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Graham TR, Nienhuis ET, Reynolds JG, Marcial J, Loring JS, Rosso KM, Pearce CI. Sodium site occupancy and phosphate speciation in natrophosphate are invariant to changes in NaF and Na 3PO 4 concentration. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of multimodal characterization of Natrophosphate suggests that the crystalline structure is preserved across a range of synthesis conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent R. Graham
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Emily T. Nienhuis
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Jacob G. Reynolds
- Washington River Protection Solutions, LLC, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Jose Marcial
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - John S. Loring
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Kevin M. Rosso
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Carolyn I. Pearce
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, USA
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2
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Bräuniger T, Bielec P, Zeman OEO, Moudrakovski IL, Hoch C, Schnick W. Synthesis of the scandium chloride hydrates ScCl3·3H2O and Sc2Cl4(OH)2·12H2O and their characterisation by X-ray diffraction, 45Sc NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION B-A JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2021-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The compounds ScCl3·3H2O (SCTH) and [{Sc(H2O)5(μ-OH)}2]Cl4·2H2O (SCOH), have been synthesised and characterised by single-crystal XRD, 45Sc NMR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, with the crystal structure of SCTH reported here for the first time. From 45Sc NMR measurements under static and MAS conditions, both chemical shift and quadrupolar coupling parameters have been determined. The quadrupolar coupling constants χ for the octahedrally coordinated scandium sites in SCTH are 2.0 ± 0.1 MHz for Sc(1) and 3.81 ± 0.05 MHz for Sc(2). For SCOH, where the hepta-coordination of the single scandium site constitutes a less symmetric electronic environment, 14.68 ± 0.05 MHz was found. DFT calculations for the static SCTH structure consistently overestimate the quadrupolar coupling constants, indicating the possible presence of crystal water dynamics on the NMR time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry , University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Philipp Bielec
- Department of Chemistry , University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Otto E. O. Zeman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Igor L. Moudrakovski
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid-State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Constantin Hoch
- Department of Chemistry , University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry , University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5–13, 81377 Munich , Germany
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3
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Zeman OEO, Moudrakovski IL, Hartmann C, Indris S, Bräuniger T. Local Electronic Structure in AlN Studied by Single-Crystal 27Al and 14N NMR and DFT Calculations. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030469. [PMID: 31979083 PMCID: PMC7037746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the chemical shift and quadrupole coupling tensors for 14N and 27Al in the wurtzite structure of aluminum nitride have been determined to high precision by single-crystal NMR spectroscopy. A homoepitaxially grown AlN single crystal with known morphology was used, which allowed for optical alignment of the crystal on the goniometer axis. From the analysis of the rotation patterns of 14N (I=1) and 27Al (I=5/2), the quadrupolar coupling constants were determined to χ(14N)=(8.19±0.02) kHz, and χ(27Al)=(1.914±0.001) MHz. The chemical shift parameters obtained from the data fit were δiso=−(292.6±0.6) ppm and δΔ=−(1.9±1.1) ppm for 14N, and (after correcting for the second-order quadrupolar shift) δiso=(113.6±0.3) ppm and δΔ=(12.7±0.6) ppm for 27Al. DFT calculations of the NMR parameters for non-optimized crystal geometries of AlN generally did not match the experimental values, whereas optimized geometries came close for 27Al with χ¯calc=(1.791±0.003) MHz, but not for 14N with χ¯calc=−(19.5±3.3) kHz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otto E. O. Zeman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Igor L. Moudrakovski
- Max-Planck-Institut for Solid-State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Carsten Hartmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung (IKZ), Max-Born-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Sylvio Indris
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (T.B.); Tel.: +49-721-608-28508 (S.I.); +49-89-2180-77433 (T.B.)
| | - Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (T.B.); Tel.: +49-721-608-28508 (S.I.); +49-89-2180-77433 (T.B.)
