve as potential dual inhibitors of COVID-19 Sgp and COVID-19 Mpro, while HCR and EGCG would be inhibitors of COVID-19 Mpro.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. O. Shode
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa
| | - A. S. K. Idowu
- KwaZulu-Natal Research, Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP)/Genomics Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - O. J. Uhomoibhi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa
- Department of Family Medicine, Prince Mshiyeni Memorial Hospital, Umlazi, South Africa
| | - S. Sabiu
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa
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Guo H, Xie J, Liao T, Tuo X. Exploring the binding mode of donepezil with calf thymus DNA using spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 36:35-44. [PMID: 32614132 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Donepezil (DNP) is one of approved drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the potential effect of DNP on DNA is still unclear. Therefore, the interaction of DNP with calf thymus DNA (DNA) was studied in vitro using spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. Steady-state and transient fluorescence experiments showed that there was a clear binding interaction between DNP and DNA, resulting from DNP fluorescence being quenched using DNA. DNP and DNA have one binding site between them, and the binding constant (Kb ) was 0.78 × 104 L·mol-1 at 298 K. In this binding process, hydrophobic force was the main interaction force, because enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) of DNP-DNA were 67.92 kJ·mol-1 and 302.96 J·mol-1 ·K-1 , respectively. DNP bound to DNA in a groove-binding mode, which was verified using a competition displacement study and other typical spectroscopic methods. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum results showed that DNP interacted with guanine (G) and cytosine (C) bases of DNA. The molecular docking results further supported the results of spectroscopic experiments, and suggested that both Pi-Sigma force and Pi-Alkyl force were the major hydrophobic force functioning between DNP and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiawen Xie
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tancong Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xun Tuo
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Post SJ, Keohane CE, Rossiter LM, Kaplan AR, Khowsathit J, Matuska K, Karanicolas J, Wuest WM. Target-Based Design of Promysalin Analogues Identifies a New Putative Binding Cleft in Succinate Dehydrogenase. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:1372-1377. [PMID: 32286041 PMCID: PMC7293565 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Promysalin is a small-molecule natural product that specifically inhibits growth of the Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). This activity holds promise in the treatment of multidrug resistant infections found in immunocompromised patients with chronic illnesses, such as cystic fibrosis. In 2015, our lab completed the first total synthesis; subsequent analogue design and SAR investigation enabled identification of succinate dehydrogenase (Sdh) as the biological target in PA. Herein, we report the target-guided design of new promysalin analogues with varying alkyl chains, one of which is on par with our most potent analogue to date. Computational docking revealed that some analogues have a different orientation in the Sdh binding pocket, placing the terminal carbon proximal to a tryptophan residue. This inspired the design of an extended side chain analogue bearing a terminal phenyl moiety, providing a basis for the design of future analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah J Post
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Colleen E Keohane
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Lauren M Rossiter
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Anna R Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jittasak Khowsathit
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, United States
| | - Katie Matuska
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John Karanicolas
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, United States
| | - William M Wuest
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Khusro A, Aarti C, Salem AZ, Pliego AB, Rivas-Caceres RR. Methyl-coenzyme M Reductase (MCR) Receptor as Potential Drug Target for Inhibiting Methanogenesis in Horses Using Moringa oleifera L.: An in Silico Docking Study. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 88:102949. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chang CW, Cheng MC, Lee GH, Peng SM. Facile synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles by reacting a ruthenium acetylide complex with trimethylsilyl azide. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11732-11742. [PMID: 31298242 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of [Ru]-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]CPh (1, [Ru] = (η5-C5H5)(dppe)Ru, dppe = Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2) with trimethylsilyl azide afforded the cationic nitrile complex {[Ru]NCCH2Ph}[N3] (2) and the further cycloaddition of 2 with trimethylsilyl azide at 60 °C afforded the N(2)-bound tetrazolato complex [Ru]N4CCH2Ph (3). The regiospecific alkylation of 3 gave a series of cationic N(2)-bound N(4)-alkylated-5-benzyl tetrazolato complexes {[Ru]N4(CH2R)CCH2Ph}[Br] (4a, R = C6F5; 4b, R = Ph; 4c, R = 4-CN-C6H4; 4d, R = 2,6-F2-C6H3; 4e, R = 6-CH2Br-C5NH3) and the subsequent cleavage of the Ru-N bond of 4a-4e gave N(1)-alkylated-5-benzyl tetrazoles N4(CH2R)CCH2Ph (5a-5e) in good to excellent yields and [Ru]-Br, which, on reacting with phenylacetylene, resulted in the formation of 1 thus forming a reaction cycle. The structures of 2, 3, 4a, 4c and 5a were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wan Chang
