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Ta HDK, Wang WJ, Phan NN, An Ton NT, Anuraga G, Ku SC, Wu YF, Wang CY, Lee KH. Potential Therapeutic and Prognostic Values of LSM Family Genes in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4902. [PMID: 34638387 PMCID: PMC8508234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, breast cancer (BRCA) has become one of the most common diseases worldwide. Understanding crucial genes and their signaling pathways remain an enormous challenge in evaluating the prognosis and possible therapeutics. The "Like-Smith" (LSM) family is known as protein-coding genes, and its member play pivotal roles in the progression of several malignancies, although their roles in BRCA are less clear. To discover biological processes associated with LSM family genes in BRCA development, high-throughput techniques were applied to clarify expression levels of LSMs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-BRCA dataset, which was integrated with the cBioPortal database. Furthermore, we investigated prognostic values of LSM family genes in BCRA patients using the Kaplan-Meier database. Among genes of this family, LSM4 expression levels were highly associated with poor prognostic outcomes with a hazard ratio of 1.35 (95% confidence interval 1.21-1.51, p for trend = 3.4 × 10-7). MetaCore and GlueGo analyses were also conducted to examine transcript expression signatures of LSM family members and their coexpressed genes, together with their associated signaling pathways, such as "Cell cycle role of APC in cell cycle regulation" and "Immune response IL-15 signaling via MAPK and PI3K cascade" in BRCA. Results showed that LSM family members, specifically LSM4, were significantly correlated with oncogenesis in BRCA patients. In summary, our results suggested that LSM4 could be a prospective prognosticator of BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Dang Khoa Ta
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Jan Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Nam Nhut Phan
- Institute for Environmental Science, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Nu Thuy An Ton
- NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam;
| | - Gangga Anuraga
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas PGRI Adi Buana, Surabaya 60234, Indonesia
| | - Su-Chi Ku
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Fu Wu
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (H.D.K.T.); (G.A.)
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Marzullo L, Turco MC, Uversky VN. What's in the BAGs? Intrinsic disorder angle of the multifunctionality of the members of a family of chaperone regulators. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:22-42. [PMID: 34339540 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In humans, the family of Bcl-2 associated athanogene (BAG) proteins includes six members characterized by exceptional multifunctionality and engagement in the pathogenesis of various diseases. All of them are capable of interacting with a multitude of often unrelated binding partners. Such binding promiscuity and related functional and pathological multifacetedness cannot be explained or understood within the frames of the classical "one protein-one structure-one function" model, which also fails to explain the presence of multiple isoforms generated for BAG proteins by alternative splicing or alternative translation initiation and their extensive posttranslational modifications. However, all these mysteries can be solved by taking into account the intrinsic disorder phenomenon. In fact, high binding promiscuity and potential to participate in a broad spectrum of interactions with multiple binding partners, as well as a capability to be multifunctional and multipathogenic, are some of the characteristic features of intrinsically disordered proteins and intrinsically disordered protein regions. Such functional proteins or protein regions lacking unique tertiary structures constitute a cornerstone of the protein structure-function continuum concept. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the functional roles of human BAG proteins from the perspective of protein intrinsic disorder which will provide a means for understanding their binding promiscuity, multifunctionality, and relation to the pathogenesis of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liberato Marzullo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Schola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy.,Research and Development Division, BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., Baronissi, Italy
| | - Maria C Turco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Schola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy.,Research and Development Division, BIOUNIVERSA s.r.l., Baronissi, Italy
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Comprehensive functional evaluation of variants of fibroblast growth factor receptor genes in cancer. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:66. [PMID: 34272467 PMCID: PMC8285406 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Various genetic alterations of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) family have been detected across a wide range of cancers. However, inhibition of FGFR signaling by kinase inhibitors demonstrated limited clinical effectiveness. Herein, we evaluated the transforming activity and sensitivity of 160 nonsynonymous FGFR mutations and ten fusion genes to seven FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) using the mixed-all-nominated-in-one (MANO) method, a high-throughput functional assay. The oncogenicity of 71 mutants was newly discovered in this study. The FGFR TKIs showed anti-proliferative activities against the wild-type FGFRs and their fusions, while several hotspot mutants were relatively resistant to those TKIs. The drug sensitivities assessed with the MANO method were well concordant with those evaluated using in vitro and in vivo assays. Comprehensive analysis of published FGFR structures revealed a possible mechanism through which oncogenic FGFR mutations reduce sensitivity to TKIs. It was further revealed that recurrent compound mutations within FGFRs affect the transforming potential and TKI-sensitivity of corresponding kinases. In conclusion, our study suggests the importance of selecting suitable inhibitors against individual FGFR variants. Moreover, it reveals the necessity to develop next-generation FGFR inhibitors, which are effective against all oncogenic FGFR variants.
