1
|
Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lou F, Zhang Y, Song N, Ji D, Gao T. Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Insights into Phylogeny and Positively Selected Genes of Sillago Species. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040633. [PMID: 32272562 PMCID: PMC7222750 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sillago species lives in the demersal environments and face multiple stressors, such as localized oxygen depletion, sulfide accumulation, and high turbidity. In this study, we performed transcriptome analyses of seven Sillago species to provide insights into the phylogeny and positively selected genes of this species. After de novo assembly, 82,024, 58,102, 63,807, 85,990, 102,185, 69,748, and 102,903 unigenes were generated from S. japonica, S. aeolus, S. sp.1, S. sihama, S. sp.2, S. parvisquamis, and S. sinica, respectively. Furthermore, 140 shared orthologous exon markers were identified and then applied to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of the seven Sillago species. The reconstructed phylogenetic structure was significantly congruent with the prevailing morphological and molecular biological view of Sillago species relationships. In addition, a total of 44 genes were identified to be positively selected, and these genes were potential participants in the stress response, material (carbohydrate, amino acid and lipid) and energy metabolism, growth and differentiation, embryogenesis, visual sense, and other biological processes. We suspected that these genes possibly allowed Sillago species to increase their ecological adaptation to multiple environmental stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangrui Lou
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang, China;
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Fishery College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; (Y.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Na Song
- Fishery College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China; (Y.Z.); (N.S.)
| | - Dongping Ji
- Agricultural Machinery Service Center, Fangchenggang 538000, Guangxi, China;
| | - Tianxiang Gao
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, Zhejiang, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-580-2089-333
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ohshima Y, Kono N, Yokota Y, Watanabe S, Sasaki I, Ishioka NS, Sakashita T, Arakawa K. Anti-tumor effects and potential therapeutic response biomarkers in α-emitting meta- 211At-astato-benzylguanidine therapy for malignant pheochromocytoma explored by RNA-sequencing. Theranostics 2019; 9:1538-1549. [PMID: 31037122 PMCID: PMC6485192 DOI: 10.7150/thno.30353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted α-particle therapy is a promising option for patients with malignant pheochromocytoma. Recent observations regarding meta-211At-astato-benzylguanidine (211At-MABG) in a pheochromocytoma mouse model showed a strong anti-tumor effect, though the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we present the first comprehensive RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data for pheochromocytoma cells based on in vitro211At-MABG administration experiments. Key genes and pathways in the tumor α-particle radiation response are also examined to obtain potential response biomarkers. Methods: We evaluated genome-wide transcriptional alterations in the rat pheochromocytoma cell line PC12 at 3, 6, and 12 h after 211At-MABG treatment; a control experiment using 60Co γ-ray irradiation was carried out to highlight 211At-MABG-specific gene expression. For comparisons, 10% and 80% iso-survival doses (0.8 and 0.1 kBq/mL for 211At-MABG and 10 and 1 Gy for 60Co γ-rays) were used. Results: Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and analysis of the gene expression profiles of cell cycle checkpoints revealed similar modes of cell death via the p53-p21 signaling pathway after 211At-MABG treatment and γ-ray irradiation. The top list of ranked DEGs demonstrated the expression of key genes on the decrease in the survival following 211At-MABG exposure, and four potential genes (Mien1, Otub1, Vdac1 and Vegfa genes) of 211At-MABG therapy. Western blot analysis indicated increased expression of TSPO in 211At-MABG-treated cells, suggesting its potential as a PET imaging probe. Conclusion: Comprehensive RNA-seq revealed contrasting cellular responses to γ-ray and α-particle therapy, leading to the identification of four potential candidate genes that may serve as molecular imaging and 211At-MABG therapy targets.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ullah N, Ahmad M, Aslam H, Tahir MA, Aftab M, Bibi N, Ahmad S. Green tea phytocompounds as anticancer: A review. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)61040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
5
|
