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Fayyaz A, Basit M, Farooq A, Khan T, Ayub U, Khan S, Armaghan M, Mati-Ur-Rahman, Ammad M, Büsselberg D, Khan K, Habtemariam S, Sharifi-Rad J. Therapeutic potential of ethoxy mansonone G: A comprehensive exploration of its anticancer actions in breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and non-small cell lung carcinoma. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:1229-1239. [PMID: 38924324 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Mansonone G (MG), a 1,2-naphthoquinones with antiestrogenic, antimicrobial, and anti-adipogenic activities, is derived from the heartwood of Mansonia gagei Drumm. Ethoxy mansonone G (EMG), an essential derivative of MG, has anticancer and antioxidant agent. EMG also has antiestrogen activity and is demonstrated to lower estrogen receptor expression in endocrine-resistant cells. EMG significantly inhibits cell division, invasion, and anchorage-dependent growth in all cancer types. Through the stimulation of the tumor protein (p53) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascades, it also causes apoptosis. Moreover, it manifests its anti-cancerous effects in toll-like receptor pathways, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (c-JNK), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). EMG inhibits the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK3), Erk, protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). By interfering with molecular cascades, EMG significantly reduces the metabolism of cancer cells. This paper focuses on the potential use of EMG in cancer treatment. Moreover, it states the methodology by which specific assays establish the anti-cancerous role of EMG. Breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer are only a few of the cancers for which EMG was shown to be effective. Through further research, EMG may be developed as a therapeutic solution to complications caused by cancer. This study presents EMG as a novel candidate for cancer therapy, offering a unique combination of pharmacological advantages and mechanistic insights that warrant further exploration and development toward addressing the complexities of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Fayyaz
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Basit
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Andleeb Farooq
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umama Ayub
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Somia Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Armaghan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mati-Ur-Rahman
- Pure Health Laboratory, Mafraq Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Ammad
- Pure Health Laboratory, Mafraq Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research & Herbal Analysis Services UK, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, Kent, UK
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Zhang G, Li Y, Sun Y. Cruciferous vegetables intake reduces pancreatic cancer risk: an updated systematic review with meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03472-1. [PMID: 39078523 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03472-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The escalating disease burden associated with pancreatic cancer has led to its inclusion as a target of public health efforts. The relationship between the consumption of cruciferous vegetables and the incidence of pancreatic cancer has generated conflicting findings in various epidemiological studies. METHODS Eligible studies were cohort or case-control studies reporting on the association between consumption of cruciferous vegetables and pancreatic cancer. PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase were systematically searched for potential studies before 27 July2022. These databases were finally searched again on 1 February 2023. The meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects models, and Stata 17 was employed for the statistical analyses. RESULTS Sixteen studies, encompassing 1,135,281 participants from 1989 to 2021, met the inclusion criteria. An inverse association of statistical significance was observed (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72-0.96). The sensitivity analysis indicates that this result is robust. We conducted subgroup analyses based on region, gender, study design, quality, exclusivity to endocrine tumors, adjustment for smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and BMI. CONCLUSION This review provided support for the inclusion of cruciferous vegetables in the diet as a cost-effective and readily available prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genyuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, China
- The First Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, China
| | - Yunjia Li
- The First Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, China.
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Holman JM, Colucci L, Baudewyns D, Balkan J, Hunt T, Hunt B, Kinney M, Holcomb L, Stratigakis A, Chen G, Moses PL, Mawe GM, Zhang T, Li Y, Ishaq SL. Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice. mSystems 2023; 8:e0053223. [PMID: 37702510 PMCID: PMC10654075 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00532-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Evaluating bacterial communities across different locations in the gut provides a greater insight than fecal samples alone and provides an additional metric by which to evaluate beneficial host-microbe interactions. Here, we show that 10% steamed broccoli sprouts in the diet protects mice from the negative effects of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis, that colitis erases biogeographic patterns of bacterial communities in the gut, and that the cecum is not likely to be a significant contributor to colonic bacteria of interest in the DSS mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet during colitis performed better than mice fed the control diet while receiving DSS. The identification of accessible dietary components and concentrations that help maintain and correct the gut microbiome may provide universal and equitable approaches to IBD prevention and recovery, and broccoli sprouts represent a promising strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. Holman
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Louisa Colucci
- Department of Biology, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA
| | - Dorien Baudewyns
- Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Joe Balkan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Benjamin Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Marissa Kinney
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Lola Holcomb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Allesandra Stratigakis
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA
| | - Grace Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Peter L. Moses
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
- Finch Therapeutics, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA
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4
