Pleural Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Primary malignant epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the pleura: A review and report of a novel case

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is considered an uncommon tumor originating from vascular tissues. Although this disease is an extremely rare malignant cancer, its pleural subtype is even less common. We discuss a 68‐year‐old man with isolated pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, along with a literature review of all similar cases.

Primary Pleural Hemangioendothelioma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare tumor of the vascular endothelial cells. It can originate from any tissue; however, it occurs most frequently in the liver and lung. Pleural epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH), EHE developing from pleura, is even more infrequent and less reported in the literature. In the following report, we discuss a 40-year-old man who initially presented with right-sided chest pain. Computed tomography revealed pleural thickening and effusion in his right thoracic cavity. PEH diagnosis was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. In order to provide the readers with an inclusive understanding of the disease, we collected the PEH cases reported in the literature. Despite the scarcity of the reported PEH cases (to our best knowledge), the compiled literature review of the disease enables the readers to grasp a better comprehension of the disease.

Clinico-radiological features and next generation sequencing of pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: A case report and review of literature

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a very rare, vascular, low‐grade malignant tumor found in the lungs, liver, bone, and other soft tissues. Most patients with pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) are asymptomatic but usually present with multiple bilateral nodular lesions in the lungs. Currently, surgical lung biopsy, histology, and immunohistochemical methods are essential for diagnosis. However, there is no standard therapy for the treatment for PEH.

Our paper describes the clinico‐radiologic features and genomics of PEH based on next‐generation sequencing (NGS) in a 43‐year‐old male we encountered. The patient came to the hospital with right chest pain. After investigation, a lesion in the middle lobe of the right lung was found, together with smaller multiple lesions in both lungs. After resection of the lesion, histopathological analysis showed positive findings for PEH. The patient's blood and tumor tissue were sent for NGS analysis for further investigation. Results from the analysis revealed mutations of multiple genes. The information obtained from the genomic analysis of PEH using NGS may be significant for the planning and monitoring of treatment for this disease.