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Kanwal N, Colaux H, Dawson DM, Nishiyama Y, Ashbrook SE. Sensitivity improvement in 5QMAS NMR experiments using FAM-N pulses. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 100:1-10. [PMID: 30903912 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning (MQMAS) experiment is a popular choice for obtaining high-resolution solid-state NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei with half-integer spin quantum number. However, its inherently poor sensitivity limits its application in more challenging systems. In particular, the use of higher-order multiple-quantum coherences, which have the potential to provide higher resolution in the isotropic spectrum, results in a further decrease in sensitivity. Here we extend our recent work, which introduced an automated, high-throughput approach to generate amplitude-modulated composite pulses (termed FAM-N) to improve the efficiency of the conversion of three-quantum coherences, and explore the use of similar pulses in five-quantum MAS experiments. We consider three different approaches, and are able to demonstrate that all three provide good enhancements over single pulse conversion in all but the most extreme cases, and work well at a range of spinning rates. We show that FAM-N pulses are robust to variation in the quadrupolar coupling and rf nutation rate, demonstrating their applicability in multisite systems and systems where direct experimental optimisation of complex composite pulses is not feasible. This work will ease the implementation of higher-order MQMAS experiments and enable their application to materials and systems that were previously deemed too difficult to study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasima Kanwal
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Henri Colaux
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Center for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Daniel M Dawson
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Yusuke Nishiyama
- RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; JEOL RESONANCE Inc., Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo, 196-8558, Japan; NMR Science and Development Division, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Sharon E Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK.
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Giovine R, Volkringer C, Ashbrook SE, Trébosc J, McKay D, Loiseau T, Amoureux J, Lafon O, Pourpoint F. Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy Proves the Presence of Penta‐coordinated Sc Sites in MIL‐100(Sc). Chemistry 2017; 23:9525-9534. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raynald Giovine
- Univ. LilleCNRS, ENSCLCentrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCSUnité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
| | - Christophe Volkringer
- Univ. LilleCNRS, ENSCLCentrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCSUnité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
- Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue Descartes 75231 Paris Cedex 5 France
| | - Sharon E. Ashbrook
- EaStCHEM and School of ChemistryUniversity of St. Andrews, Purdie Building North Haugh St. Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. LilleCNRS, ENSCLCentrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCSUnité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
| | - David McKay
- EaStCHEM and School of ChemistryUniversity of St. Andrews, Purdie Building North Haugh St. Andrews Fife KY16 9ST UK
| | - Thierry Loiseau
- Univ. LilleCNRS, ENSCLCentrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCSUnité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
| | - Jean‐Paul Amoureux
- Univ. LilleCNRS, ENSCLCentrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCSUnité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
- Bruker, Biospin Wissembourg France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. LilleCNRS, ENSCLCentrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCSUnité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
- Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue Descartes 75231 Paris Cedex 5 France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. LilleCNRS, ENSCLCentrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181—UCCSUnité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide F-59000 Lille France
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Bräuniger T, Groh B, Moudrakovski IL, Indris S. Local Electronic Structure in γ-LiAlO 2 Studied by Single-Crystal 27Al NMR and DFT Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:7839-7846. [PMID: 27680973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b07286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
From single-crystal 27Al NMR experiments, the full tensors for both the electrical field gradient (EFG) and the chemical shift (CS) for the aluminum atoms in γ-LiAlO2 have been determined. A simultaneous fit of the quadrupolar splittings observed for the four 27Al in the unit cell gave the EFG tensor in the crystal frame, from which a quadrupolar coupling constant of χ = CQ = 3.330 ± 0.005 MHz and an asymmetry parameter of ηQ = 0.656 ± 0.002 were derived. The experimentally determined quadrupolar splittings were sufficiently sensitive to quantify small deviations of both rotation axis direction and starting direction by the data fitting routine. For determination of the CS tensor, the evolution of the outer satellite centers over the crystal rotation was tracked, and the contribution of the quadrupolar shift was subtracted according to the previously determined EFG tensor. The resulting CS tensor of 27Al yields an isotropic chemical shift of δiso = 81.8 ± 0.25 ppm and an asymmetry parameter of ηCS = 0.532 ± 0.004, in good agreement with the fit of a MAS NMR spectrum acquired at B0 = 21.1 T. From both experiments and DFT calculations using the Castep code, we find the eigenvectors of the EFG and CS tensors to be practically colinear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Groh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Igor L Moudrakovski
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid-State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sylvio Indris
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Oikawa I, Takamura H. 45Sc NMR spectroscopy and first-principles calculation on the symmetry of ScO6 polyhedra in BaO–Sc2O3-based oxides. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:9714-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00426d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Bräuniger T, Jansen M. Solid-state NMR Spectroscopy of Quadrupolar Nuclei in Inorganic Chemistry. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Bonhomme C, Gervais C, Babonneau F, Coelho C, Pourpoint F, Azaïs T, Ashbrook SE, Griffin JM, Yates JR, Mauri F, Pickard CJ. First-principles calculation of NMR parameters using the gauge including projector augmented wave method: a chemist's point of view. Chem Rev 2012; 112:5733-79. [PMID: 23113537 DOI: 10.1021/cr300108a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bonhomme
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR, Collège de France, France.
