1
|
Liao W, Wei D, Liu M, Huang L, Li B, Wei Y, Han S, Huang S, Yu Q, Li P. Phenotypic characteristics and immune response of Procypris merus following challenge with aquatic isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13875. [PMID: 37881099 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Currently, aquaculture is a relatively mature industry; however, disease problems are continuously threatening the industry and hindering its development to a certain extent. Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the zoonotic bacteria widely present in different hosts and has caused some degree of harm to the aquaculture industry, posing a potential threat to the water environment and indirectly also affecting human food safety issues. In this study, K. pneumoniae was isolated from the aquaculture environment, named as ELD, and subjected to pathogenic and immunological related studies. The results of the study showed that the strain carries at least four virulence-related genes, magA, wabG, ureA and uge, and has developed resistance to at least seven antibacterial drugs, such as amoxicillin, doxycycline, rifampicin, and so on. Moreover, the strain is highly pathogenic and is capable of causing systemic clinical foci in Procypris merus. In addition, after infection with K. pneumoniae, the expression of IL-1β, IL-8, HSP70 and C2 was upregulated in P. merus as a whole, whereas the expression of TNF-α did not change significantly in any of the tissues, which might be a kind of immune response of P. merus against K. pneumoniae infection. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the in-depth exploration of the pathogenic mechanism of K. pneumoniae in fish and the immune response that occurs after the disease is contracted in fish, as well as theoretical support for the development of effective preventive and therapeutic strategies against K. pneumoniae-infected aquatic animals in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Liao
- College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Lin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Bingzheng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Yunyi Wei
- College of Food Science and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Shuyu Han
- Guangxi Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Shuaishuai Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, P.R. China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen F, Yan S, Xu J, Jiang Y, Wang J, Deng H, Wang J, Zou L, Liu Y, Zhu Y. Exploring the potential mechanism of Xuebijing injection against sepsis based on metabolomics and network pharmacology. Anal Biochem 2023; 682:115332. [PMID: 37816419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a major contributor to the death of critically ill patients globally, in which metabolic disturbance is observed. Xuebijing injection (XBJ), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has received approval by the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) of China owing to its satisfactory clinical therapeutic effect. Nowadays, it has been applied clinically to the treatment of sepsis, but its effect on metabolic disorders remains unclear. In the present study, we sought to explore its underlying mechanism by employing a combination of network pharmacology and metabolomics. Initially, its protective effects were validated using a sepsis rat model created through cecal ligation puncture (CLP). Subsequently, the metabonomic strategy was utilized to discriminate the differential metabolic markers. Meanwhile, a comprehensive view of the potential ingredient-target-disease network was constructed based on a network pharmacology analysis. Next, the network diagram was constructed by integrating the results of network pharmacology and metabonomics. Finally, qRT-PCR together with Western blot was used to validate the expression levels of the associated genes. Based on our findings, we identified 34 differential metabolites in the sepsis group and 26 distinct metabolites in the XBJ group, with 8 common biological metabolites predominantly associated with arginine and proline metabolism. Through comprehensive analysis, we identified 21 genes that regulate metabolites, and qRT-PCR validation was conducted on six of these genes in both liver and kidney tissues. Additionally, XBJ demonstrated the capability to inhibit the activation of the NF-kB signaling pathway in both liver and kidney tissues, leading to a reduction in the occurrence of inflammatory responses. In summary, our study has validated the complexity of the natural compounds within XBJ and elucidated their potential mechanisms for addressing CLP-induced metabolic disturbances. This work contributes to our understanding of the bioactive compounds and their associated targets, providing insights into the potential molecular mechanisms involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shifan Yan
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huafei Deng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lianhong Zou
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zaharieva A, Rusanov K, Rusanova M, Paunov M, Yordanova Z, Mantovska D, Tsacheva I, Petrova D, Mishev K, Dobrev PI, Lacek J, Filepová R, Zehirov G, Vassileva V, Mišić D, Motyka V, Chaneva G, Zhiponova M. Uncovering the Interrelation between Metabolite Profiles and Bioactivity of In Vitro- and Wild-Grown Catmint ( Nepeta nuda L.). Metabolites 2023; 13:1099. [PMID: 37887424 PMCID: PMC10609352 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nepeta nuda L. is a medicinal plant enriched with secondary metabolites serving to attract pollinators and deter herbivores. Phenolics and iridoids of N. nuda have been extensively investigated because of their beneficial impacts on human health. This study explores the chemical profiles of in vitro shoots and wild-grown N. nuda plants (flowers and leaves) through metabolomic analysis utilizing gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Initially, we examined the differences in the volatiles' composition in in vitro-cultivated shoots comparing them with flowers and leaves from plants growing in natural environment. The characteristic iridoid 4a-α,7-β,7a-α-nepetalactone was highly represented in shoots of in vitro plants and in flowers of plants from nature populations, whereas most of the monoterpenes were abundant in leaves of wild-grown plants. The known in vitro biological activities encompassing antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial potentials alongside the newly assessed anti-inflammatory effects exhibited consistent associations with the total content of phenolics, reducing sugars, and the identified metabolic profiles in polar (organic acids, amino acids, alcohols, sugars, phenolics) and non-polar (fatty acids, alkanes, sterols) fractions. Phytohormonal levels were also quantified to infer the regulatory pathways governing phytochemical production. The overall dataset highlighted compounds with the potential to contribute to N. nuda bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zaharieva