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Zhai S, Lin J, Ji Y, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Cao Y, Liu Y, Tang X, Liu J, Liu P, Lin J, Li F, Li H, Shi Y, Fu D, Deng X, Shen B. A microprotein N1DARP encoded by LINC00261 promotes Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) degradation via disrupting USP10-N1ICD interaction to inhibit chemoresistance in Notch1-hyperactivated pancreatic cancer. Cell Discov 2023; 9:95. [PMID: 37714834 PMCID: PMC10504324 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-023-00592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The extensively activated Notch signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells is important in carcinogenesis, chemoresistance, and recurrence. Targeting this pathway is a promising therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer; however, few successful approaches have been reported, and currently used molecular inhibitors of this pathway exhibit limited clinical benefits. In this study, we identified a previously uncharacterized microprotein, Notch1 degradation-associated regulatory polypeptide (N1DARP), encoded by LINC00261. N1DARP knockout accelerated tumor progression and enhanced stem cell properties in pancreatic cancer organoids and LSL-Kras, LSL-Trp53, and Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mice. Mechanistically, N1DARP suppressed canonical and non-canonical Notch1 pathways by competitively disrupting the interaction between N1ICD and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10 (USP10), thereby promoting K11- and K48-linked polyubiquitination of N1ICD. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of N1DARP, we designed a cell-penetrating stapled peptide, SAH-mAH2-5, with a helical structure similar to that of N1DARP that confers remarkable physicochemical stability. SAH-mAH2-5 interacted with and promoted the proteasome-mediated degradation of N1ICD. SAH-mAH2-5 injection provided substantial therapeutic benefits with limited off-target and systemic adverse effects in Notch1-activated pancreatic cancer models. Taken together, these findings confirm that N1DARP acts as a tumor suppressor and chemosensitizer by regulating USP10-Notch1 oncogenic signaling, and suggest a promising therapeutic strategy targeting the N1DARP-N1ICD interaction in Notch1-activated pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiewei Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronghao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhi Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengyi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanlu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Da Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaxing Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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Holman JM, Colucci L, Baudewyns D, Balkan J, Hunt T, Hunt B, Kinney M, Holcomb L, Chen G, Moses PL, Mawe GM, Zhang T, Li Y, Ishaq SL. Steamed broccoli sprouts alleviate DSS-induced inflammation and retain gut microbial biogeography in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.27.522641. [PMID: 37292900 PMCID: PMC10245759 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.27.522641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are devastating conditions of the gastrointestinal tract with limited treatments, and dietary intervention may be effective, and affordable, for managing symptoms. Glucosinolate compounds are highly concentrated in broccoli sprouts, especially glucoraphanin, and can be metabolized by certain mammalian gut bacteria into anti inflammatory isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane. Gut microbiota exhibit biogeographic patterns, but it is unknown if colitis alters these or whether the location of glucoraphanin metabolizing bacteria affects anti-inflammatory benefits. We fed specific pathogen free C57BL/6 mice either a control diet or a 10% steamed broccoli sprout diet, and gave a three-cycle regimen of 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water over a 34-day experiment to simulate chronic, relapsing ulcerative colitis. We monitored body weight, fecal characteristics, lipocalin, serum cytokines, and bacterial communities from the luminal and mucosa-associated populations in the jejunum, cecum, and colon. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet with DSS treatment performed better than mice fed the control diet with DSS, including significantly more weight gain, lower Disease Activity Indexes, lower plasma lipocalin and proinflammatory cytokines, and higher bacterial richness in all gut locations. Bacterial communities were assorted by gut location, but were more homogenous across locations in the control diet + DSS mice. Importantly, our results showed that broccoli sprout feeding abrogated the effects of DSS on gut microbiota, as bacterial richness and biogeography were similar between mice receiving broccoli sprouts with and without DSS. Collectively, these results support the protective effect of steamed broccoli sprouts against dysbiosis and colitis induced by DSS. Importance Evaluating bacterial communities across different locations in the gut provides a greater insight than fecal samples alone, and provides an additional metric by which to evaluate beneficial host-microbe interactions. Here, we show that 10% steamed broccoli sprouts in the diet protects mice from the negative effects of dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis, that colitis erases biogeographical patterns of bacterial communities in the gut, and that the cecum is not likely to be a significant contributor to colonic bacteria of interest in the DSS mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Mice fed the broccoli sprout diet during colitis performed better than mice fed the control diet while receiving DSS. The identification of accessible dietary components and concentrations that help maintain and correct the gut microbiome may provide universal and equitable approaches to IBD prevention and recovery, and broccoli sprouts represent a promising strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M. Holman
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Louisa Colucci
- Department of Biology, Husson University, Bangor, Maine, USA 04401
| | | | - Joe Balkan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA 02155
| | - Timothy Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Benjamin Hunt
- Department of Biology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Marissa Kinney
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Lola Holcomb
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Grace Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA 48109
| | - Peter L. Moses
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
- Finch Therapeutics, Somerville, Massachusetts, USA 02143
| | - Gary M. Mawe
- Departments of Neurological Sciences and of Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA 05401
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY Binghamton University, Johnson City, New York, USA 13790
| | - Yanyan Li
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
| | - Suzanne L. Ishaq
- School of Food and Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, Maine, USA 04469
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Zhao Y, Qin C, Zhao B, Wang Y, Li Z, Li T, Yang X, Wang W. Pancreatic cancer stemness: dynamic status in malignant progression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:122. [PMID: 37173787 PMCID: PMC10182699 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02693-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that the capacity for self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs) contribute to major challenges with current PC therapies, causing metastasis and therapeutic resistance, leading to recurrence and death in patients. The concept that PCSCs are characterized by their high plasticity and self-renewal capacities is central to this review. We focused specifically on the regulation of PCSCs, such as stemness-related signaling pathways, stimuli in tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), as well as the development of innovative stemness-targeted therapies. Understanding the biological behavior of PCSCs with plasticity and the molecular mechanisms regulating PC stemness will help to identify new treatment strategies to treat this horrible disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangbo Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeru Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Research in Pancreatic Tumor, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
- National Science and Technology Key Infrastructure On Translational Medicine in, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100023, People's Republic of China.