- Division of Preparatory Programs for Overseas Chinese Students, National Taiwan Normal University, New Taipei City 24449, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chuan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan and Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan and Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Girek M, Kłosiński K, Grobelski B, Pizzimenti S, Cucci MA, Daga M, Barrera G, Pasieka Z, Czarnecka K, Szymański P. Novel tetrahydroacridine derivatives with iodobenzoic moieties induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 non-small lung cancer and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 460:123-150. [PMID: 31313023 PMCID: PMC6745035 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03576-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of nine tetrahydroacridine derivatives with iodobenzoic moiety were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines—A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma), HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) and somatic cell line—EA.hy926 (human umbilical vein cell line). All compounds displayed high cytotoxicity activity against A549 (IC50 59.12–14.87 µM) and HT-29 (IC50 17.32–5.90 µM) cell lines, higher than control agents—etoposide and 5-fluorouracil. Structure–activity relationship showed that the position of iodine in the substituent in the para position and longer linker most strongly enhanced the cytotoxic effect. Among derivatives, 1i turned out to be the most cytotoxic and displayed IC50 values of 14.87 µM against A549 and 5.90 µM against HT-29 cell lines. In hyaluronidase inhibition assay, all compounds presented anti-inflammatory activity, however, slightly lower than reference compound. ADMET prediction showed that almost all compounds had good pharmacokinetic profiles. 1b, 1c and 1f compounds turned out to act against chemoresistance in cisplatin-resistant 253J B-V cells. Compounds intercalated into DNA and inhibited cell cycle in G0/G1 phase—the strongest inhibition was observed for 1i in A549 and 1c in HT-29. Among compounds, the highest apoptotic effect in both cell lines was observed after treatment with 1i. Compounds caused DNA damage and H2AX phosphorylation, which was detected in A549 and HT-29 cells. All research confirmed anticancer properties of novel tetrahydroacridine derivatives and explained a few pathways of their mechanism of cytotoxic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Girek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland
| | - Karol Kłosiński
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Pabianicka 62, 93-513, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Grobelski
- Animal House, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Marie Angele Cucci
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Daga
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Barrera
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Zbigniew Pasieka
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Pabianicka 62, 93-513, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kamila Czarnecka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Szymański
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analyses and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151, Lodz, Poland.
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de Oliveira MS, da Cruz JN, Gomes Silva S, da Costa WA, de Sousa SHB, Bezerra FWF, Teixeira E, da Silva NJN, de Aguiar Andrade EH, de Jesus Chaves Neto AM, de Carvalho RN. Phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and interaction mechanism of the major components of the Piper divaricatum essential oil obtained by supercritical CO2. J Supercrit Fluids 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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9
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Baheti K, Kale M. Methodologies Related to Computational Models in View of Developing Anti-Alzheimer Drugs: An Overview. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2018; 16:66-73. [PMID: 29663890 DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180417120833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the last two decades, there has been more focus on the development strategies related to Anti-Alzheimer's drug research. This may be attributed to the fact that most of the Alzheimer's cases are still mostly unknown except for a few cases, where genetic differences have been identified. With the progress of the disease, the symptoms involve intellectual deterioration, memory impairment, abnormal personality and behavioural patterns, confusion, aggression, mood swings, irritability Current therapies available for this disease give only symptomatic relief and do not focus on manipulations of biololecular processes. METHODS Nearly all the therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease, target to change the amyloid cascade which is considered to be important in AD pathogenesis. New drug regimens are not able to keep pace with the ever-increasing understanding about dementia at the molecular level. Looking into these aggravated problems, we thought to put forth molecular modeling as a drug discovery approach for developing novel drugs to treat Alzheimer disease. The disease is incurable and it gets worst as it advances and finally causes death. Due to this, the design of drugs to treat this disease has become an utmost priority for research. One of the most important emerging technologies applied for this has been Computer-assisted drug design (CADD). It is a research tool that employs large-scale computing strategies in an attempt to develop a model receptor site which can be used for designing of an anti-Alzheimer drug. RESULTS Various models of amyloid-based calcium channels have been computationally optimized. Docking and De novo evolution are used