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Zhou X, Zhang J, Liu J, Guo J, Wei Y, Li J, He P, Lan T, Peng L, Li H. MicroRNA miR-155-5p knockdown attenuates Angiostrongylus cantonensis-induced eosinophilic meningitis by downregulating MMP9 and TSLP proteins. Int J Parasitol 2020; 51:13-22. [PMID: 32966836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection is a major cause of eosinophilic meningitis (EM). Severe cases or cases that involve infants and children present poor prognoses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are important regulators of gene expression in many biological processes, were recently found to be regulators of the host response to infection by parasites; however, their roles in brain inflammation caused by A. cantonensis are still unclear. The current study confirmed that miR-155-5p peaked at 21 days after A. cantonensis infection, and its expression was positively correlated with the concentration of excretory and secretory products (ESPs). We found that miR-155-5p knockdown lentivirus successfully ameliorated brain injury and downregulated the expression of major basic protein (MBP) in vivo, and the number of eosinophils in CSF (and the percentage of eosinophils in peripheral blood were also decreased in the miR-155-5p knockdown group. Moreover, the expression of several eosinophilic inflammation cytokines such as CCL6/C10, ICAM-1, and MMP9, declined after the miR-155-5p knockdown. SOCS1 protein, which is an important negative regulator of inflammation activation, was identified as a direct miR-155-5p target. We further detected the effect of miR-155-5p knockdown on phosphorylated-STAT3 and phosphorylated-p65 proteins, which were found to be negatively regulated by SOCS1 and play an important role in regulating the inflammatory response. We found that miR-155-5p knockdown decreased the activity of p-STAT3 and p-p65, thereby leading to lower expression of MMP9 and TSLP proteins, which were closely related to the chemotaxis and infiltration of eosinophils. Interestingly, the inhibition of p-STAT3 or p-p65 was found to induce the downregulation of miR-155-5p in an opposite manner. These observations suggest that a positive feedback loop was formed between miR-155-5p, STAT3, and NF-κB in A. cantonensis infection and that miR-155-5p inhibition might provide a novel strategy to attenuate eosinophilic meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumin Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, PR China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jumei Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jianyu Guo
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Peiqing He
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Lilan Peng
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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Taenia crassiceps-Excreted/Secreted Products Induce a Defined MicroRNA Profile that Modulates Inflammatory Properties of Macrophages. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:2946713. [PMID: 31218234 PMCID: PMC6536978 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2946713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Helminth parasites modulate immune responses in their host to prevent their elimination and to establish chronic infections. Our previous studies indicate that Taenia crassiceps-excreted/secreted antigens (TcES) downregulate inflammatory responses in rodent models of autoimmune diseases, by promoting the generation of alternatively activated-like macrophages (M2) in vivo. However, the molecular mechanisms triggered by TcES that modulate macrophage polarization and inflammatory response remain unclear. Here, we found that, while TcES reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, and TNFα), they increased the release of IL-10 in LPS-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). However, TcES alone or in combination with LPS or IL-4 failed to increase the production of the canonical M1 or M2 markers in BMDM. To further define the anti-inflammatory effect of TcES in the response of LPS-stimulated macrophages, we performed transcriptomic array analyses of mRNA and microRNA to evaluate their levels. Although the addition of TcES to LPS-stimulated BMDM induced modest changes in the inflammatory mRNA profile, it induced the production of mRNAs associated with the activation of different receptors, phagocytosis, and M2-like phenotype. Moreover, we found that TcES induced upregulation of specific microRNAs, including miR-125a-5p, miR-762, and miR-484, which are predicted to target canonical inflammatory molecules and pathways in LPS-induced BMDM. These results suggest that TcES can modulate proinflammatory responses in macrophages by inducing regulatory posttranscriptional mechanisms and hence reduce detrimental outcomes in hosts running with inflammatory diseases.
