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Novák J, Frynta D, Nováková D, Patoka J. Social deprivation in maternal mouthbrooders Tropheus sp. "Caramba" (Teleostei: Cichlidae) decreases the success rate of reproduction and survival rate of fish fry. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8284. [PMID: 37217600 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Early offspring separation from mothers causes social deprivation. Mouthbrooding, when eggs and fry are incubated in the buccal cavity of the parent, is one of the reproductive strategies in fish. The mother is the incubating parent in African lake cichlids from the genus Tropheus. Many of these are produced in captivity and some producers use artificial incubators in which eggs are incubated separately from the mother. We hypothesized that this practice may dramatically modify the reproduction rate of fish individuals produced by the method of artificial incubation. The long-term experiment focused on Tropheus sp. "Caramba" had been carried out for 10 years when maternally incubated and separated individuals were compared. We found a negative effect of artificial egg and offspring incubation out of the mother's buccal cavity. The deprived females laid the same number of eggs as maternally incubated females, but most eggs were lost during the incubation. Moreover, the reproduction frequency was significantly lower in deprived females in comparison with those maternally incubated. This study should be perceived as preliminary. For this reason and with respect to welfare principles, we strongly recommend similarly designed experiments focused on other potentially sensitive fish mouthbrooders. Once the syndrome would be confirmed, we recommend avoiding artificial incubation of mouthbrooding fish in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindřich Novák
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Frynta
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12844, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Nováková
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 12844, Prague, Czech Republic
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 12108, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Patoka
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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Jerikho R, Akmal SG, Hasan V, Novák J, Magalhães ALB, Maceda-Veiga A, Tlusty MF, Rhyne AL, Slavík O, Patoka J. Foreign stingers: South American freshwater river stingrays Potamotrygon spp. established in Indonesia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7255. [PMID: 37142646 PMCID: PMC10160128 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34356-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pet trade is known to be one of the most important pathways of aquatic non-native species introduction and Indonesia is a significant trade partner. Popular ornamental South American river stingrays (Potamotrygon spp.) were introduced to Indonesia in the 1980s and the culture was established. Here we present a detailed Indonesian market and aquaculture survey, the volume of trade between January 2020 and June 2022, and the list of customer countries with the total amount of imported stingrays. Climate similarities between the native range of P. motoro and P. jabuti and Indonesia were analysed. A significant number of areas of Indonesian islands were identified as suitable for the establishment of this species. This was confirmed by the first record of probably established populations in the Brantas River (Java). In total 13 individuals including newborns were captured. The culture of potamotrygonid stingrays is unregulated in Indonesia, and the risk of the establishment of this predator and its potential spread is alarming for wildlife. Moreover, the first case of envenomation caused by Potamotrygon spp. in the wild outside of South America was recorded. The current condition is predicted as the 'tip of the iceberg' and continuous monitoring and mitigation of risks are strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikho Jerikho
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Surya Gentha Akmal
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
- Centre for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, The Institute for Research and Community Service, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Veryl Hasan
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Jindřich Novák
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - André Lincoln Barroso Magalhães
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Biomas Tropicais, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Rua Diogo de Vasconcelos 122, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, 35400-000, Brazil
| | - Alberto Maceda-Veiga
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael F Tlusty
- School for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Andrew L Rhyne
- Department of Biology, Marine Biology, and Environmental Science, Roger Williams University, One Old Ferry Road, Bristol, RI, 02809, USA
| | - Ondřej Slavík
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Patoka
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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