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Anticancer Potential of Apigenin and Isovitexin with Focus on Oncogenic Metabolism in Cancer Stem Cells. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030404. [PMID: 36984844 PMCID: PMC10051376 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) go through metabolic changes that differentiate them from non-CSCs. The altered metabolism of CSCs plays a vital role in tumor initiation, progression, immunosuppression, and resistance to conventional therapy. Therefore, defining the role of CSC metabolism in carcinogenesis has emerged as a main focus in cancer research. Two natural flavonoids, apigenin and isovitexin, have been shown to act synergistically with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs by sensitizing CSCs, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study is to present a critical and broad evaluation of the anti-CSC capability of apigenin and isovitexin in different cancers as novel and untapped natural compounds for developing drugs. A thorough review of the included literature supports a strong association between anti-CSC activity and treatment with apigenin or isovitexin. Additionally, it has been shown that apigenin or isovitexin affected CSC metabolism and reduced CSCs through various mechanisms, including the suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB protein expression, and the downregulation of the cell cycle via upregulation of p21 and cyclin-dependent kinases. The findings of this study demonstrate that apigenin and isovitexin are potent candidates for treating cancer due to their antagonistic effects on CSC metabolism.
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Gadi V, Shetty SR. Potential of Anti-inflammatory Molecules in the Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer. RECENT ADVANCES IN INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 16:60-76. [PMID: 36043708 DOI: 10.2174/2772270816666220829090716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a global issue, affecting greater than 1 million women per annum. Over the past two decades, there have been numerous clinical trials involving the use of various pharmacological substances as chemopreventive agents for breast cancer. Various pre-clinical as well as clinical studies have established numerous anti-inflammatory molecules, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and dietary phytochemicals as promising agents for chemoprevention of several cancers, including breast cancer. The overexpression of COX-2 has been detected in approximately 40% of human breast cancer cases and pre-invasive ductal carcinoma in-situ lesions, associated with aggressive elements of breast cancer such as large size of the tumour, ER/PR negative and HER-2 overexpression, among others. Anti-inflammatory molecules inhibit COX, thereby inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and inhibiting nuclear factor-κBmediated signals (NF-kB). Another probable explanation entails inflammation-induced degranulation, with the production of angiogenesis-regulating factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, which can be possibly regulated by anti-inflammatory molecules. Apart from NSAIDS, many dietary phytochemicals have the ability to decrease, delay, or stop the progression and/or incidence of breast cancer by their antioxidant action, regulating inflammatory and proliferative cell signalling pathways as well as inducing apoptosis. The rapid progress in chemoprevention research has also established innovative strategies that can be implemented to prevent breast cancer. This article gives a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in using antiinflammatory molecules in the chemoprevention of breast cancer along with their mechanism of action, supported by latest preclinical and clinical data. The merits of anti-inflammatory chemopreventive agents in the prevention of cardiotoxicity have been described. We have also highlighted the ongoing research and advancements in improving the efficacy of using antiinflammatory molecules as chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Gadi
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMS Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai-56, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saritha Rakesh Shetty
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMS Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai-56, Maharashtra, India
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9
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Telang NT. Stem Cell Models for Breast and Colon Cancer: Experimental Approach for Drug Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169223. [PMID: 36012489 PMCID: PMC9409032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of the early stages of female breast and colon cancer to metastatic disease represents a major cause of mortality in women. Multi-drug chemotherapy and/or pathway selective targeted therapy are notable for their off-target effects and are associated with spontaneous and/or acquired chemotherapy resistance and the emergence of premalignant chemo-resistant cancer-initiating stem cells. The stem cell populations are responsible for the evolution of therapy-resistant metastatic disease. These limitations emphasize an unmet need to develop reliable drug-resistant cancer stem cell models as novel experimental approaches for therapeutic alternatives in drug discovery platforms. Drug-resistant stem cell models for breast and colon cancer subtypes exhibit progressive growth in the presence of cytotoxic chemo-endocrine therapeutics. The resistant cells exhibit upregulated expressions of stem cell-selective cellular and molecular markers. Dietary phytochemicals, nutritional herbs and their constituent bioactive compounds have documented growth inhibitory efficacy for cancer stem cells. The mechanistic leads for the stem cell-targeted efficacy of naturally occurring agents validates the present experimental approaches for new drug discovery as therapeutic alternatives for therapy-resistant breast and colon cancer. The present review provides a systematic discussion of published evidence on (i) conventional/targeted therapy for breast and colon cancer, (ii) cellular and molecular characterization of stem cell models and (iii) validation of the stem cell models as an experimental approach for novel drug discovery of therapeutic alternatives for therapy-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin T Telang
- Cancer Prevention Research Program, Palindrome Liaisons Consultants, Montvale, NJ 07645-1559, USA
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10