to design the compounds. They are further subjected to absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) studies to finally bring about active compounds that are able to cross BBB. Many novel compounds have been designed which might be promising ones for the treatment of AD. CONCLUSION The present review describes the research carried out on various heterocyclic scaffolds that can serve as lead compounds to design Anti-Alzheimer's drugs in the future. The molecular modeling methods can thus become a better alternative for the discovery of newer Anti- Alzheimer agents. This methodology is extremely useful to design drugs in minimum time with enhanced activity keeping balanced ethical considerations. Thus, the researchers are opting for this improved process over the conventional methods hoping to achieve a sure shot way out for the sufferings of people affected by Alzheimer besides other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirtee Baheti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad-431005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mayura Kale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad-431005, Maharashtra, India
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Das A. Synthesis, X-ray crystallographic studies, DFT calculations and nanostructural features of annulated imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1381882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Das
- University College of Science, Technology and Agriculture, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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Chierrito TPC, Pedersoli-Mantoani S, Roca C, Requena C, Sebastian-Perez V, Castillo WO, Moreira NCS, Pérez C, Sakamoto-Hojo ET, Takahashi CS, Jiménez-Barbero J, Cañada FJ, Campillo NE, Martinez A, Carvalho I. From dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors to allosteric modulators: A new avenue for disease-modifying drugs in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:773-791. [PMID: 28863358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The lack of an effective treatment for Alzheimer' disease (AD), an increasing prevalence and severe neurodegenerative pathology boost medicinal chemists to look for new drugs. Currently, only acethylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and glutamate antagonist have been approved to the palliative treatment of AD. Although they have a short-term symptomatic benefits, their clinical use have revealed important non-cholinergic functions for AChE such its chaperone role in beta-amyloid toxicity. We propose here the design, synthesis and evaluation of non-toxic dual binding site AChEIs by hybridization of indanone and quinoline heterocyclic scaffolds. Unexpectely, we have found a potent allosteric modulator of AChE able to target cholinergic and non-cholinergic functions by fixing a specific AChE conformation, confirmed by STD-NMR and molecular modeling studies. Furthermore the promising biological data obtained on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell assays for the new allosteric hybrid 14, led us to propose it as a valuable pharmacological tool for the study of non-cholinergic functions of AChE, and as a new important lead for novel disease modifying agents against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita P C Chierrito
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Susimaire Pedersoli-Mantoani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roca
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Requena
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Sebastian-Perez
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Willian O Castillo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia C S Moreira
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Concepción Pérez
- Instituto de Química Médica (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elza T Sakamoto-Hojo
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Catarina S Takahashi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIC BioGUNE, Parque Tecnologico de Bizkaia, Edif. 801A, 48160, Derio-Bizkaia, Bilbao, Spain
| | - F Javier Cañada
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria E Campillo
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Martinez
- IPSBB Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ivone Carvalho
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida do Café, s/n, 14040-903, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Mohan CG, Gupta S. QSAR Models towards Cholinesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Oncology 2017. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0549-5.ch022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurological syndrome with the combination of aging, genetic, and environmental factors triggering the pathological decline. Interestingly, the importance of the Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme has increased due to its involvement in the ß-amyloid peptide fibril formation during AD pathogenesis. In silico technique, QSAR has proven its usefulness in pharmaceutical research for the design/optimization of new chemical entities. Further, QSAR method advanced the scope of rational drug design and the search for the mechanism of drug action. It is a well-established fact that the chemical and pharmaceutical effects of a compound are closely related to its physico-chemical properties, which can be calculated by various methods from the compound structure. This chapter focuses on different Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies carried out for a variety of cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of AD. These predictive models will be potentially used for further designing better and safer drugs against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Gopi Mohan
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, India