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Chandran CV, Hempel G, Bräuniger T. 19F-decoupling of half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state NMR: application of frequency-swept decoupling methods. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2011; 40:84-87. [PMID: 21856132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In solid-state NMR studies of minerals and ion conductors, quadrupolar nuclei like (7)Li, (23)Na or (133)Cs are frequently situated in close proximity to fluorine, so that application of (19)F decoupling is beneficial for spectral resolution. Here, we compare the decoupling efficiency of various multi-pulse decoupling sequences by acquiring (19)F-decoupled (23)Na-NMR spectra of cryolite (Na(3)AlF(6)). Whereas the MAS spectrum is only marginally affected by application of (19)F decoupling, the 3Q-filtered (23)Na signal is very sensitive to it, as the de-phasing caused by the dipolar interaction between sodium and fluorine is three-fold magnified. Experimentally, we find that at moderate MAS speeds, the decoupling efficiencies of the frequency-swept decoupling schemes SW(f)-TPPM and SW(f)-SPINAL are significantly better than the conventional TPPM and SPINAL sequences. The frequency-swept sequences are therefore the methods of choice for efficient decoupling of quadrupolar nuclei with half-integer spin from fluorine.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vinod Chandran
- Max-Planck-Institute of Solid-State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
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Charpentier T. The PAW/GIPAW approach for computing NMR parameters: a new dimension added to NMR study of solids. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2011; 40:1-20. [PMID: 21612895 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 04/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In 2001, Mauri and Pickard introduced the gauge including projected augmented wave (GIPAW) method that enabled for the first time the calculation of all-electron NMR parameters in solids, i.e. accounting for periodic boundary conditions. The GIPAW method roots in the plane wave pseudopotential formalism of the density functional theory (DFT), and avoids the use of the cluster approximation. This method has undoubtedly revitalized the interest in quantum chemical calculations in the solid-state NMR community. It has quickly evolved and improved so that the calculation of the key components of NMR interactions, namely the shielding and electric field gradient tensors, has now become a routine for most of the common nuclei studied in NMR. Availability of reliable implementations in several software packages (CASTEP, Quantum Espresso, PARATEC) make its usage more and more increasingly popular, maybe indispensable in near future for all material NMR studies. The majority of nuclei of the periodic table have already been investigated by GIPAW, and because of its high accuracy it is quickly becoming an essential tool for interpreting and understanding experimental NMR spectra, providing reliable assignments of the observed resonances to crystallographic sites or enabling a priori prediction of NMR data. The continuous increase of computing power makes ever larger (and thus more realistic) systems amenable to first-principles analysis. In the near future perspectives, as the incorporation of dynamical effects and/or disorder are still at their early developments, these areas will certainly be the prime target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Charpentier
- CEA, IRAMIS, SIS2M, Laboratoire de Structure et Dynamique par Résonance Magnétique, UMR CEA-CNRS 3299, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
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Bräuniger T, Chandran C, Wedig U, Jansen M. NMR Chemical Shift and Quadrupolar Interaction Parameters of Carbon-Coordinated 27Al in Aluminium Carbide, Al4C3. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bjornsson R, Früchtl H, Bühl M. 51V NMR parameters of VOCl3: static and dynamic density functional study from the gas phase to the bulk. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:619-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01176b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chandran CV, Madhu PK, Wormald P, Bräuniger T. Frequency-swept pulse sequences for 19F heteronuclear spin decoupling in solid-state NMR. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2010; 206:255-263. [PMID: 20729111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Heteronuclear spin decoupling pulse sequences in solid-state NMR have mostly been designed and applied for irradiating 1H as the abundant nucleus. Here, a systematic comparison of different methods for decoupling 19F in rigid organic solids is presented, with a special emphasis on the recently introduced frequency-swept sequences. An extensive series of NMR experiments at different MAS frequencies was conducted on fluorinated model compounds, in combination with large sets of numerical simulations. From both experiments and simulations it can be concluded that the frequency-swept sequences SWf-TPPM and SWf-SPINAL deliver better and more robust spin decoupling than the original sequences SPINAL and TPPM. Whereas the existence of a large chemical shift anisotropy and isotropic shift dispersion for 19F does compromise the decoupling efficiency, the relative performance hierarchy of the sequences remains unaffected. Therefore, in the context of rigid organic solids under moderate MAS frequencies, the performance trends observed for 19F decoupling are very similar to those observed for 1H decoupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vinod Chandran
- Max-Planck-Institute of Solid-State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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