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Safa AR. Drug and apoptosis resistance in cancer stem cells: a puzzle with many pieces. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:850-872. [PMID: 36627897 PMCID: PMC9771762 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to anticancer agents and apoptosis results in cancer relapse and is associated with cancer mortality. Substantial data have provided convincing evidence establishing that human cancers emerge from cancer stem cells (CSCs), which display self-renewal and are resistant to anticancer drugs, radiation, and apoptosis, and express enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal progression. CSCs represent a heterogeneous tumor cell population and lack specific cellular targets, which makes it a great challenge to target and eradicate them. Similarly, their close relationship with the tumor microenvironment creates greater complexity in developing novel treatment strategies targeting CSCs. Several mechanisms participate in the drug and apoptosis resistance phenotype in CSCs in various cancers. These include enhanced expression of ATP-binding cassette membrane transporters, activation of various cytoprotective and survival signaling pathways, dysregulation of stemness signaling pathways, aberrant DNA repair mechanisms, increased quiescence, autophagy, increased immune evasion, deficiency of mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins including c-FLIP [cellular FLICE (FADD-like IL-1β-converting enzyme)-inhibitory protein], Bcl-2 family members, inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, and PI3K/AKT signaling. Studying such mechanisms not only provides mechanistic insights into these cells that are unresponsive to drugs, but may lead to the development of targeted and effective therapeutics to eradicate CSCs. Several studies have identified promising strategies to target CSCs. These emerging strategies may help target CSC-associated drug resistance and metastasis in clinical settings. This article will review the CSCs drug and apoptosis resistance mechanisms and how to target CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R. Safa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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11
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Cytotoxic evaluation and chemical investigation of tomatoes from plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown in uncontaminated and experimentally contaminated soils. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13024. [PMID: 35906264 PMCID: PMC9338037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity and the chemical composition of the tomato extracts coming from, Pomodoro Giallo and San Marzano Cirio 3, and then to evaluate the potential changes when plants were grown in soils contaminated by cadmium, chromium and lead. Extracts were investigated by UHPLC-HRMS and UV–Vis. Cell viability (CellTiter-Glo Luminescent assay), enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDEFLOUR Assay), cell cycle progression (Accuri C6 Flow Cytometer), apoptosis and necrosis (Annexin V-FITC assay) were evaluated on two gastric cancer (AGS and NCI-N87) and two colorectal cancer (HT-29 and HCT 116) cell lines. Different content of polyphenol and carotenoid constituents was observed. Extracts from uncontaminated soil induced cytotoxic activity towards all selected cancer cells, while extracts coming from contaminated soils showed the aberrant phenotype increased in colorectal cancer cells. Chloroform extracts exerted the highest cytotoxic activity. AGS and HT-29 were the most sensitive to cell cycle arrest and to apoptosis. No necrotic effect was observed in HCT 116. The contrasting effects on cancer cells were observed based on tomato variety, the extract polarity, heavy metal identity, and tested cell line. The investigation of potential adverse health effects due to Cd in the fruits should be explored.
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12
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Telang N. Stem Cell Models for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7055. [PMID: 35806056 PMCID: PMC9266363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression of female breast and colon cancer represents a major cause of mortality in women. Spontaneous/acquired resistance to conventional and targeted chemo-endocrine therapy is associated with the emergence of drug-resistant tumor-initiating cancer stem cell populations. The cancer-initiating premalignant stem cells exhibit activation of select cancer cell signaling pathways and undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition, leading to the evolution of a metastatic phenotype. The development of reliable cancer stem cell models provides valuable experimental approaches to identify novel testable therapeutic alternatives for therapy-resistant cancer. Drug-resistant stem cell models for molecular subtypes of clinical breast cancer and for genetically predisposed colon cancer are developed by selecting epithelial cells that survive in the presence of cytostatic concentrations of relevant therapeutic agents. These putative stem cells are characterized by the expression status of select cellular and molecular stem cell markers. The stem cell models are utilized as experimental approaches to examine the stem-cell-targeted growth inhibitory efficacy of naturally occurring dietary phytochemicals. The present review provides a systematic discussion on (i) conceptual and experimental aspects relevant to the chemo-endocrine therapy of breast and colon cancer, (ii) molecular/cellular aspects of cancer stem cells and (iii) potential stem-cell-targeting lead compounds as testable alternatives against the progression of therapy-resistant breast and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Telang
- Cancer Prevention Research Program, Palindrome Liaisons Consultants, Montvale, NJ 07645-1559, USA
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13