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Krasimir Rusanov
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Agrobioinstitute, Agricultural Academy, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.R.)
| | - Mila Rusanova
- Department of Agrobiotechnology, Agrobioinstitute, Agricultural Academy, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.R.)
| | - Momchil Paunov
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Zhenya Yordanova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Desislava Mantovska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Ivanka Tsacheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Detelina Petrova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Kiril Mishev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.M.); (G.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Petre I. Dobrev
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Jozef Lacek
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Filepová
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Grigor Zehirov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.M.); (G.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Valya Vassileva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.M.); (G.Z.); (V.V.)
| | - Danijela Mišić
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Václav Motyka
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic; (P.I.D.); (J.L.); (R.F.); (V.M.)
| | - Ganka Chaneva
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Miroslava Zhiponova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.Z.); (Z.Y.); (D.M.); (D.P.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Metabolomic Analysis of Key Regulatory Metabolites in the Urine of Flavivirus-Infected Mice. J Trop Med 2022; 2022:4663735. [PMID: 35693845 PMCID: PMC9177292 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4663735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) are several important flaviviruses, and infections caused by these flaviviruses remain worldwide health problems. Different flaviviruses exhibit different biological characteristics and pathogenicity. Metabolomics is an emerging research perspective to uncover and observe the pathogenesis of certain infections. Methods To improve the understanding of the specific metabolic changes that occur during infection with different flaviviruses, considering the principle of noninvasive sampling, this article describes our comprehensive analysis of metabolites in urine samples from the three kinds of flavivirus-infected mice using a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method to better understand their infection mechanisms. Results The urine of DENV-, JEV-, and ZIKV-infected mice had 68, 64, and 47 different differential metabolites, respectively, compared with the urine of control mice. Among the metabolic pathways designed by these metabolites, ABC transporters, arginine and proline metabolism, and regulation of lipolysis play an important role. Furthermore, we predicted and fitted potential relationships between metabolites and pathways. Conclusions These virus-specific altered metabolites may be associated with their unique biological properties and pathogenicity. The metabolomic analysis of urine is very important for the analysis of flavivirus infection.
Collapse
|
5
|
Yin L, Shen X, Zhang D, Zhao R, Dai Y, Hu X, Wang J, Hou H, Pan X, Qi K. Transcriptome response of a new serotype of avian type Klebsiella varicella strain to chicken sera. Res Vet Sci 2022; 145:222-228. [PMID: 35278892 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella variicola is a newly discovered pathogen of zoonotic importance, commonly causing serious systemic infection via the bloodstream route. However, the mechanism by which K. variicola survives and grows in the bloodstream is poorly understood. In a previous study, a strain of Klebsiella causing chicken bloodstream infection was obtained, and whole genome sequencing showed that it was a new ST174 type K. variicola. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying the survival and development of K. variicola in host serum. First, we compared the transcriptomes of K. variicola grown in Luria-Bertani broth and chicken serum. We sequenced six RNA libraries from the two groups, each library had three repeats. A total of 1046 differentially expressed genes were identified. Functional annotation analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes are mainly involved in adaptive metabolism, biosynthesis pathways (including biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis), stress resistance, and several known virulence regulatory systems (including the ABC transporter system, the two-component signal transduction system and the quorum sensing system). These genes are expected to contribute to the adaptation and growth of K. variicola in host birds. This analysis provides a new insight into the pathogenesis of K. variicola.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Xuehuai Shen
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Danjun Zhang
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Ruihong Zhao
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Xiaomiao Hu
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Jieru Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Hongyan Hou
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Xiaocheng Pan
- Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China.