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Uysal D, Kowalewski KF, Kriegmair MC, Wirtz R, Popovic ZV, Erben P. A comprehensive molecular characterization of the 8q22.2 region reveals the prognostic relevance of OSR2 mRNA in muscle invasive bladder cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248342. [PMID: 33711044 PMCID: PMC7954304 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological advances in molecular profiling have enabled the comprehensive identification of common regions of gene amplification on chromosomes (amplicons) in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). One such region is 8q22.2, which is largely unexplored in MIBC and could harbor genes with potential for outcome prediction or targeted therapy. To investigate the prognostic role of 8q22.2 and to compare different amplicon definitions, an in-silico analysis of 357 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas, who underwent radical cystectomy for MIBC, was performed. Amplicons were generated using the GISTIC2.0 algorithm for copy number alterations (DNA_Amplicon) and z-score normalization for mRNA gene overexpression (RNA_Amplicon). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, univariable, and multivariable Cox proportional hazard ratios were used to relate amplicons, genes, and clinical parameters to overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Analyses of the biological functions of 8q22.2 genes and genomic events in MIBC were performed to identify potential targets. Genes with prognostic significance from the in silico analysis were validated using RT-qPCR of MIBC tumor samples (n = 46). High 8q22.2 mRNA expression (RNA-AMP) was associated with lymph node metastases. Furthermore, 8q22.2 DNA and RNA amplified patients were more likely to show a luminal subtype (DNA_Amplicon_core: p = 0.029; RNA_Amplicon_core: p = 0.01). Overexpression of the 8q22.2 gene OSR2 predicted shortened DFS in univariable (HR [CI] 1.97 [1.2; 3.22]; p = 0.01) and multivariable in silico analysis (HR [CI] 1.91 [1.15; 3.16]; p = 0.01) and decreased OS (HR [CI] 6.25 [1.37; 28.38]; p = 0.0177) in RT-qPCR data analysis. Alterations in different levels of the 8q22.2 region are associated with manifestation of different clinical characteristics in MIBC. An in-depth comprehensive molecular characterization of genomic regions involved in cancer should include multiple genetic levels, such as DNA copy number alterations and mRNA gene expression, and could lead to a better molecular understanding. In this study, OSR2 is identified as a potential biomarker for survival prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Uysal
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Karl-Friedrich Kowalewski
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Ralph Wirtz
- STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, Köln, Germany
| | - Zoran V. Popovic
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Erben
- Department of Urology and Urosurgery, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Baumhoer D, Harder D, Ameline B, Dawson H, Kollar A. Metastasizing chondroblastoma: a rare bone tumor no longer supported by the WHO classification. Skeletal Radiol 2021; 50:255-260. [PMID: 32594198 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-020-03525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, tumors showing hematogenous spread in less than 2% of cases are categorized as "rarely metastasizing" and constitute a group of neoplasms of intermediate malignancy. Since its introduction in 2002, chondroblastoma has been considered one of the prototypic examples of this category of lesions. In the fifth and only recently published edition of the WHO classification of bone and soft tissue tumors, however, chondroblastoma was re-classified from rarely metastasizing to benign due to the rarity of cases with systemic spread. Here, we present a remarkable case of a 54-year-old male who presented with an expansile tumor in his left acromion that was diagnosed as chondroblastoma following biopsy. Three years later a local recurrence was noted during routine follow-up and a bone scan detected hypermetabolic lesions in a rib and the thoracic spine. Over time, he developed multifocal skeletal spread as well as soft tissue and pulmonary metastases, which histologically all revealed conventional chondroblastoma morphology and the highly specific H3-3B point mutation (p.Lys36Met). Thirteen years after initial diagnosis he is currently treated with experimental immunotherapy and shows stable but disseminated disease. Our case highlights that although metastasizing chondroblastoma is rare, potential systemic spread should be kept in mind in patients with chondroblastoma despite the new WHO classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumor Reference Center at the Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schoenbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Dorothee Harder
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Ameline
- Bone Tumor Reference Center at the Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Schoenbeinstrasse 40, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heather Dawson