Butt MS, Ahmad RS, Sultan MT, Qayyum MMN, Naz A. Green tea and anticancer perspectives: updates from last decade. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 55:792-805. [PMID: 24915354 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.680205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Green tea is the most widely consumed beverage besides water and has attained significant attention owing to health benefits against array of maladies, e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer insurgence. The major bioactive molecules are epigallocatechin-3-gallate, epicatechin, epicatechin-3-gallate, epigallocatechin, etc. The anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activities of green tea were highlighted some years ago. Several cohort studies and controlled randomized trials suggested the inverse association of green tea consumption and cancer prevalence. Cell culture and animal studies depicted the mechanisms of green tea to control cancer insurgence, i.e., induction of apoptosis to control cell growth arrest, altered expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins, activation of killer caspases, and suppression of nuclear factor kappa-B activation. It acts as carcinoma blocker by modulating the signal transduction pathways involved in cell proliferation, transformation, inflammation, and metastasis. However, results generated from some research interventions conducted in different groups like smokers and nonsmokers, etc. contradicted with aforementioned anticancer perspectives. In this review paper, anticancer perspectives of green tea and its components have been described. Recent findings and literature have been surfed and arguments are presented to clarify the ambiguities regarding anticancer perspectives of green tea and its component especially against colon, skin, lung, prostate, and breast cancer. The heading of discussion and future trends is limelight of the manuscript. The compiled manuscript provides new avenues for researchers to be explored in relation to green tea and its bioactive components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masood Sadiq Butt
- a National Institute of Food Science and Technology , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
McEachern LA, Murphy PR. Chromatin-remodeling factors mediate the balance of sense-antisense transcription at the FGF2 locus. Mol Endocrinol 2014; 28:477-89. [PMID: 24552587 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense transcription is prevalent in mammalian genomes, yet the function of many antisense transcripts remains elusive. We have previously shown that the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) gene is regulated endogenously by an overlapping antisense gene called Nudix-type motif 6 (NUDT6). However, the molecular mechanisms that determine the balance of FGF2 and NUDT6 transcripts are not yet well understood. Here we demonstrate that there is a strong negative correlation between FGF2 and NUDT6 across 7 different cell lines. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of NUDT6 causes an increase in nascent FGF2 transcripts, including a short FGF2 variant that lacks sequence complementarity with NUDT6, indicating the involvement of transcriptional mechanisms. In support of this, we show that changes in histone acetylation by trichostatin A treatment, histone deacetylase inhibition, or small interfering RNA knockdown of the histone acetyltransferase CSRP2BP, oppositely affect NUDT6 and FGF2 mRNA levels. A significant increase in histone acetylation with trichostatin A treatment was only detected at the genomic region where the 2 genes overlap, suggesting that this may be an important regulatory region for determining the balance of NUDT6 and FGF2. Knockdown of the histone demethylase KDM4A similarly causes a shift in the balance of NUDT6 and FGF2 transcripts. Expression of CSRP2BP and KDM4A correlates positively with NUDT6 expression and negatively with FGF2 expression. The results presented here indicate that histone acetylation and additional chromatin modifiers are important in determining the relative levels of FGF2 and NUDT6 and support a model in which epigenetic remodeling contributes to their relative expression levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lori A McEachern
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Baguma-Nibasheka M, Macfarlane LA, Murphy PR. Regulation of fibroblast growth factor-2 expression and cell cycle progression by an endogenous antisense RNA. Genes (Basel) 2012; 3:505-20. [PMID: 24704982 PMCID: PMC3899992 DOI: 10.3390/genes3030505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is a potent wide-spectrum mitogen whose overexpression is associated with immortalization and unregulated cell proliferation in many tumors. The FGF2 gene locus is bi-directionally transcribed to produce FGF2 mRNA from the “sense” strand and a cis-antisense RNA (NUDT6) from the NUDT6 gene on the “antisense” strand. The NUDT6 gene encodes a nudix motif protein of unknown function, while its mRNA has been implicated in the post-transcriptional regulation of FGF2 expression. FGF2 and NUDT6 are co-expressed in rat C6 glioma cells, and ectopic overexpression of NUDT6 suppresses cellular FGF2 accumulation and cell cycle progression. However, the role of the