| | - Kezong Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lou Y, Yu K, Wu X, Wang Z, Cui Y, Bao H, Wang J, Hu X, Ji Y, Tang G. Co-Crystals of Resveratrol and Polydatin with L-Proline: Crystal Structures, Dissolution Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicities. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185722. [PMID: 34577193 PMCID: PMC8469398 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) and polydatin (PD) have been widely used to treat several chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and diabetes, among several others. However, their low solubility hinders their further applications. In this work, we show that the solubility of PD can be boosted via its co-crystallization with L-proline (L-Pro). Two different phases of co-crystals, namely the RSV-L-Pro (RSV:L-Pro = 1:2) and PD-L-Pro (PD:L-Pro = 1: 3), have been prepared and characterized. As compared to the pristine RSV and PD, the solubility and dissolution rates of PD-L-Pro in water (pH 7.0) exhibited a 15.8% increase, whereas those of RSV-L-Pro exhibited a 13.8% decrease. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay of pristine RSV, PD, RSV-L-Pro, and PD-L-Pro against lung cancer cell line A549 and human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-293 indicated that both compounds showed obvious cytotoxicity against A549, but significantly reduced cytotoxicity against HEK-293, with PD/PD-L-Pro further exhibiting better biological safety than that of RSV/RSV-L-Pro. This work demonstrated that the readily available and biocompatible L-Pro can be a promising adjuvant to optimize the physical and chemical properties of RSV and PD to improve their pharmacokinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Lou
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Kaxi Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China; (K.Y.); (H.B.); (J.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiajun Wu
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yusheng Cui
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Hanxiao Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China; (K.Y.); (H.B.); (J.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China; (K.Y.); (H.B.); (J.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiurong Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China; (K.Y.); (H.B.); (J.W.); (X.H.)
| | - Yunxi Ji
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.L.); (X.W.); (Z.W.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (G.T.)
| | - Guping Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China; (K.Y.); (H.B.); (J.W.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (G.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
HE D, HAN H, FU X, LIU A, ZHAN Y, QIU H, MA L, ZHANG X, WANG X. Metformin reduces blood glucose in treatment-naive type 2 diabetes by altering the gut microbiome. Can J Diabetes 2021; 46:150-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
8
|
Yanan Y, Yi J, Xiaojing L, Jing Q, Xiaohui W. Adipo-specific chemerin knockout alters the metabolomic profile of adipose tissue under normal and high-fat diet conditions: Application of an untargeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics method. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5220. [PMID: 34323295 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To explore the metabolic effect of chemerin, adipose-specific chemerin knockout (adipo-chemerin-/- ) male mice were established and fed with 5-week normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD), and then the glycolipid metabolism index was measured and epididymal adipose tissue metabolomics detected using untargeted LC-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Under HFD, adipo-chemerin-/- mice showed improved glycolipid metabolism (decreased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) compared with flox (control) mice. Furthermore, orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis score plots identified separation of metabolites between adipo-chemerin-/- mice and flox mice fed ND and HFD. Under HFD, 28 metabolites were significantly enhanced in adipo-chemerin-/- mice, and pathway enrichment analysis suggested strong relationship of the differential metabolites with arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, which were directly or indirectly related to lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress. Under ND, taurine was increased in adipo-chemerin-/- mice, resulting in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis. In conclusion, the improved effect of chemerin knockdown on the glycolipid metabolism of HFD-feeding male mice might be associated with the increases in differential metabolites and metabolic pathways involved in lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress, which provided insights into the mechanism of chemerin from a metabolomics aspect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yanan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Yi
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Xiaojing
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qu Jing
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Xiaohui
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|