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Hashem S, Ali TA, Akhtar S, Nisar S, Sageena G, Ali S, Al-Mannai S, Therachiyil L, Mir R, Elfaki I, Mir MM, Jamal F, Masoodi T, Uddin S, Singh M, Haris M, Macha M, Bhat AA. Targeting cancer signaling pathways by natural products: Exploring promising anti-cancer agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113054. [PMID: 35658225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and significantly burdens the healthcare system. Due to its prevalence, there is undoubtedly an unmet need to discover novel anticancer drugs. The use of natural products as anticancer agents is an acceptable therapeutic approach due to accessibility, applicability, and reduced cytotoxicity. Natural products have been an incomparable source of anticancer drugs in the modern era of drug discovery. Along with their derivatives and analogs, natural products play a major role in cancer treatment by modulating the cancer microenvironment and different signaling pathways. These compounds are effective against several signaling pathways, mainly cell death pathways (apoptosis and autophagy) and embryonic developmental pathways (Notch pathway, Wnt pathway, and Hedgehog pathway). The historical record of natural products is strong, but there is a need to investigate the current role of natural products in the discovery and development of cancer drugs and determine the possibility of natural products being an important source of future therapeutic agents. Many target-specific anticancer drugs failed to provide successful results, which accounts for a need to investigate natural products with multi-target characteristics to achieve better outcomes. The potential of natural products to be promising novel compounds for cancer treatment makes them an important area of research. This review explores the significance of natural products in inhibiting the various signaling pathways that serve as drivers of carcinogenesis and thus pave the way for developing and discovering anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheema Hashem
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tayyiba Akbar Ali
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shahid Ali
- International Potato Center (CIP), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Sharefa Al-Mannai
- Division of Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rashid Mir
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research chair, Department Of Medical Lab Technology, FAMS, University of Tabuk,Saudi Arabia
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Muzaffar Mir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farrukh Jamal
- Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Muzafar Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
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14
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Dyshlovoy SA. Recent Updates on Marine Cancer-Preventive Compounds. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100558. [PMID: 34677457 PMCID: PMC8537284 DOI: 10.3390/md19100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural compounds derived from marine organisms often exhibit unique chemical structures and potent biological activities. Cancer-preventive activity is one of the rather new activities that has emerged and been extensively studied over the last decades. This review summarizes the recent updates on the marine chemopreventive compounds covering the relevant literature published in 2013-2021 and following the previous comprehensive review by Stonik and Fedorov (Marine Drugs 2014, 12, 636-671). In the current article, only the molecules having an effect on malignant transformation (or related pathway and molecules), cancer stem cells, or carcinogen-induced in vivo tumor development were considered to be "true" cancer-preventive compounds and were, therefore, reviewed. Additionally, particular attention has been given to the molecular mechanisms of chemoprevention, executed by the reported marine compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dyshlovoy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia
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15
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Targeting cancer stem cells by nutraceuticals for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:234-245. [PMID: 34273521 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an essential role in tumor progression and reoccurrence and drug resistance. Multiple signaling pathways have been revealed to be critically participated in CSC development and maintenance. Emerging evidence indicates that numerous chemopreventive compounds, also known as nutraceuticals, could eliminate CSCs in part via regulating several signaling pathways. Therefore, in this review, we will describe the some natural chemopreventive agents that target CSCs in a variety of human malignancies, including soy isoflavone, curcumin, resveratrol, tea polyphenols, sulforaphane, quercetin, indole-3-carbinol, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, withaferin A, apigenin, etc. Moreover, we discuss that eliminating CSCs by nutraceuticals might be a promising strategy for treating human cancer via overcoming drug resistance and reducing tumor reoccurrence.
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16
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Samtiya M, Aluko RE, Dhewa T, Moreno-Rojas JM. Potential Health Benefits of Plant Food-Derived Bioactive Components: An Overview. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040839. [PMID: 33921351 PMCID: PMC8068854 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant foods are consumed worldwide due to their immense energy density and nutritive value. Their consumption has been following an increasing trend due to several metabolic disorders linked to non-vegetarian diets. In addition to their nutritive value, plant foods contain several bioactive constituents that have been shown to possess health-promoting properties. Plant-derived bioactive compounds, such as biologically active proteins, polyphenols, phytosterols, biogenic amines, carotenoids, etc., have been reported to be beneficial for human health, for instance in cases of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, as well as for people with gut, immune function, and neurodegenerative disorders. Previous studies have reported that bioactive components possess antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, in addition to improving intestinal barrier functioning etc., which contribute to their ability to mitigate the pathological impact of various human diseases. This review describes the bioactive components derived from fruit, vegetables, cereals, and other plant sources with health promoting attributes, and the mechanisms responsible for the bioactive properties of some of these plant components. This review mainly compiles the potential of food derived bioactive compounds, providing information for researchers that may be valuable for devising future strategies such as choosing promising bioactive ingredients to make functional foods for various non-communicable disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Samtiya
- Department of Nutrition Biology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana 123031, India;
| | - Rotimi E. Aluko
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada;
| | - Tejpal Dhewa
- Department of Nutrition Biology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana 123031, India;
- Correspondence: (T.D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
| | - José Manuel Moreno-Rojas
- Department of Food Science and Health, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda. Menéndez Pidal, SN, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Correspondence: (T.D.); (J.M.M.-R.)
