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Herbst J, Vohl V, Krajina M, Leffers M, Kropidlowski J, Prieske K, Jaeger A, Oliveira Ferrer L, Schmalfeldt B, Goy Y, Burandt E, Pantel K, Vollmert C, Sartori A, Woelber L, Effenberger K, Wikman H. Detection of Multiple HPV Types in Liquid Biopsies of Cervical Neoplasia. Clin Chem 2024; 70:285-296. [PMID: 38175596 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvad182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 95% of cervical cancers and their precancerous lesions are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Cell-free (cf) HPV DNA detection in blood samples may serve as a monitoring tool for cervical cancer. METHODS In our methodological study, an HPV panel for simultaneous detection of 24 types using mass spectrometry-based analysis was developed for liquid biopsy approaches and tested on HPV positive cell lines, plasmid controls, and cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in positive smear samples (n = 52). It was validated in cfDNA blood samples (n = 40) of cervical cancer patients. RESULTS The HPV panel showed proficient results in cell lines and viral plasmids with a limit of detection of 1 IU (international units)/µL for HPV16/18 and 10GE/µL for HPV11/31/33/39/45/51/52/58/59 and a specificity of 100% for the tested HPV types. In cervical smear samples, HPV DNA was detected with a sensitivity of 98.14%. The overall agreement between the new HPV panel and clinical records was 97.2% (κ = 0.84). In cervical cancer cfDNA, 26/40 (65.0%) tested positive for any HPV type, with most infections due to hrHPV (24/26). HPV positive samples were found in all FIGO stages, with the highest positivity ratio in FIGO III and IV. Even the lowest stage, FIGO I, had 12/23 (52.2%) patients with a positive HPV plasma status. CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-concept paper shows that the described assay produces reliable results for detecting HPV types in a multiplex mass spectrometry-based assay in cervical smear and cfDNA with high specificity and sensitivity in both cohorts. The assay shows potential for liquid biopsy-based applications in monitoring cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Herbst
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Vohl
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Markus Leffers
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jolanthe Kropidlowski
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Prieske
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Jaeger
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yvonne Goy
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Linn Woelber
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Effenberger
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Institute of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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