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Negi M, Kaushik N, Lamichhane P, Jaiswal A, Borkar SB, Patel P, Singh P, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Biocompatible plasma-treated liquids: A sustainable approach for decontaminating gastrointestinal-infection causing pathogens. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134562. [PMID: 38743977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Nosocomial infections are a serious threat and difficult to cure due to rising antibiotic resistance in pathogens and biofilms. Direct exposure to cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been widely employed in numerous biological research endeavors. Nonetheless, plasma-treated liquids (PTLs) formulated with physiological solutions may offer additional benefits such as enhanced portability, and biocompatibility. Additionally, CAP-infused long-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) such as nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can synergistically induce their antibacterial activity. Herein, we investigated those argon-plasma jet-treated liquids, including Ringer's lactate (RL), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and physiological saline, have significant antibacterial activity against nosocomial/gastrointestinal-causing pathogens, which might be due to ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation. Combining the conventional culture-based method with propidium iodide monoazide quantitative PCR (PMAxx™-qPCR) indicated that PTLs induce a minimal viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state and moderately affect culturable counts. Specifically, the PTL exposure resulted in pathogenicity dysfunction via controlling T3SS-related effector genes of S. enterica. Overall, this study provides insights into the effectiveness of PTLs for inducing ROS-mediated damage, controlling the virulence of diarrheagenic bacteria, and modulating homeostatic genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manorma Negi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, South Korea.
| | - Prajwal Lamichhane
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Apurva Jaiswal
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Shweta B Borkar
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Paritosh Patel
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, South Korea.
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2
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Li S, Schröder M, Prudlik A, Shi X, Spannenberg A, Rabeah J, Francke R, Corzilius B, Reiß F, Beweries T. A General Concept for the Electronic and Steric Modification of 1-Metallacyclobuta-2,3-dienes: A Case Study of Group 4 Metallocene Complexes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400708. [PMID: 38529695 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of group 4 metal 1-metallacyclobuta-2,3-dienes as organometallic analogues of elusive 1,2-cyclobutadiene has so far been limited to SiMe3 substituted examples. We present the synthesis of two Ph substituted dilithiated ligand precursors for the preparation of four new 1-metallacyclobuta-2,3-dienes [rac-(ebthi)M] (M=Ti, Zr; ebthi=1,2-ethylene-1,10-bis(η5-tetrahydroindenyl)). The organolithium compounds [Li2(RC3Ph)] (1 b: R=Ph, 1 c: R=SiMe3) as well as the metallacycles of the general formula [rac-(ebthi)M(R1C3R2)] (2 b: M=Ti, R1=R2=Ph, 2 c: M=Ti, R1=Ph, R2=SiMe3; 3 b: M=Zr, R1=R2=Ph; 3 c: M=Zr, R1=Ph, R2=SiMe3) were fully characterised. Single crystal X-ray diffraction and quantum chemical bond analysis of the Ti and Zr complexes reveal ligand influence on the biradicaloid character of the titanocene complexes. X-band EPR spectroscopy of structurally similar Ti complexes [rac-(ebthi)Ti(Me3SiC3SiMe3)] (2 a), 2 b, and 2 c was carried out to evaluate the accessibility of an EPR active triplet state. Cyclic voltammetry shows that introduction of Ph groups renders the complexes easier to reduce. 13C CPMAS NMR analysis provides insights into the cause of the low field shift of the resonances of metal-bonded carbon atoms and provides evidence of the absence of the β-C-Ti interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Li
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Mirjam Schröder
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Department LL&M, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Adrian Prudlik
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xinzhe Shi
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Anke Spannenberg
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jabor Rabeah
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robert Francke
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Institute of Chemistry, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Department LL&M, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Fabian Reiß
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Torsten Beweries
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- University of Rostock, Department LL&M, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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3
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Rosenboom J, Taube F, Teichmeier L, Villinger A, Reinhard M, Demeshko S, Bennati M, Bresien J, Corzilius B, Schulz A. Rational Design of a Phosphorus-Centered Disbiradical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318210. [PMID: 38117661 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus-centered disbiradicals, in which the radical sites exist as individual spin doublets with weak spin-spin interaction have not been known so far. Starting from monoradicals of the type [⋅P(μ-NTer)2 P-R], we have now succeeded in linking two such monoradical phosphorus centers by appropriate choice of a linker. To this end, biradical [⋅P(μ-NTer)2 P⋅] (1) was treated with 1,6-dibromohexane, affording the brominated species {Br[P(μ-NTer)]2 }2 C6 H12 (3). Subsequent reduction with KC8 led to the formation of the disbiradical {⋅[P(μ-NTer)]2 }2 C6 H12 (4) featuring a large distance between the radical phosphorus sites in the solid state and formally the highest biradical character observed in a P-centered biradical so far, approaching 100 %. EPR spectroscopy revealed a three-line signal in solution with a considerably larger exchange interaction than would be expected from the molecular structure of the single crystal. Quantum chemical calculations revealed a highly dynamic conformational space; thus, the two radical sites can approach each other with a much smaller distance in solution. Further reduction of 4 resulted in the formation of a potassium salt featuring the first structurally characterized P-centered distonic radical anion (5- ). Moreover, 4 could be used in small molecule activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rosenboom
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Florian Taube
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Leon Teichmeier
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Maik Reinhard
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 4/6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- MPINAT, Research Group ESR Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 4/6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marina Bennati
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 4/6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- MPINAT, Research Group ESR Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Bresien
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Department Life, Light & Matter, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 25, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Axel Schulz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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4
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Järsvall E, Biskup T, Zhang Y, Kroon R, Barlow S, Marder SR, Müller C. Double Doping of a Low-Ionization-Energy Polythiophene with a Molybdenum Dithiolene Complex. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:5673-5679. [PMID: 35782206 PMCID: PMC9245179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Doping of organic semiconductors is crucial for tuning the charge-carrier density of conjugated polymers. The exchange of more than one electron between a monomeric dopant and an organic semiconductor allows the polaron density to be increased relative to the number of counterions that are introduced into the host matrix. Here, a molybdenum dithiolene complex with a high electron affinity of 5.5 eV is shown to accept two electrons from a polythiophene that has a low ionization energy of 4.7 eV. Double p-doping is consistent with the ability of the monoanion salt of the molybdenum dithiolene complex to dope the polymer. The transfer of two electrons to the neutral dopant was also confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy since the monoanion, but not the dianion, of the molybdenum dithiolene complex features an unpaired electron. Double doping allowed an ionization efficiency of 200% to be reached, which facilitates the design of strongly doped semiconductors while lessening any counterion-induced disruption of the nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy Järsvall
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Till Biskup
- Physical
Chemistry, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Yadong Zhang
- Georgia
Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and
Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Institute, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Renee Kroon
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Linköping
University, 60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Stephen Barlow
- Georgia
Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and
Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Institute, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Seth R. Marder
- Georgia
Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and
Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
- Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Institute, University
of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Departments
of Chemical and Biological Engineering and of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Christian Müller
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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