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Li S, Cheng G, Chen H, Li R, Xia P, Li Y, Liang X, Wang K. Mechanism of N 2O formation in catalytic after-treatment systems of ammonia/hydrogen-fuelled engines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024. [PMID: 39036842 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02075h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The combustion processes and catalytic after-treatment of ammonia/hydrogen-fueled engines, including NOx storage and reduction (NSR) and noble-metal selective catalytic reduction (SCR), can produce the byproduct N2O, a potent greenhouse gas that weakens the zero-carbon attribute of these fuels. Currently, the mechanism of N2O formation on DeNOx catalysts remains unclear due to limited research on catalytic after-treatment for such engines and the complexity of surface catalytic reactions. To elucidate the formation of N2O on the DeNOx catalysts of ammonia/hydrogen fuel engines, the impact factors on N2O formation on platinum catalysts (typical catalysts in NSR and noble-metal SCR) were investigated using first-principles molecular dynamics (FPMD). By employing the blue-moon ensemble enhanced sampling method and the slow-growth approach for free energy surface exploration, together with density functional theory (DFT) for electronic structure analysis, a linear relationship between the spin splitting of the d states of Pt clusters and N2O formation energy barriers was revealed, along with the increased structural sensitivity of Pt clusters with fewer atoms. It is highlighted that the energy barrier for N2O formation is determined by the matching degree of energy levels between molecules and surfaces. These findings provide atomic-scale insights into N2O formation on DeNOx catalysts for ammonia/hydrogen-fueled engines, facilitating N2O emission control for carbon-free engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Gong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Haoran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Ruichao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Peng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Xingyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China.
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Liu X, Xu Y, Sheng L. Al-Decorated C2N Monolayer as a Potential Catalyst for NO Reduction with CO Molecules: A DFT Investigation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185790. [PMID: 36144524 PMCID: PMC9503404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing efficient and economical catalysts for NO reduction is of great interest. Herein, the catalytic reduction of NO molecules on an Al-decorated C2N monolayer (Al-C2N) is systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results reveal that the Al-C2N catalyst is highly selective for NO, more so than CO, according to the values of the adsorption energy and charge transfer. The NO reduction reaction more preferably undergoes the (NO)2 dimer reduction process instead of the NO direct decomposition process. For the (NO)2 dimer reduction process, two NO molecules initially co-adsorb to form (NO)2 dimers, followed by decomposition into N2O and Oads species. On this basis, five kinds of (NO)2 dimer structures that initiate four reaction paths are explored on the Al-C2N surface. Particularly, the cis-(NO)2 dimer structures (Dcis-N and Dcis-O) are crucial intermediates for NO reduction, where the max energy barrier along the energetically most favorable pathway (path II) is as low as 3.6 kcal/mol. The remaining Oads species on Al-C2N are then easily reduced with CO molecules, being beneficial for a new catalytic cycle. These results, combined with its low-cost nature, render Al-C2N a promising catalyst for NO reduction under mild conditions.
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He C, Yang H, Xi M, Fu L, Huo J, Zhao C. Efficient electrocatalytic reduction of NO to ammonia on BC 3 nanosheets. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113479. [PMID: 35588777 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Searching for an economical and highly efficient electrocatalytic reduction catalyst for ammonia synthesis under controllable conditions is a very attractive and challenging subject in chemistry. In this study, we systematically studied the electrocatalytic performance of BC3 nanosheets as potential NO reduction reaction (NORR) electrocatalysts using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It was found that BC3 two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit excellent catalytic activity with a very low limiting potential of -0.29/-0.11 V along three reaction paths. The total reaction is NO (g)+5H++5e-→NH3(g)+ H2O. The density of states of adsorbed NO, NH3, and the corresponding crystal orbital hamiltonian population (COHP) analysis revealed the mechanism of NO being activated and the reasons for NH3 adsorption/desorption on the surface of BC3. The reaction path, limiting potential, and Gibbs free energy calculations of BC3 catalyzed NO to ammonia synthesis revealed that for path 1, the potential-determining step is *NO+H++e-→*NOH, and for path 2/3 the potential-determining step is *NO+(H++e-)→*HNO. Calculation of the thermodynamic energy barriers for NO dissociation at the BC3 surface and NO hydrogenation reveals that NO is more likely to be hydrogenated rather than dissociated. The influences of the proton-electron hydrogenation site on the process of ammonia synthesis in the key reduction step were analyzed by Bader charge analysis and charge density, it is pointed out that the electronic structure and affects the reaction process can be controlled by hydrogenation at different sites of intermediates. These results pave the way for using nitrogen oxides not just nitrogen as raw materials for ammonia synthesis with 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozheng He
- Institute of Environment and Energy Catalysis, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Houyong Yang
- Institute of Environment and Energy Catalysis, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Menghui Xi
- Institute of Environment and Energy Catalysis, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Ling Fu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, 741001, China.