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17
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Sulforaphane Inhibits the Expression of Long Noncoding RNA H19 and Its Target APOBEC3G and Thereby Pancreatic Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040827. [PMID: 33669381 PMCID: PMC7920255 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is extremely malignant and the therapeutic options available usually have little impact on survival. Great hope is placed on new therapeutic targets, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and on the development of new drugs, based on e.g., broccoli-derived sulforaphane, which meanwhile has shown promise in pilot studies in patients. We examined whether sulforaphane interferes with lncRNA signaling and analyzed five PDAC and two nonmalignant cell lines, patient tissues (n = 30), and online patient data (n = 350). RT-qPCR, Western blotting, MTT, colony formation, transwell and wound healing assays; gene array analysis; bioinformatics; in situ hybridization; immunohistochemistry and xenotransplantation were used. Sulforaphane regulated the expression of all of five examined lncRNAs, but basal expression, biological function and inhibition of H19 were of highest significance. H19 siRNA prevented colony formation, migration, invasion and Smad2 phosphorylation. We identified 103 common sulforaphane- and H19-related target genes and focused to the virus-induced tumor promoter APOBEC3G. APOBEC3G siRNA mimicked the previously observed H19 and sulforaphane effects. In vivo, sulforaphane- or H19 or APOBEC3G siRNAs led to significantly smaller tumor xenografts with reduced expression of Ki67, APOBEC3G and phospho-Smad2. Together, we identified APOBEC3G as H19 target, and both are inhibited by sulforaphane in prevention of PDAC progression.
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18
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Wanandi SI, Limanto A, Yunita E, Syahrani RA, Louisa M, Wibowo AE, Arumsari S. In silico and in vitro studies on the anti-cancer activity of andrographolide targeting survivin in human breast cancer stem cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240020. [PMID: 33211707 PMCID: PMC7676700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) express high levels of the anti-apoptotic protein, survivin. This study aimed to discover a natural active compound with anti-cancer properties that targeted survivin in human breast cancer stem cells. From the seven examined compounds, andrographolide was selected as a lead compound through in silico molecular docking with survivin, caspase-9, and caspase-3. We found that the affinity between andrographolide and survivin is higher than that with caspase-9 and caspase-3. Human CD24-/CD44+ BCSCs were treated with andrographolide in vitro for 24 hours. The cytotoxic effect of andrographolide on BCSCs was compared to that on human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The expression of survivin, caspase-9, and caspase-3 mRNA was analyzed using qRT-PCR, while Thr34-phosphorylated survivin and total survivin levels were determined using ELISA and Immunoblotting assay. Annexin-V/PI flow cytometry assays were performed to evaluate the apoptotic activity of andrographolide. Our results demonstrate that the CC50 of andrographolide in BCSCs was 0.32mM, whereas there was no cytotoxic effect in MSCs. Moreover, andrographolide decreased survivin and Thr34-phosphorylated survivin, thus inhibiting survivin activation and increasing survivin mRNA in BCSCs. The apoptotic activity of andrographolide was revealed by the increase of caspase-3 mRNA and protein, as well as the increase in both the early and late phases of apoptosis. In conclusion, andrographolide can be considered an anti-cancer compound that targets BCSCs due to its molecular interactions with survivin, caspase-9, and caspase-3, which induce apoptosis. We suggest that the binding of andrographolide to survivin is a critical aspect of the effect of andrographolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Septelia Inawati Wanandi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Center for Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Molecular Biology and Proteomic Core Facilities, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agus Limanto
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Elvira Yunita
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Resda Akhra Syahrani
- Molecular Biology and Proteomic Core Facilities, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Agung Eru Wibowo
- Laboratory for Development of Industrial Agro and Biomedical Technology (LAPTIAB), Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia
| | - Sekar Arumsari
- Molecular Biology and Proteomic Core Facilities, Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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19
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Malla RR, Deepak K, Merchant N, Dasari VR. Breast Tumor Microenvironment: Emerging target of therapeutic phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 70:153227. [PMID: 32339885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and challenging form of breast cancers. Tumor microenvironment (TME) of TNBC is associated with induction of metastasis, immune system suppression, escaping immune detection and drug resistance. TME is highly complex and heterogeneous, consists of tumor cells, stromal cells and immune cells. The rapid expansion of tumors induce hypoxia, which concerns the reprogramming of TME components. The reciprocal communication of tumor cells and TME cells predisposes cancer cells to metastasis by modulation of developmental pathways, Wnt, notch, hedgehog and their related mechanisms in TME. Dietary phytochemicals are non-toxic and associated with various human health benefits and remarkable spectrum of biological activities. The phytochemicals serve as vital resources for drug discovery and also as a source for breast cancer therapy. The novel properties of dietary phytochemicals propose platform for modulation of tumor signaling, overcoming drug resistance, and targeting TME. Therefore, TME could serve as promising target for the treatment of TNBC. This review presents current status and implications of experimentally evaluated therapeutic phytochemicals as potential targeting agents of TME, potential nanosystems for targeted delivery of phytochemicals and their current challenges and future implications in TNBC treatment. The dietary phytochemicals especially curcumin with significant delivery system could prevent TNBC development as it is considered safe and well tolerated in phase II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India.