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Attila Kollar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Wang XQ, Wang XQ, Hsu ATYW, Goytain A, Ng TLT, Nielsen TO. A Rapid and Cost-Effective Gene Expression Assay for the Diagnosis of Well-Differentiated and Dedifferentiated Liposarcomas. J Mol Diagn 2020; 23:274-284. [PMID: 33346147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histologic examination neither reliably distinguishes benign lipomas from atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma, nor dedifferentiated liposarcoma from other pleomorphic sarcomas, entities with different prognoses and management. Molecular confirmation of pathognomonic 12q13-15 amplifications leading to MDM2 overexpression is a diagnostic gold standard. Currently the most commonly used assay for this purpose is fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), but this is labor intensive. This study assessed whether newer NanoString-based technology could allow for more rapid and cost-efficient diagnosis of liposarcomas on standard formalin-fixed tissues through gene expression. Leveraging large-scale transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, 20 genes were identified, most from the 12q13-15 amplicon, that distinguish dedifferentiated liposarcoma from other sarcomas and can be measured within a single NanoString assay. Using 21 cases of histologically ambiguous low-grade adipocytic tumors with available MDM2 amplification status, a machine learning-based analytical pipeline was built that assigns a given sample as negative or positive for liposarcoma based on quantitative gene expression. The effectiveness of the assay was validated on an independent set of 100 sarcoma samples (including 40 incident prospective cases), where histologic examination was considered insufficient for clinical diagnosis. The NanoString assay had a 93% technical success rate, and an accuracy of 97.8% versus an MDM2 amplification FISH gold standard. NanoString had a considerably faster turnaround time and was cheaper than FISH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Q Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xue Q Wang
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anika T Y W Hsu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Angela Goytain
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tony L T Ng
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Torsten O Nielsen
- Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Impact of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) amplification on the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 184:311-324. [PMID: 32852708 PMCID: PMC7599145 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Various aberrations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor genes FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 are found in different cancers, including breast cancer (BC). This study analyzed the impact of FGFR amplification on the BC prognosis. Methods The study included 894 BC patients. The amplification rates of FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3 were evaluated on tissue microarrays using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Associations between these parameters and prognosis were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results FGFR1 FISH was assessable in 503 samples, FGFR2 FISH in 447, and FGFR3 FISH in 562. The FGFR1 amplification rate was 6.6% (n = 33). Increased FGFR2 copy numbers were seen in 0.9% (n = 4); only one patient had FGFR3 amplification (0.2%). Most patients with FGFR1 amplification had luminal B-like tumors (69.7%, n = 23); only 32.6% (n = 153) of patients without FGFR1 amplification had luminal B-like BC. Other patient and tumor characteristics appeared similar between these two groups. Observed outcome differences between BC patients with and without FGFR1 amplification did not achieve statistical significance; however, there was a trend toward poorer distant metastasis-free survival in BC patients with FGFR1 amplification (HR = 2.08; 95% CI 0.98 to 4.39, P = 0.05). Conclusion FGFR1 amplification occurs most frequently in patients with luminal B-like BC. The study showed a nonsignificant correlation with the prognosis, probably due to the small sample size. Further research is therefore needed to address the role of FGFR1 amplifications in early BC patients. FGFR2 and FGFR3 amplifications are rare in patients with primary BC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-020-05865-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Futami T, Kawase T, Mori K, Asaumi M, Kihara R, Shindoh N, Kuromitsu S. Identification of a novel oncogenic mutation of FGFR4 in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14627. [PMID: 31601997 PMCID: PMC6787178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Despite intensive investigations of treatments over the past three decades, the poor prognosis of patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer has not significantly changed, and improved therapies are required. Here, we report the identification of an oncogenic mutation in FGFR4 in a human gastric tumour that leads to constitutive activation of its product, FGFR4. The G636C-FGFR4 tyrosine kinase domain mutation was found in 1 of 83 primary human gastric tumours. The G636C mutation increased FGFR4 autophosphorylation, and activated FGFR4 downstream signalling molecules and enhanced anchorage-independent cell growth when expressed in NIH/3T3 cells. 3D-structural analysis and modelling of FGFR4 suggest that G636C destabilizes an auto-inhibitory conformation and stabilizes an active conformation, leading to increased kinase activation. Ba/F3 cell lines expressing the G636C-FGFR4 mutant were significantly more sensitive to ASP5878, a selective FGFR inhibitor, than the control. Oral administration of ASP5878 significantly inhibited the growth of tumours in mice engrafted with G636C-FGFR4/3T3 cells. Together, our results demonstrate that mutationally activated FGFR4 acts as an oncoprotein. These findings support the therapeutic targeting of FGFR4 in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Futami