| | - Shikhar Gupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, India
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Ferreira Neto DC, de Souza Ferreira M, da Conceição Petronilho E, Alencar Lima J, Oliveira Francisco de Azeredo S, de Oliveira Carneiro Brum J, Jorge do Nascimento C, Figueroa Villar JD. A new guanylhydrazone derivative as a potential acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease: synthesis, molecular docking, biological evaluation and kinetic studies by nuclear magnetic resonance. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04180b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular docking, in silico studies and NMR show that the new guanylhydrazone is a promising compound for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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14
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Tip-loaded dissolving microneedles for transdermal delivery of donepezil hydrochloride for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 105:148-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Mongkol W, Arunyawat U, Surat W, Kubera A. Active Compounds Against Anopheles minimus Carboxypeptidase B for Malaria Transmission-Blocking Strategy. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2015; 52:1322-1332. [PMID: 26352934 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Malaria transmission-blocking compounds have been studied to block the transmission of malaria parasites, especially the drug-resistant Plasmodium. Carboxypeptidase B (CPB) in the midgut of Anopheline mosquitoes has been demonstrated to be essential for the sexual development of Plasmodium in the mosquito. Thus, the CPB is a potential target for blocking compounds. The aim of this research was to screen compounds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) diversity dataset and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs that could reduce the Anopheles CPB activity. The cDNA fragment of cpb gene from An. minimus (cpbAmi) was amplified and sequenced. The three-dimensional structure of CPB was predicted from the deduced amino acid sequence. The virtual screening of the compounds from NCI diversity set IV and FDA-approved drugs was performed against CPBAmi. The inhibition activity against CPBAmi of the top-scoring molecules was characterized in vitro. Three compounds-NSC-1014, NSC-332670, and aminopterin with IC50 at 0.99 mM, 1.55 mM, and 0.062 mM, respectively-were found to significantly reduce the CPBAmi activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharakorn Mongkol
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Uraiwan Arunyawat
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Centre for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Wunrada Surat
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Centre for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Anchanee Kubera
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Centre for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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16
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Yar M, Arshad M, Farooq A, Gilani MA, Ayub K, Ejaz A, Kumar A, Ninomiya I. Synthesis and DPPH scavenging assay of reserpine analogues, computational studies and in silico docking studies in AChE and BChE responsible for Alzheimer's disease. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502015000100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fast growing neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system and anti-oxidants can be used to help suppress the oxidative stress caused by the free radicals that are responsible for AD. A series of selected synthetic indole derivatives were biologically evaluated to identify potent new antioxidants. Most of the evaluated compounds showed significant to modest antioxidant properties (IC50 value 399.07 140.0±50 µM). Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies were carried out on the compounds and their corresponding free radicals. Differences in the energy of the parent compounds and their corresponding free radicals provided a good justification for the trend found in their IC50 values. In silico, docking of compounds into the proteins acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which are well known for contributing in AD disease, was also performed to predict anti-AD potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yar
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan
| | | | - Ariba Farooq
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan
| | | | - Khurshid Ayub
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan; King Faisal University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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17
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Bulut E, Şanli O. Optimization of Release Conditions of Alzheimer's Drug Donepezil Hydrochloride from Sodium Alginate/Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Blend Microspheres. J MACROMOL SCI B 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2013.874310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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18