endogenous antisense RNA in regulation of FGF2 is unclear. In the present study, we employed siRNA-mediated gene knockdown to examine the role of the endogenous NUDT6 RNA in regulation of FGF2 expression and cell cycle progression. Knockdown of either FGF2 or NUDT6 mRNA was accompanied by a significant (>3 fold) increase in the complementary partner RNA. Similar reciprocal effects were observed at the protein level, indicating that these two transcripts are mutually regulatory. Remarkably, knockdown of either FGF2 or NUDT6 significantly reduced cell proliferation and inhibited S-phase re-entry following serum deprivation, implicating both FGF2 and NUDT6 in the regulation of cell transformation and cell cycle progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Baguma-Nibasheka
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Leigh Ann Macfarlane
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Paul R Murphy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu Q, Yang CH, Liu Q, Jin XF, Xu XT, Tong JL, Xiao SD, Ran ZH. Chemopreventive effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and folic acid on the N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastrointestinal cancer in rat model. J Dig Dis 2011; 12:181-7. [PMID: 21615871 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2011.00494.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemopreventive effect and mechanisms of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and folic acid on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG)-induced gastrointestinal cancer in rats, and to investigate and compare the combinatorial effects of EGCG and folic acid on the chemoprevention of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. METHODS A total of 159 healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups to have the MNNG in drink (group M), MNNG in drink and EGCG in the feed (group ME), MNNG in drink and folic acid in the feed (group MF), MNNG in drink and EGCG+folic acid in the feed (group MEF), EGCG in the feed (group E), folic acid in the feed (group F) or normal feed (group C), respectively. At 44 weeks, all the rats were killed and assessed for the presence of gastrointestinal tumor. The occurrence of cancer was evaluated by histology. Ki-67 in cancerous tissues and in situ apoptosis were determined by immunohistochemical staining or terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. RESULTS The experiment was completed in 157 rats (98.74%). As compared with group M, the tumor incidence of group MEF decreased significantly (P=0.011). Ki-67 expression in cancerous tissues of group ME and MEF also decreased significantly (P=0.038, P=0.009), while apoptosis of group ME, MF and MEF increased significantly (P=0.000, P=0.003, P=0.000). CONCLUSION EGCG combined with folic acid has an obvious chemopreventive effect on gastrointestinal carcinogenesis induced by MNNG in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pan MH, Chiou YS, Wang YJ, Ho CT, Lin JK. Multistage carcinogenesis process as molecular targets in cancer chemoprevention by epicatechin-3-gallate. Food Funct 2011; 2:101-10. [PMID: 21779554 DOI: 10.1039/c0fo00174k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of green tea has long been associated with a reduced risk of cancer development. (-)-Epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) or (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) are the major antioxidative polyphenolic compounds of green tea. They have been shown to exert growth-inhibitory potential of various cancer cells in culture and antitumor activity in vivo models. ECG or EGCG could interact with various molecules like proteins, transcription factors, and enzymes, which block multiple stages of carcinogenesis via regulating intracellular signaling transduction pathways. Moreover, ECG and EGCG possess pharmacological and physiological properties including induction of phase II enzymes, mediation of anti-inflammation response, regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis effects and prevention of tumor angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Numerous review articles have been focused on EGCG, however none have been focused on ECG despite many studies supporting the cancer preventive potential of ECG. To develop ECG as an anticarcinogenic agent, more clear understanding of the cell signaling pathways and the molecular targets responsible for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects are needed. This review summarizes recent research on the ECG-induced cellular signal transduction events which implicate in cancer management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hsiung Pan
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih District, Kaohsiung 81143, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
MacFarlane LA, Murphy PR. Regulation of FGF-2 by an endogenous antisense RNA: Effects on cell adhesion and cell-cycle progression. Mol Carcinog 2010; 49:1031-44. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.20686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|