| | - Kgk Deepak
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - Neha Merchant
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Venkata Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Geisinger Clinic, 100 Academy Ave, Danville, PA, 17822, USA
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Fernández-Tomé S, Xu F, Han Y, Hernández-Ledesma B, Xiao H. Inhibitory Effects of Peptide Lunasin in Colorectal Cancer HCT-116 Cells and Their Tumorsphere-Derived Subpopulation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020537. [PMID: 31947688 PMCID: PMC7014180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of cancer stem-like cells (CSC) in the tumor pathogenesis has profound implications for cancer therapy and chemoprevention. Lunasin is a bioactive peptide from soybean and other vegetal sources with proven protective activities against cancer and other chronic diseases. The present study focused on the cytotoxic effect of peptide lunasin in colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells, both the bulk tumor and the CSC subpopulations. Lunasin inhibited the proliferation and the tumorsphere-forming capacity of HCT-116 cells. Flow cytometry results demonstrated that the inhibitory effects were related to apoptosis induction and cell cycle-arrest at G1 phase. Moreover, lunasin caused an increase in the sub-GO/G1 phase of bulk tumor cells, linked to the apoptotic events found. Immunoblotting analysis further showed that lunasin induced apoptosis through activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP, and could modulate cell cycle progress through the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21. Together, these results provide new evidence on the chemopreventive activity of peptide lunasin on colorectal cancer by modulating both the parental and the tumorsphere-derived subsets of HCT-116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Fernández-Tomé
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM CEI UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (F.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (F.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yanhui Han
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (F.X.); (Y.H.)
| | - Blanca Hernández-Ledesma
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL, CSIC-UAM CEI UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (B.H.-L.); (H.X.); Tel.: +34 910017970 (B.H.-L.); +1 413-545-2281 (H.X.)
| | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; (F.X.); (Y.H.)
- Correspondence: (B.H.-L.); (H.X.); Tel.: +34 910017970 (B.H.-L.); +1 413-545-2281 (H.X.)
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21
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Inhibition of miR30a-3p by sulforaphane enhances gap junction intercellular communication in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 469:238-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Zhu M, Yu X, Zheng Z, Huang J, Yang X, Shi H. Capsaicin suppressed activity of prostate cancer stem cells by inhibition of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Phytother Res 2019; 34:817-824. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, the Second School of Clinical MedicineNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Nutrition, the Second School of Clinical MedicineNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zongmei Zheng
- Department of Nutrition, the Second School of Clinical MedicineNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Nutrition, the Second School of Clinical MedicineNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xuepan Yang
- Department of Nutrition, the Second School of Clinical MedicineNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Hongfei Shi
- Department of Nutrition, the Second School of Clinical MedicineNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 China
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23
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Aljarrah K, Al-Akhras MA, Al-Khalili DJ, Ababneh Z. The feasibility of using Saffron to reduce the photosensitivity reaction of selected photosensitizers using red blood cells and staphylococcusAureus bacteria as targets. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 29:101590. [PMID: 31689512 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.101590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The photosensitivity reaction which appears after a Photodynamic therapy treatment session is a challenge that needs further investigation. The goal of this research is to evaluate the possibility of using saffron to reduce or control this photosensitivity reaction and to present mathematical modeling of the cell survival curves and their dependency on saffron concentration. METHODS Red blood cells (RBC) and Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria (STB) were used as targets in this study. The Photosensitivity of Rose Bengali, Methylene Blue, and Photofrin independently and incorporated with saffron was investigated for continued irradiation at different Saffron concentrations. Gompertz's function was used to fit the survival curve parameters. The 50% cell survival rate was fit to an empirical formula based on Saffron concentrations. RESULTS Saffron inhibits the photosensitivity reaction of the three photosensitizers and causes a significant increase in the 50% survival rate time (t50) for RBC`s and STB. Saffron didn't show phototoxicity when incubated alone with RBC`s and STB. The survival curve parameters of the RBCs and STB showed a good fit to the Gompertz function. Saffron concentration is related to the RBC`s t50 based on power dependency of 0.56, 0.38 and 0.31 for Photofrin, Methylene Blue and Rose Bengali respectively and 0.1 on STB for Rose Bengali. CONCLUSION Saffron can efficiently be used to reduce the photosensitivity reaction of Photosensitizers after a PDT treatment session. Gompertz function was found to be an appropriate mathematical model for survival rate curves. The t50 and the saffron concentration are well related through a power dependence empirical formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Aljarrah
- Bio-Medical Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology (JUST), P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - M-Ali Al-Akhras
- Bio-Medical Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology (JUST), P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | | | - Zaid Ababneh
- Physics Department, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
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24
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Kundu M, Das S, Dhara D, Mandal M. Prospect of natural products in glioma: A novel avenue in glioma management. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2571-2584. [PMID: 31359523 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most perplexing cancers because of its infiltrating nature, molecular signaling, and location in central nervous system. Blood-brain barrier acts as a natural barrier to the glioma making it difficult to access by conventional chemotherapy. Clinicians are using natural compounds or their derivatives for several diseases including different cancers. However, the feasibility of using natural compounds in glioma is not explored in details. Natural compounds can act over a wide variety of signaling pathways such as survival and metabolic pathways and induce cell death. Some of the natural agents have additional benefits of crossing biological barriers such as blood-brain barrier with ease having few or no impact on the surrounding healthy cells. All of these benefits make natural compounds a prospective candidate for the glioma management. This article evaluates the benefits of using natural compounds for glioma therapy and their possible mechanism of actions. We have discussed the natural compounds assessed currently for glioma therapy and proposed a few novel natural compounds with potential antiglioma effect based on their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Kundu