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Fu Z, Li X, Miao Y, Merz KM. Conformational analysis and parallel QM/MM X-ray refinement of protein bound anti-Alzheimer drug donepezil. J Chem Theory Comput 2013; 9:1686-1693. [PMID: 23526889 PMCID: PMC3601759 DOI: 10.1021/ct300957x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The recognition and association of donepezil with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been extensively studied in the past several decades because of the former's use as a palliative treatment for mild Alzheimer disease. Herein we examine the conformational properties of donepezil and we re-examine the donepezil-AChE crystal structure using combined quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) X-ray refinement tools. Donepezil's conformational energy surface was explored using the M06 suite of density functionals and with the MP2/complete basis set (CBS) method using the aug-cc-pVXZ (X = D and T) basis sets. The donepezil-AChE complex (PDB 1EVE) was also re-refined through a parallel QM/MM X-ray refinement approach based on an in-house ab initio code QUICK, which uses the message passing interface (MPI) in a distributed SCF algorithm to accelerate the calculation via parallelization. In the QM/MM re-refined donepezil structure, coordinate errors that previously existed in the PDB deposited geometry were improved leading to an improvement of the modeling of the interaction between donepezil and the aromatic side chains located in the AChE active site gorge. As a result of the re-refinement there was a 93% reduction in the donepezil conformational strain energy versus the original PDB structure. The results of the present effort offer further detailed structural and biochemical inhibitor-AChE information for the continued development of more effective and palliative treatments of Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Fu
- Department of Chemistry and the Quantum Theory Project, 2328 New Physics Building, P.O. Box 118435, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611-8435
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19
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βTrCP interacts with the ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis motif of the GH receptor in an unconventional manner. Biochem J 2013; 453:291-301. [PMID: 23607312 DOI: 10.1042/bj20121843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
GH (growth hormone) binding to the GHR (GH receptor) triggers essential signalling pathways that promote growth and metabolic regulation. The sensitivity of the cells to GH is mainly controlled by the endocytosis of the receptor via βTrCP (β-transducin repeat-containing protein). In the present study, we show that βTrCP interacts directly via its WD40 domain with the UbE (ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis) motif in GHR, promoting GHR ubiquitination in vitro. NMR experiments demonstrated that the UbE motif is essentially unstructured, and, together with functional mapping of the UbE and βTrCP WD40 residues necessary for binding, led to a unique interaction model of βTrCP with GHR-UbE. This interaction is different from the conventional βTrCP-substrate interactions described to date. This interaction therefore represents a promising specific target to develop drugs that inhibit GHR endocytosis and increase GH sensitivity in cachexia patients.
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Eckroat TJ, Green KD, Reed RA, Bornstein JJ, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Investigation of the role of linker moieties in bifunctional tacrine hybrids. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:3614-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Kochi A, Eckroat TJ, Green KD, Mayhoub AS, Lim MH, Garneau-Tsodikova S. A novel hybrid of 6-chlorotacrine and metal–amyloid-β modulator for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and metal-induced amyloid-β aggregation. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51902c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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22
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Formulation and in vitro evaluation of transdermal drug delivery system for donepezil. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-012-0002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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24
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Gupta S, Fallarero A, Järvinen P, Karlsson D, Johnson MS, Vuorela PM, Mohan CG. Discovery of dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors identified by pharmacophore modeling and sequential virtual screening techniques. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:1105-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Bornstein JJ, Eckroat TJ, Houghton JL, Jones CK, Green KD, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Tacrine-mefenamic acid hybrids for inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0md00256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Molecular modeling and biological evaluation of 2-N,N-dimethylaminecyclohexyl 1-N′,N′-dimethylcarbamate isomers and their methylsulfate salts as cholinesterases inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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de Paula A, Martins J, dos Santos M, Nascente LDC, Romeiro L, Areas T, Vieira K, Gambôa N, Castro N, Gargano R. New potential AChE inhibitor candidates. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:3754-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2008] [Revised: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Fernández-Bachiller MI, Pérez C, Campillo NE, Páez JA, González-Muñoz GC, Usán P, García-Palomero E, López M, Villarroya M, García A, Martínez A, Rodríguez-Franco MI. Tacrine-Melatonin Hybrids as Multifunctional Agents for Alzheimer's Disease, with Cholinergic, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Properties. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:828-41. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Khan MTH. Molecular interactions of cholinesterases inhibitors using in silico methods: current status and future prospects. N Biotechnol 2009; 25:331-46. [PMID: 19491049 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a low amount of acetylcholine (ACh) in hippocampus and cortex. