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Clarke L, Arnett S, Lilley K, Liao J, Bhuta S, Broadley SA. Magnetic resonance imaging in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 206:251-265. [PMID: 34080180 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) associated with antibodies to aquaporin-4 (AQP4), which has distinct clinical, radiological and pathological features, but also has some overlap with multiple sclerosis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody associated disease. Early recognition of NMOSD is important because of differing responses to both acute and preventive therapy. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has proved essential in this process. Key MR imaging clues to the diagnosis of NMOSD are longitudinally extensive lesions of the optic nerve (more than half the length) and spinal cord (three or more vertebral segments), bilateral optic nerve lesions and lesions of the optic chiasm, area postrema, floor of the IV ventricle, periaqueductal grey matter, hypothalamus and walls of the III ventricle. Other NMOSD-specific lesions are denoted by their unique morphology: heterogeneous lesions of the corpus callosum, 'cloud-like' gadolinium (Gd)-enhancing white matter lesions and 'bright spotty' lesions of the spinal cord. Other lesions described in NMOSD, including linear periventricular peri-ependymal lesions and patch subcortical white matter lesions, may be less specific. The use of advanced MR imaging techniques is yielding further useful information regarding focal degeneration of the thalamus and optic radiation in NMOSD and suggests that paramagnetic rim patterns and changes in normal appearing white matter are specific to MS. MR imaging is crucial in the early recognition of NMOSD and in directing testing for AQP4 antibodies and guiding immediate acute treatment decisions. Increasingly, MR imaging is playing a role in diagnosing seronegative cases of NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Clarke
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon Arnett
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate Lilley
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacky Liao
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Sandeep Bhuta
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.,Department of Radiology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Simon A Broadley
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, QLD, Australia
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Solomon JM, Paul F, Chien C, Oh J, Rotstein DL. A window into the future? MRI for evaluation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder throughout the disease course. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2021; 14:17562864211014389. [PMID: 34035837 PMCID: PMC8111516 DOI: 10.1177/17562864211014389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system marked by relapses often associated with poor recovery and long-term disability. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recognized as an important tool for timely diagnosis of NMOSD as, in combination with serologic testing, it aids in distinguishing NMOSD from possible mimics. Although the role of MRI for disease monitoring after diagnosis is not as well established, MRI may provide important prognostic information and help differentiate between relapses and pseudorelapses. Increasing evidence of subclinical disease activity and the emergence of newly approved, highly effective immunotherapies for NMOSD adjure us to re-evaluate MRI as a tool to guide optimal treatment selection and escalation throughout the disease course. In this article we review the role of MRI in NMOSD diagnosis, prognostication, disease monitoring, and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Solomon
- University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Chien
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jiwon Oh
- University of Toronto, Department of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dalia L. Rotstein
- St. Michael’s Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Shuter 3-018, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada
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Ma X, Kermode AG, Hu X, Qiu W. Risk of relapse in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Recognition and preventive strategy. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 46:102522. [PMID: 33007726 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that is mainly associated with serum autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) in astrocytes. The relapsing clinical course of NMOSD, which can be blinding and disabling due to severe visual impairment, spinal cord lesions and a group of brain syndromes, suggests the importance of accurately evaluating the likelihood and severity of relapse at an early stage of the disease. To date, many risk factors have been revealed in association with relapse, and only some of them are supported by substantial evidence. Furthermore, while the clinical use of conventional immunosuppressants is mostly empirical, an increasing number of emerging therapies for monoclonal antibodies have been confirmed by several randomized placebo-controlled trials to be effective and safe for relapse prevention. In this review, we summarize the reported risk factors that may influence the frequency, symptoms, severity and prognosis of relapse in NMOSD, as well as the efficacy and safety of emerging therapies for relapse prevention. All of these results enable us to better recognize patients who are at higher risk of relapse and suggest more effective monoclonal antibody therapies for use in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Allan G Kermode