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Kawase
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mori
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Makoto Asaumi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Rumi Kihara
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shindoh
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sadao Kuromitsu
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Ibaraki, Japan
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Katoh M. Fibroblast growth factor receptors as treatment targets in clinical oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2018; 16:105-122. [DOI: 10.1038/s41571-018-0115-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Felicio PS, Bidinotto LT, Melendez ME, Grasel RS, Campacci N, Galvão HCR, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Dufloth RM, Evangelista AF, Palmero EI. Genetic alterations detected by comparative genomic hybridization in BRCAX breast and ovarian cancers of Brazilian population. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27525-27534. [PMID: 29938003 PMCID: PMC6007956 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background About 5–10% of breast/ovarian cancers are hereditary. However, for a large proportion of cases (around 50%), the genetic cause remains unknown. These cases are grouped in a separated BRCAX category. The aim of this study was to identify genomic alterations in BRCA1/BRCA2 wild-type tumor samples from women with family history strongly suggestive of hereditary breast/ovarian cancer. Results A cohort of 31 Brazilian women was included in the study. Using the GISTIC algorithm, we identified 20 regions with genomic gains and 31 with losses. The most frequent altered regions were 1q21.2, 6p22.1 and 8p23.3 in breast tumors and Xq26 and Xp22.32-22.31 among the ovarian cancer cases. An interesting association identified was the loss of 22q13.31-13.32 and the presence of ovarian cancer cases. Among the genes present in the frequently altered regions, we found FGFR1, NSMCE2, CTTN, CRLF2, ERBB2, STARD3, MIR3201 and several genes of RAET and ULBP family. Conclusions In conclusion, our results suggest that alterations on chromosomes 1, 6, 8 and X are common on BRCAX tumors and that the loss on 22q can be associated with the presence of ovarian cancer. Methods DNA copy number alterations were analyzed by 60K array comparative genomic hybridization in breast and ovarian FFPE tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Silva Felicio
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Tadeu Bidinotto
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences-FACISB, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Natalia Campacci
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Edenir Inêz Palmero
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Barretos School of Health Sciences-FACISB, Barretos, SP, Brazil
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Development of mammary hyperplasia, dysplasia, and invasive ductal carcinoma in transgenic mice expressing the 8p11 amplicon oncogene NSD3. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 164:349-358. [PMID: 28484924 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE NSD3 has been implicated as a candidate driver oncogene from the 8p11-p12 locus, and we have previously published evidence for its amplification and overexpression in human breast cancer. This aim of this study was to further characterize the transforming function of NSD3 in vivo. METHODS We generated a transgenic mouse model in which NSD3 gene expression was driven by the MMTV promoter and expressed in mammary epithelium of FVB mice. Mammary glands were fixed and whole mounts were stained with carmine to visualize gland structure. Mammary tumors were formalin-fixed, and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumors were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS Pups born to transgenic females were significantly underdeveloped compared to pups born to WT females due to a lactation defect in transgenic female mice. Whole mount analysis of the mammary glands of transgenic female mice revealed a profound defect in functional differentiation of mammary gland alveoli that resulted in the lactation defect. We followed parous and virgin NSD3 transgenic and control mice to 50 weeks of age and observed that several NSD3 parous females developed mammary tumors. Whole mount analysis of the mammary glands of tumor-bearing mice revealed numerous areas of mammary hyperplasia and ductal dysplasia. Histological analysis showed that mammary tumors were high-grade ductal carcinomas, and lesions present in other mammary glands exhibited features of alveolar hyperplasia, ductal dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ. CONCLUSIONS Our results are consistent with our previous studies and demonstrate that NSD3 is a transforming breast cancer oncogene.
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