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of the most important enzymes in many living organisms including human being and other vertebrates, insects like mosquitoes, among others. Several reports have been published where it has been clearly shown that the genesis of amyloid protein plaques associated with AD is connected to modifications of both AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), since the plaque is significantly decreased in AD patients using cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs). This review gives some examples of these inhibitors discovered during past couple of years that have shown very prominent interactions at the active site triad of the proteins as well as different other parts of the active site like, peripheral anionic site (PAS), oxyanionic hole, anionic subsite or acyl binding pocket (ABP). Most of the inhibition and their interactions have been visualized by X-ray crystallography, but some of the other inhibitors have been studied either by molecular docking or molecular dynamic (MD) simulations or by both the in silico methods. Some of these prominent studies have been crucially observed and reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway(1)
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Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibiting Activity of Pyrrole Derivatives from a Novel Marine Gliding Bacterium, Rapidithrix thailandica. Mar Drugs 2008. [DOI: 10.3390/md6040578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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31
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Sangnoi Y, Sakulkeo O, Yuenyongsawad S, Kanjana-opas A, Ingkaninan K, Plubrukarn A, Suwanborirux K. Acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting activity of pyrrole derivatives from a novel marine gliding bacterium, Rapidithrix thailandica. Mar Drugs 2008; 6:578-86. [PMID: 19172195 PMCID: PMC2630848 DOI: 10.3390/md20080029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 10/03/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting activity of marinoquinoline A (1), a new pyrroloquinoline from a novel species of a marine gliding bacterium Rapidithrix thailandica, was assessed (IC50 4.9 μM). Two related pyrrole derivatives, 3-(2′-aminophenyl)-pyrrole (3) and 2,2-dimethyl-pyrrolo-1,2-dihydroquinoline (4), were also isolated from two other strains of R. thailandica. The isolation of 3 from a natural source is reported here for the first time. Compound 4 was proposed to be an isolation artifact derived from 3. The two isolated compounds were virtually inactive in the acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory assay (enzyme inhibition < 30% at 0.1 g L−1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutthapong Sangnoi
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkla 90112, Thailand
| | - Oraphan Sakulkeo
- Marine Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Supreeya Yuenyongsawad
- Marine Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Akkharawit Kanjana-opas
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkla 90112, Thailand
- Center for Bioactive Natural Products from Marine Organisms and Endophytic Fungi (BNPME), Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kornkanok Ingkaninan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center for Bioactive Natural Products from Marine Organisms and Endophytic Fungi (BNPME), Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anuchit Plubrukarn
- Marine Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
- Center for Bioactive Natural Products from Marine Organisms and Endophytic Fungi (BNPME), Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail:
| | - Khanit Suwanborirux
- Center for Bioactive Natural Products from Marine Organisms and Endophytic Fungi (BNPME), Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Park JK, Choy YB, Oh JM, Kim JY, Hwang SJ, Choy JH. Controlled release of donepezil intercalated in smectite clays. Int J Pharm 2008; 359:198-204. [PMID: 18502063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Revised: 03/31/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Nascimento ÉC, Martins JB, dos Santos ML, Gargano R. Theoretical study of classical acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Chem Phys Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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34
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Delfini M, Di Cocco ME, Piccioni F, Porcelli F, Borioni A, Rodomonte A, Del Giudice MR. Tacrine derivatives-acetylcholinesterase interaction: 1H NMR relaxation study. Bioorg Chem 2007; 35:243-57. [PMID: 17303215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2007.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2006] [Revised: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 01/01/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Two acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors structurally related to Tacrine, 6-methoxytacrine (1a) and 9-heptylamino-6-methoxytacrine (1b), and their interaction with Electrophorus Electricus AChE were investigated. The complete assignment of the 1H and 13C NMR spectra of 1a and 1b was performed by mono-dimensional and homo- and hetero-correlated two-dimensional NMR experiments. This study was undertaken to elucidate the interaction modes between AChE and 1a and 1b in solution, using NMR. The interaction between the two inhibitors and AChE was studied by the analysis of the motional parameters non-selective and selective spin-lattice relaxation times, thereby allowing the motional state of 1a and 1b, both free and bound with AChE, to be defined. The relaxation data pointed out the ligands molecular moiety most involved in the binding with AChE. The relevant ligand/enzyme interaction constants were also evaluated for both compounds and resulted to be 859 and 5412M(-1) for 1a and1b, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Delfini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi La Sapienza, piazzale Aldo Moro, 5 - 00185 Roma, Italy.
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