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China; Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia; Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xueqiang Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Rocca MA, Cacciaguerra L, Filippi M. Moving beyond anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies: emerging biomarkers in the spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:601-618. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1764352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Rocca
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Cacciaguerra
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Bigaut K, Lambert C, Kremer L, Lebrun C, Cohen M, Ciron J, Bourre B, Créange A, Kerschen P, Montcuquet A, Carra-Dalliere C, Ayrignac X, Labauge P, de Seze J, Collongues N. Atypical myelitis in patients with multiple sclerosis: Characterization and comparison with typical multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Mult Scler 2020; 27:232-238. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458520906995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Atypical myelitis in multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by extensive myelitis in the longitudinal (longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis) or axial plane (transverse myelitis). Objective: To characterize a cohort of MS patients with atypical myelitis. Methods: Atypical myelitis was extracted from the French and Luxembourg MS databases and compared to two cohorts of MS patients with typical myelitis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) patients with myelitis. Results: We enrolled 28 MS patients with atypical myelitis, 68 MS patients with typical myelitis and 119 NMOSD patients with a first episode of myelitis. MS patients with atypical myelitis were characterized by a mean age of 34.0 (±10.7) years and 64.3% were women. In 82.1% of the patients, atypical myelitis was the first episode of MS. Mean Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores at nadir and 3–6 months after onset were 4.1 ± 2.1 and 3.3 ± 2, respectively. Differences between groups revealed a predominance of cervicothoracic myelitis and a higher level of disability in NMOSD patients. Disability in MS patients with atypical myelitis was more severe than in the MS patients with typical myelitis; 28% had already converted to progressive MS within our mean follow-up of 39.6 (±30.4) months. Conclusion: Atypical myelitis may be the first presentation of MS and is associated with poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bigaut
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Lambert
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Kremer
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Lebrun
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, Université Nice Côte d’Azur, CHU Pasteur 2, Nice, France
| | - M Cohen
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, Université Nice Côte d’Azur, CHU Pasteur 2, Nice, France
| | - J Ciron
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - B Bourre
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - A Créange
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Créteil, Paris, France
| | - P Kerschen
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - A Montcuquet
- Service de Neurologie, CHU de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | | | - X Ayrignac
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - P Labauge
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J de Seze
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - N Collongues
- CRC-SEP, Neurologie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
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Ong ZM, Schee JP, Viswanathan S. Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders and Related Disorders in Resource‐Limited Settings: Outcomes in a Multiethnic Single‐Center Population. Ther Apher Dial 2019; 24:312-323. [DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Miin Ong
- Department of Neurology Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Jie Ping Schee
- Department of Neurology Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Shanthi Viswanathan
- Department of Neurology Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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Mariano R, Messina S, Kumar K, Kuker W, Leite MI, Palace J. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Transverse Myelitis Among Adults With Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody vs Aquaporin-4 Antibody Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e1912732. [PMID: 31596489 PMCID: PMC6802235 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.12732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Recognizing the differences between transverse myelitis (TM) associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody (Ab) disease vs aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-Ab disease and prognosticating patients within each group may be an important factor for better clinical treatment for these respective patients. Objectives To compare the clinical and radiological findings of the first TM episode in patients with MOG-Ab disease vs patients with AQP4-Ab disease and to assess factors associated with worse outcomes and relapse risk. