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Munteanu A, Ronzova A, Kutalkova E, Drohsler P, Moucka R, Kracalik M, Bilek O, Mazlan SA, Sedlacik M. Reprocessed magnetorheological elastomers with reduced carbon footprint and their piezoresistive properties. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12041. [PMID: 35835843 PMCID: PMC9283494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16129-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the vast amount of studies based on magnetorheological elastomers (MREs), a very limited number of investigations have been initiated on their reprocessing. This paper presents a new type of recyclable MRE which is composed of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and carbonyl iron particles (CI). The chosen TPU can be processed using injection moulding (IM), followed by several reprocessing cycles while preserving its properties. Numerous types of injection moulded and reprocessed MREs have been prepared for various particle concentrations. The effect of thermo-mechanical degradation on the recycled MREs has been investigated while simulating the reprocessing procedure. An apparent decrease in molecular weight was observed for all the examined matrices during the reprocessing cycles. These changes are attributed to the intermolecular bonding between the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the CI particles and the matrix which is studied in depth. The effect of reprocessing and the presence of magnetic particles is evaluated via tensile test, magnetorheology and piezoresistivity. These characterization techniques prove that the properties of our MREs are preserved at an acceptable level despite using 100% of recyclates while in real applications only up to 30% of recycled material is generally used.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Munteanu
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - A Ronzova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic.,Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - E Kutalkova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - P Drohsler
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - R Moucka
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic.,Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - M Kracalik
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - O Bilek
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - S A Mazlan
- Engineering Materials and Structures (eMast) iKohza, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Sedlacik
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Trida T. Bati 5678, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic. .,Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlín, Czech Republic.
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Bodnaruk AV, Brunhuber A, Kalita VM, Kulyk MM, Kurzweil P, Snarskii AA, Lozenko AF, Ryabchenko SM, Shamonin M. Magnetic anisotropy in magnetoactive elastomers, enabled by matrix elasticity. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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