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Zhong X, Yan J, Ding X, Su C, Xu Y, Yang M. Recent Advances in Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry for Enhanced PET and SPECT Radiochemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:457-476. [PMID: 36811499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high reaction rate and reliable selectivity, bioorthogonal click reactions have been extensively investigated in numerous research fields, such as nanotechnology, drug delivery, molecular imaging, and targeted therapy. Previous reviews on bioorthogonal click chemistry for radiochemistry mainly focus on 18F-labeling protocols employed to produce radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals. In fact, besides fluorine-18, other radionuclides such as gallium-68, iodine-125, and technetium-99m are also used in the field of bioorthogonal click chemistry. Herein, to provide a more comprehensive perspective, we provide a summary of recent advances in radiotracers prepared using bioorthogonal click reactions, including small molecules, peptides, proteins, antibodies, and nucleic acids as well as nanoparticles based on these radionuclides. The combination of pretargeting with imaging modalities or nanoparticles, as well as the clinical translations study, are also discussed to illustrate the effects and potential of bioorthogonal click chemistry for radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Zhong
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
| | - Chen Su
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214002, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
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Eno EA, Louis H, Unimuke TO, Egemonye TC, Adalikwu SA, Agwupuye JA, Odey DO, Abu AS, Eko IJ, Ifeatu CE, Ntui TN. Synthesis, characterization, and theoretical investigation of 4-chloro-6(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)asmino-4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)thiazol-5-yl-diazenyl)phenyl as potential SARS-CoV-2 agent. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The synthesis of 4-chloro-6(phenylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino-4-(2,4 dichlorophenyl)thiazol-5-yl-diazenyl)phenyl is reported in this work with a detailed structural and molecular docking study on two SARS-COV-2 proteins: 3TNT and 6LU7. The studied compound has been synthesized by the condensation of cyanuric chloride with aniline and characterized with various spectroscopic techniques. The experimentally obtained spectroscopic data has been compared with theoretical calculated results achieved using high-level density functional theory (DFT) method. Stability, nature of bonding, and reactivity of the studied compound was evaluated at DFT/B3LYP/6-31 + (d) level of theory. Hyper-conjugative interaction persisting within the molecules which accounts for the bio-activity of the compound was evaluated from natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) properties of the experimentally synthesized compound was studied to evaluate the pharmacological as well as in silico molecular docking against SARS-CoV-2 receptors. The molecular docking result revealed that the investigated compound exhibited binding affinity of −9.3 and −8.8 for protein 3TNT and 6LU7 respectively. In conclusion, protein 3TNT with the best binding affinity for the ligand is the most suitable for treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ededet A. Eno
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences , University of Calabar , Calabar , Nigeria
| | - Hitler Louis
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences , University of Calabar , Calabar , Nigeria
| | - Tomsmith O. Unimuke
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences , University of Calabar , Calabar , Nigeria
| | - ThankGod C. Egemonye
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences , University of Calabar , Calabar , Nigeria
| | - Stephen A. Adalikwu
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
| | - John A. Agwupuye
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences , University of Calabar , Calabar , Nigeria
| | - Diana O. Odey
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences , Cross River University of Technology , Calabar , Nigeria
| | - Abu Solomon Abu
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Biology Sciences , University of Calabar , Calabar , Nigeria
| | - Ishegbe J. Eko
- Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering , Ahmadu Bello University Zaria , Kaduna , Nigeria
| | - Chukwudubem E. Ifeatu
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
| | - Tabe N. Ntui
- Computational and Bio-Simulation Research Group , University of Calabar, Calabar , Nigeria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences , Cross River University of Technology , Calabar , Nigeria
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