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cross-sectional study used data collected from the Oxford Neuromyelitis Optica Service database, a national service that serves the south of England, including detailed clinical data, and high-quality imaging from within 4 weeks of the first TM episode from patients with MOG-Ab disease or AQP4-Ab disease and a confirmed history of TM from April 2018 to January 2019. Data analyses were conducted from February 2019 to April 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures Onset features of each condition measured using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, time to an EDSS score of 6, time to relapse, and residual sphincter dysfunction at least 6 months after the first TM episode and at last follow-up. Results The total cohort included 115 adult patients, including 46 patients with MOG-Ab disease and 69 patients with AQP4-Ab disease. Patients with AQP4-Ab disease, compared with patients with MOG-Ab disease, tended to be older at onset of disease (mean [SD] age, 48.5 [14.9] years vs 33.7 [1.2] years) and female (57 [83%] women vs 24 [52%] women). Transverse myelitis occurred at onset of disease for 32 patients (70%) with MOG-Ab disease and 57 patients (78%) with AQP4-Ab disease. Onset severity did not differ between groups. An acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-like presentation occurred at the time of the TM in 4 patients (9%) with MOG-Ab disease but no patients with AQP4-Ab disease. Compared with patients with AQP4-Ab disease, patients with MOG-Ab disease were more likely to have short cord lesions (22 patients [48%] vs 10 patients [15%]; P < .001) and multiple cord lesions (18 patients [39%] vs 7 patients [10%]; P < .001). Approximately 50% of patients with MOG-Ab disease had only short cord lesions when the TM occurred as a relapse. Median (range) recovery EDSS score was lower in patients with MOG-Ab disease than patients with AQP4-Ab disease (1.8 [1.0-8.0] vs 3.0 [1.0-8.0]). Persistent bladder dysfunction associated with an increased prevalence of conus lesions occurred more frequently in patients with MOG-Ab disease than in patients with AQP4-Ab disease (27 patients [59%] vs 33 patients [48%]). Long-term catheter requirement was roughly equal between groups (9 patients [20%] vs 16 patients [23%]). Relapses after TM occurred in 17 patients with MOG-Ab disease (37%) and 36 patients with AQP4-Ab disease (52%). Concomitant brainstem lesions in patients with MOG-Ab disease were associated with a higher mean (SD) EDSS score at recovery (3.5 [2.3] vs 1.4 [0.9]; P < .001). In patients with AQP4-Ab disease, those younger than 50 years were more likely to relapse (27 of 36 patients aged <50 years [75%] vs 9 of 33 patients aged ≥50 years [27%]; P < .001) and those 50 years and older were more likely to reach an EDSS score of 6 (19 of 33 patients aged ≥50 years [58%] vs 11 of 36 patients aged <50 years [31%]; P = .03). Conclusions and Relevance This study found that in patients who experienced a TM episode, short and multiple lesions at onset were more common in those with MOG-Ab disease than among those with AQP4-Ab disease. The presence of a brainstem lesion at the time of a TM episode in patients with MOG-Ab disease was associated with a worse recovery. In patients with AQP4-Ab disease, those 50 years and older at disease onset had more disability, and those younger than 50 years at disease onset had more relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Mariano
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Messina
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kurun Kumar
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wilhelm Kuker
- Department of Neuroradiology, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Isabel Leite
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Palace
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Bonnan M, Debeugny S, Mejdoubi M, Cabre P. Predictive value of conventional MRI parameters in first spinal attacks of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Mult Scler 2019; 26:468-475. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458519834857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: While spinal cord (SC) attacks of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are often devastating, signs predictive of their poor clinical outcome have been elusive until now, except for the delay in initiating plasma exchange (PE). Objective: We studied the correlation between conventional non-standardized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters, PE treatment, and clinical data obtained at nadir and recovery. Methods: Retrospective study of first SC attacks of NMOSD. Results: Sixty-nine Afro-Caribbean NMOSD patients were included (aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies positive in 65%). Median nadir and residual expanded disability status score (EDSS) were, respectively, 7.5 and 4.0. In bivariate analysis, all conventional MRI parameters were correlated with nadir and residual EDSS. In multivariate analysis, nadir EDSS correlated with lesion length ( p = 0.022) and edema ( p = 0.019), whereas residual EDSS correlated with T1w (T1-weighted) hypointense signal ( p = 0.003). Gadolinium enhancement was not associated with outcome. Conclusion: A specific pattern of lesions in conventional MRI data is differentially associated with nadir and residual EDSS. Lesions associated with poor prognosis should prompt highly efficient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Bonnan
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier de Pau, Pau, France
| | - Stéphane Debeugny
- Département d’Informatique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier de Pau, Pau, France
| | - Mehdi Mejdoubi
- Service d’Imagerie Médicale, Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman, Fort-de-France, French West Indies
| | - Philippe Cabre
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman, Fort-de-France, French West Indies