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Yuan D, Luo S, Xu L, Zeng X, Wu Z. Regulatory effect of host miR-101b-3p on parasitism of nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis via superoxide dismutase 3. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:557-566. [PMID: 30763737 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA plays a vital role in the regulation of host-parasite interaction. In recent years, genomic and transcriptomic resources have become increasingly available for many helminths, but only a limited number of reports in this area are on the regulatory effects of host microRNAs on parasitic nematodes. In this work, we screened increased expression of host microRNAs after nematode infection from miRNA-seq data and predicted target genes by combined bioinformatics analysis and transcriptional profiling. We elucidated regulatory effects of one host miRNA on nematode infection using miRNA inhibitor and adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based TuD miRNA inhibitor. Using AAV-based TuD miRNA inhibitor, we showed that stable blockade of mmu-miR-101b-3p could alleviate the pathological damages of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a parasitic nematode. Data from a luciferase report assay showed that mmu-miR-101b-3p targeted the extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (Acsod3). Increased Acsod3 expression in larvae and alleviated oxidative damages were seen in the groups receiving mmu-miR-101b-3p inhibitor treatment in vitro and AAV-based TuD miRNA inhibitor injection in vivo. Results of this study demonstrate that murine miR-101b-3p inhibits the expression of antioxidant enzyme in A. cantonensis to strengthen host oxidative responses to nematodes. This work expands our knowledge of interspecies regulation of nematode gene expression by of host miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shiqi Luo
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China; Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lian Xu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xingda Zeng
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhongdao Wu
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Tropical Diseases Control (SYSU), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510080, China; Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Diseases-vectors Control, Guangdong, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Gutierrez-Loli R, Orrego MA, Sevillano-Quispe OG, Herrera-Arrasco L, Guerra-Giraldez C. MicroRNAs in Taenia solium Neurocysticercosis: Insights as Promising Agents in Host-Parasite Interaction and Their Potential as Biomarkers. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1905. [PMID: 29033926 PMCID: PMC5626859 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Although, several miRNAs have been identified in parasitic helminths, there is little information about their identification and function in Taenia. Furthermore, the impact of miRNAs in neurocysticercosis, the brain infection caused by larvae of Taenia solium is still unknown. During chronic infection, T. solium may activate numerous mechanisms aimed to modulate host immune responses. Helminthic miRNAs might also have effects on host mRNA expression and thus play an important role regulating host-parasite interactions. Also, the diagnosis of this disease is difficult and it usually requires neuroimaging and confirmatory serology. Since miRNAs are stable when released, they can be detected in body fluids and therefore have potential to diagnose infection, determine parasite burden, and ascertain effectiveness of treatment or disease progression, for instance. This review discusses the potential roles of miRNAs in T. solium infection, including regulation of host-parasite relationships and their eventual use as diagnostic or disease biomarkers. Additionally, we summarize the bioinformatics resources available for identification of T. solium miRNAs and prediction of their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Gutierrez-Loli
- Neurocysticercosis Lab, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Miguel A Orrego
- Neurocysticercosis Lab, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Oscar G Sevillano-Quispe
- Neurocysticercosis Lab, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Herrera-Arrasco
- Neurocysticercosis Lab, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Cristina Guerra-Giraldez
- Neurocysticercosis Lab, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Arora N, Tripathi S, Singh AK, Mondal P, Mishra A, Prasad A. Micromanagement of Immune System: Role of miRNAs in Helminthic Infections. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:586. [PMID: 28450853 PMCID: PMC5390025 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Helminthic infections fall under neglected tropical diseases, although they inflict severe morbidity to human and causes major economic burden on health care system in many developing countries. There is increased effort to understand their immunopathology in recent days due to their immuno-modulatory capabilities. Immune response is primarily controlled at the transcriptional level, however, microRNA-mediated RNA interference is emerging as important regulatory machinery that works at the translation level. In the past decade, microRNA (miRNA/miR) research has advanced with significant momentum. The result is ever increasing list of curated sequences from a broad panel of organisms including helminths. Several miRNAs had been discovered from trematodes, nematodes and cestodes like let-7, miR155, miR-199, miR-134, miR-223, miR-146, and fhe-mir-125a etc., with potential role in immune modulation. These miRs had been associated with TGF-β, MAPK, Toll-like receptor, PI3K/AKT signaling pathways and insulin growth factor regulation. Thus, controlling the immune cells development, survival, proliferation and death. Apart from micromanagement of immune system, they also express certain unique miRNA also like cis-miR-001, cis-miR-2, cis-miR-6, cis-miR-10, cis-miR-18, cis-miR-19, trs-mir-0001, fhe-miR-01, fhe-miR-07, fhe-miR-08, egr-miR-4988, egr-miR-4989 etc. The specific role played by most of these species specific unique miRs are yet to be discovered. However, these newly discovered miRNAs might serve as novel targets for therapeutic intervention or biomarkers for parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naina Arora
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology MandiMandi, India
| | - Shweta Tripathi
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology MandiMandi, India
| | - Aloukick K Singh
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot, Israel
| | - Prosenjit Mondal
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology MandiMandi, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology JodhpurJodhpur, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology MandiMandi, India
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