| | - Jinrong Huo
- School of Sciences, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Chenxu Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Energy Catalysis, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an, 710021, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130022, Changchun, China
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Dwijendra NKA, Patra I, Ahmed YM, Hasan YM, Najm ZM, Al Mashhadani ZI, Kumar A. Carbonyl sulfide gas detection by pure, Zn- and Cd-decorated AlP nano-sheet. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-022-02961-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Huang B, Gan W, Hansen K, Luo Z. What Determines the Drastic Reactivity of Nb n+ Clusters with Nitric Oxide under Thermalized Conditions? J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4801-4809. [PMID: 35830281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report an in-depth study of the adsorption and reaction of NO with cationic Nbn+ (n = 1-20) clusters under thermalized conditions in a laminar flow tube reactor in tandem with a customized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (FT-TQMS). It is found that the small-sized Nbn+ clusters (2 ≤ n ≤ 7) readily react with NO giving rise to dominant fragmentation products pertaining to the loss of a stable diatomic molecule NbO or NbN. In contrast, the reaction products of larger-sized clusters (n ≥ 10) proceed through diverse channels, including NO adsorption, N2/N2O release, and even NO2 formation. These experimental observations provided the incentive for us to dig deep into the reaction mechanism with the help of DFT calculations. In contrast to the NO-donation coordination in transition metal complexes, here the cationic Nbn+ clusters exhibit dominant electronic donation in initiating the reactions with NO molecules. We fully demonstrated the reaction rate constants, compared the reaction energy diagram of typical Nbn+ clusters, and unveiled the distinct interaction mechanism of niobium clusters available for NO activation and conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benben Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen Gan
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Klavs Hansen
- Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, School of Science, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhixun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Khan AA, Ahmad A, Al-Swaidan HM, Haider S, Akhtar MS, Khan SU. Density functional theory study of P-embedded SiC monolayer as a robust metal free catalyst for N2O reduction and CO oxidation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Khan AA, Ullah R, Esrafili MD, Ahmad R, Ahmad I. Co Anchored B
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Cluster as a Novel Single Atom Catalyst for Removing Toxic CO Molecules: A Mechanistic First‐Principles Study. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Ali Khan
- Centre for Computational Materials Science University of Malakand Chakdara Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry University of Malakand Chakdara Pakistan
| | - Rahmat Ullah
- Centre for Computational Materials Science University of Malakand Chakdara Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry University of Malakand Chakdara Pakistan
| | - Mehdi D. Esrafili
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Basic Science University of Maragheh Maragheh Iran
| | - Rashid Ahmad
- Centre for Computational Materials Science University of Malakand Chakdara Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry University of Malakand Chakdara Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Centre for Computational Materials Science University of Malakand Chakdara Pakistan
- Department of Physics Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan
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Khan AA, Ahmad R, Ahmad I. Removal of nitrous and carbon mono oxide from flue gases by Si-coordinated nitrogen doped C60-fullerene: A DFT approach. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mohammadi MD, Abdullah HY, Suvitha A. The Adsorption of 1-Chloro-1,2,2,2-Tetrafluoroethane Onto the Pristine, Al-, and Ga-Doped Boron Nitride Nanosheet. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, TRANSACTIONS A: SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40995-021-01117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Lin B, Xu F, Mei Y, Liu Y, Zou Y, Liang Z, Zhou Y, Diao J, Mao Y, Liu H. Phosphorus-doped h-boron nitride as an efficient metal-free catalyst for direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00903f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The N2PO and N3P–OH sites of PBN synergistically catalyzed the direct dehydrogenation reaction of ethylbenzene with a styrene production rate of 6.63 mmolST g−1 h−1 even after 100 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baining Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Fan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Yuxin Mei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Zhiwu Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Yonghua Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Jiangyong Diao
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
| | - Yu Mao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410083
- China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
- China
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The adsorption of chlorofluoromethane on pristine, and Al- and Ga-doped boron nitride nanosheets: a DFT, NBO, and QTAIM study. J Mol Model 2020; 26:287. [PMID: 32980919 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04556-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, the feasibility of detecting the chlorofluoromethane (CFM) gas molecule onto the outer surface of pristine single layer boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS), as well as its aluminum (Al)- and gallium (Ga)-doped structures, was carefully evaluated. For achieving this goal, a density functional theory level of study using the Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof exchange-correlation (PBEPBE) functional together with a 6-311G(d) basis set has been used. Subsequently, the B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, wB97XD, and M062X functionals with a 6-311G(d) basis set were also employed to consider the single-point energies. Natural bond orbital (NBO) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) were implemented by using the B3LYP-D3/6-311G(d) method, and the results were compatible with the electronic properties. In this regard, the total density of states (TDOSs), the Wiberg bond index (WBI), natural charge, natural electron configuration, donor-acceptor natural bond orbital interactions, and the second-order perturbation energies are performed to explore the nature of the intermolecular interactions. All of the energy calculations and population analyses denote that by adsorbing of the gas molecule onto the surface of the considered nanostructures, the intermolecular interactions are of the type of strong chemical adsorption. Among the doped nanosheets, Ga-doped nanosheet has very high adsorption energy compared with other elements (i.e., Ga-doped > Al-doped > pristine). Generally, it was revealed that the sensitivity of the adsorption will be increased when the gas molecule interacts with decorated nanosheets and decrease the HOMO-LUMO band gap; therefore, the change of electronic properties can be used to design suitable nanosensors to detect CFM gas. Graphical abstract.
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Theoretical study of the adsorption of amantadine on pristine, Al-, Ga-, P-, and As-doped boron nitride nanosheets: a PBC-DFT, NBO, and QTAIM study. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-02672-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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