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Mealy MA, Mossburg SE, Kim SH, Messina S, Borisow N, Lopez-Gonzalez R, Ospina JP, Scheel M, Yeshokumar AK, Awad A, Leite MI, Arango JJ, Paul F, Palace J, Kim HJ, Levy M. Long-term disability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with a history of myelitis is associated with age at onset, delay in diagnosis/preventive treatment, MRI lesion length and presence of symptomatic brain lesions. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2018; 28:64-68. [PMID: 30554040 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that preferentially targets the spinal cord and optic nerves. Increasing disability is accrued with each inflammatory attack. Disability has been shown to be an independent predictor of poor quality of life in those with NMOSD. Factors associated with increasing disability need further systematic investigation. METHODS We performed a multi-center retrospective chart analysis of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) seropositive NMOSD patients with a history of myelitis seen at five large referral centers for patients with NMOSD worldwide for whom thorough records including relapse history and corresponding imaging were available. Potential contributors to long-term disability were extracted including demographics, radiographic findings, and clinical characteristics. Multivariable regression modeling was conducted to determine correlates of disability in patients with NMOSD, as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). RESULTS One hundred eighty-two AQP4 seropositive patients (88% female) were included in this analysis. Multiple regression modeling revealed that older age at disease onset, delay in diagnosis/preventive treatment, length of longest acute myelitis lesion and presence of symptomatic brain/brainstem lesions were associated with increased disability when holding other variables constant. CONCLUSION While age at onset is a factor that cannot be controlled in NMOSD, we can reduce the delay in diagnosis/preventive treatment and reduce future relapses in the brain/brainstem and spinal cord. Delay in diagnosis/preventive treatment and imaging variables that contributed to increased disability support the need for improved measures for early, accurate diagnosis and management of NMOSD, and aggressive treatment of acute relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A Mealy
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | - Su-Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Silvia Messina
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nadja Borisow
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Juan Pablo Ospina
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Scheel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anusha K Yeshokumar
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Neurology, New York, NY
| | - Amine Awad
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M Isabel Leite
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - JorgeA Jimenez Arango
- University of Antioquia, Department of Neurology, Neuroclinica, Medellín, CO, Colombia
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany; Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Palace
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ho Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Michael Levy
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Geraldes R, Ciccarelli O, Barkhof F, De Stefano N, Enzinger C, Filippi M, Hofer M, Paul F, Preziosa P, Rovira A, DeLuca GC, Kappos L, Yousry T, Fazekas F, Frederiksen J, Gasperini C, Sastre-Garriga J, Evangelou N, Palace J. The current role of MRI in differentiating multiple sclerosis from its imaging mimics. Nat Rev Neurol 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2018.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Yoshikura N, Kimura A, Hayashi Y, Inuzuka T. Anti-C1q autoantibodies in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 310:150-157. [PMID: 28756870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We examined anti-complement C1q (C1q) autoantibody levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). We analyzed the correlations between anti-C1q autoantibody levels and the clinical and other CSF characteristics of NMOSD. Serum and CSF anti-C1q autoantibody levels increased during the acute phase of NMOSD, reverting to the same levels as controls during remission. CSF anti-C1q autoantibody levels during the acute phase correlated with several markers reflecting disease severity, Expanded Disability Status Scale worsening, spinal cord lesion length in cases with myelitis, CSF protein and interleukin-6 levels, and CSF/serum albumin ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Yoshikura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.
| | - Akio Kimura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hayashi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan
| | - Takashi Inuzuka
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan
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12
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Seok JM, Cho EB, Lee HL, Cho HJ, Min JH, Lee KH, Kim BJ. Clinical characteristics of disabling attacks at onset in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. J Neurol Sci 2016; 368:209-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Imaging features and differentials in surfer’s myelopathy: a case report. Emerg Radiol 2015; 23:89-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10140-015-1346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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