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Faress I, Khalil V, Yamamoto H, Sajgo S, Yonehara K, Nabavi S. Recombinase-independent AAV for anterograde transsynaptic tracing. Mol Brain 2023; 16:66. [PMID: 37715263 PMCID: PMC10504749 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral transsynaptic labeling has become indispensable for investigating the functional connectivity of neural circuits in the mammalian brain. Adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) allows for anterograde transneuronal labeling and manipulation of postsynaptic neurons. However, it is limited to delivering an AAV1 expressing a recombinase which relies on using transgenic animals or genetic access to postsynaptic neurons. We reasoned that a strong expression level could overcome this limitation. To this end, we used a self-complementary AAV of serotype 1 (scAAV1) under a strong promoter (CAG). We demonstrated the anterograde transneuronal efficiency of scAAV1 by delivering a fluorescent marker in mouse retina-superior colliculus and thalamic-amygdala pathways in a recombinase-independent manner in the mouse brain. In addition to investigating neuronal connectivity, anterograde transsynaptic AAVs with a strong promoter may be suitable for functional mapping and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam Faress
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- DANDRITE, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Center for Proteins in Memory-PROMEMO, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Valentina Khalil
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- DANDRITE, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Proteins in Memory-PROMEMO, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Haruka Yamamoto
- DANDRITE, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Szilard Sajgo
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Keisuke Yonehara
- DANDRITE, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
- Multiscale Sensory Structure Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
- Department of Genetics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Mishima, Japan
| | - Sadegh Nabavi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- DANDRITE, The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Proteins in Memory-PROMEMO, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus, Denmark
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Ohmori H, Hirai Y, Matsui R, Watanabe D. High resolution recording of local field currents simultaneously with sound-evoked calcium signals by a photometric patch electrode in the auditory cortex field L of the chick. J Neurosci Methods 2023; 392:109863. [PMID: 37075913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2023.109863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functioning of the brain is based on both electrical and metabolic activity of neural ensembles. Accordingly, it would be useful to measure intracellular metabolic signaling simultaneously with electrical activity in the brain in vivo. NEW METHOD We innovated a PhotoMetric-patch-Electrode (PME) recording system that has a high temporal resolution incorporating a photomultiplier tube as a light detector. The PME is fabricated from a quartz glass capillary to transmit light as a light guide, and it can detect electrical signals as a patch electrode simultaneously with a fluorescence signal. RESULTS We measured the sound-evoked Local Field Current (LFC) and fluorescence Ca2+ signal from neurons labeled with Ca2+-sensitive dye Oregon Green BAPTA1 in field L, the avian auditory cortex. Sound stimulation evoked multi-unit spike bursts and Ca2+ signals, and enhanced the fluctuation of LFC. After a brief sound stimulation, the cross-correlation between LFC and Ca2+ signal was prolonged. D-AP5 (antagonist for NMDA receptors) suppressed the sound-evoked Ca2+ signal when applied locally by pressure from the tip of PME. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS In contrast to existing multiphoton imaging or optical fiber recording methods, the PME is a patch electrode pulled simply from a quartz glass capillary and can measure fluorescence signals at the tip simultaneously with electrical signal at any depth of the brain structure. CONCLUSION The PME is devised to record electrical and optical signals simultaneously with high temporal resolution. Moreover, it can inject chemical agents dissolved in the tip-filling medium locally by pressure, allowing manipulation of neural activity pharmacologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harunori Ohmori
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Yasuharu Hirai
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Matsui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dai Watanabe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Liu Q, Wu Y, Wang H, Jia F, Xu F. Viral Tools for Neural Circuit Tracing. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1508-1518. [PMID: 36136267 PMCID: PMC9723069 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00949-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural circuits provide an anatomical basis for functional networks. Therefore, dissecting the structure of neural circuits is essential to understanding how the brain works. Recombinant neurotropic viruses are important tools for neural circuit tracing with many advantages over non-viral tracers: they allow for anterograde, retrograde, and trans-synaptic delivery of tracers in a cell type-specific, circuit-selective manner. In this review, we summarize the recent developments in the viral tools for neural circuit tracing, discuss the key principles of using viral tools in neuroscience research, and highlight innovations for developing and optimizing viral tools for neural circuit tracing across diverse animal species, including nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huadong Wang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fan Jia
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Ito T, Ono M, Ohmori H. Convergence of bilateral auditory midbrain inputs on neurons in the auditory thalamus of chicken. J Comp Neurol 2022; 531:170-185. [PMID: 36215105 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the avian ascending auditory pathway, the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis (MLd; the auditory midbrain center) receives inputs from virtually all lower brainstem auditory nuclei and sends outputs bilaterally to the nucleus ovoidalis (Ov; the auditory thalamic nucleus). Axons from part of the MLd terminate in a particular domain of Ov, thereby suggesting a formation of segregated pathways point-to-point from lower brainstem nuclei via MLd to the thalamus. However, it has not yet been demonstrated whether any spatial clustering of thalamic neurons that receive inputs from specific domains of MLd exists. Ov neurons receive input from bilateral MLds; however, the degree of laterality has not been reported yet. In this study, we injected a recombinant avian adeno-associated virus, a transsynaptic anterograde vector into the MLd of the chick, and analyzed the distribution of labeled postsynaptic neurons on both sides of the Ov. We found that fluorescent protein-labeled neurons on both sides of the Ov were clustered in domains corresponding to subregions of the MLd. The laterality of projections was calculated as the ratio of neurons labeled by comparing ipsilateral to contralateral projections from the MLd, and it was 1.86 on average, thereby indicating a slight ipsilateral projection dominance. Bilateral inputs from different subdomains of the MLd converged on several single Ov neurons, thereby implying a possibility of a de novo binaural processing of the auditory information in the Ov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsufumi Ito
- Systems Function and Morphology Laboratory, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Munenori Ono
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Harunori Ohmori
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Abstract
The Tabula Gallus is a proposed project that aims to create a map of every cell type in the chicken body and chick embryos. Chickens (Gallus gallus) are one of the most recognized model animals that recapitulate the development and physiology of mammals. The Tabula Gallus will generate a compendium of single-cell transcriptome data from Gallus gallus, characterize each cell type, and provide tools for the study of the biology of this species, similar to other ongoing cell atlas projects (Tabula Muris and Tabula Sapiens/Human Cell Atlas for mice and humans, respectively). The Tabula Gallus will potentially become an international collaboration between many researchers. This project will be useful for the basic scientific study of Gallus gallus and other birds (e.g., cell biology, molecular biology, developmental biology, neuroscience, physiology, oncology, virology, behavior, ecology, and evolution). It will eventually be beneficial for a better understanding of human health and diseases.
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