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Subhayan Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Dibakar Dhara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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25
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KIBRA Team Up with Partners to Promote Breast Cancer Metastasis. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:627-634. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00660-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Salaritabar A, Berindan-Neagoe I, Darvish B, Hadjiakhoondi F, Manayi A, Devi KP, Barreca D, Orhan IE, Süntar I, Farooqi AA, Gulei D, Nabavi SF, Sureda A, Daglia M, Dehpour AR, Nabavi SM, Shirooie S. Targeting Hedgehog signaling pathway: Paving the road for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2019; 141:466-480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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27
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Kim S, Trudo SP, Gallaher DD. Apiaceous and Cruciferous Vegetables Fed During the Post-Initiation Stage Reduce Colon Cancer Risk Markers in Rats. J Nutr 2019; 149:249-257. [PMID: 30649390 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegetable consumption reduces colon cancer risk when fed in the initiation stage of carcinogenesis; however, the effect of vegetable consumption during the post-initiation stage has rarely been examined. OBJECTIVE We investigated the chemopreventive effects of feeding apiaceous and cruciferous vegetables on colon cancer risk in the post-initiation stage. METHODS Thirty male Wistar rats (∼5 wk, 92 g) were subcutaneously injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine 1 time/wk for 2 wk. One week after the last dose, rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the basal diet, an apiaceous vegetable-containing diet (API; 21% fresh wt/wt), or a cruciferous vegetable-containing diet (CRU; 21% fresh wt/wt). All diets contained ∼20% protein, 7% fat, and 63% digestible carbohydrate. Experimental diets were fed for 10 wk, after which colons were harvested. RESULTS CRU reduced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) number compared to the basal group (P = 0.014) and API (P = 0.013), whereas API decreased the proportion of dysplastic ACF relative to the basal group (P < 0.05). Both CRU and API reduced doublecortin-like kinase 1-positive marker expression relative to basal by 57.9% (P = 0.009) and 51.4% (P < 0.02). The numbers of CD44-positive ACF did not differ between the groups. We identified 14 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs). Of these, expression of 6 miRNAs were greater or tended to be greater (P ≤ 0.10) in one or both vegetable-containing groups compared to the basal group. Bioinformatic analysis of these expression changes in miRNA predicted a change in WNT/β-catenin signaling, indicating downregulation of β-catenin in the vegetable-fed groups. Consistent with this bioinformatics analysis, β-catenin-accumulated ACF were decreased in CRU (93.1%, P = 0.012), but not in API (54.4%, P = 0.125), compared to the basal group. CONCLUSION Both apiaceous and cruciferous vegetables, fed post-initiation, reduce colonic preneoplastic lesions as well as cancer stem cell marker expression in rats, possibly by suppressing oncogenic signaling through changes in miRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyub Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
| | - Sabrina P Trudo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN.,School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
| | - Daniel D Gallaher
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN
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28
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Abstract
Breast cancer is a common malignancy with poor prognosis. Cancer cells are heterogeneous and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are primarily responsible for tumor relapse, treatment-resistance and metastasis, so for breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Diets are known to be associated with carcinogenesis. Food-derived polyphenols are able to attenuate the formation and virulence of BCSCs, implying that these compounds and their analogs might be promising agents for preventing breast cancer. In the present review, we summarized the origin and surface markers of BCSCs and possible mechanisms responsible for the inhibitory effects of polyphenols on BCSCs. The suppressive effects of common dietary polyphenols against BCSCs, such as curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and related polyphenolic compounds were further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Feng Gu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Ying Mao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Du
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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29
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Akiyoshi S, Kikuchi H, Kuribayashi F, Madhyastha H, Minami H. Sulforaphane displays the growth inhibition, cytotoxicity and enhancement of retinoic acid-induced superoxide-generating activity in human monoblastic U937 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2131/fts.6.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumiko Akiyoshi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Shokei University Junior College
- Department of Food Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
| | - Hidehiko Kikuchi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Shokei University Junior College
| | | | | | - Hisanori Minami
- Department of Food Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto
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30
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Cruz-Lozano M, González-González A, Marchal JA, Muñoz-Muela E, Molina MP, Cara FE, Brown AM, García-Rivas G, Hernández-Brenes C, Lorente JA, Sanchez-Rovira P, Chang JC, Granados-Principal S. Hydroxytyrosol inhibits cancer stem cells and the metastatic capacity of triple-negative breast cancer cell lines by the simultaneous targeting of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, Wnt/β-catenin and TGFβ signaling pathways. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:3207-3219. [DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1864-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Corominas-Faja B, Cuyàs E, Lozano-Sánchez J, Cufí S, Verdura S, Fernández-Arroyo S, Borrás-Linares I, Martin-Castillo B, Martin ÁG, Lupu R, Nonell-Canals A, Sanchez-Martinez M, Micol V, Joven J, Segura-Carretero A, Menendez JA. Extra-virgin olive oil contains a metabolo-epigenetic inhibitor of cancer stem cells. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:601-613. [PMID: 29452350 PMCID: PMC5888987 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting tumor-initiating, drug-resistant populations of cancer stem cells (CSC) with phytochemicals is a novel paradigm for cancer prevention and treatment. We herein employed a phenotypic drug discovery approach coupled to mechanism-of-action profiling and target deconvolution to identify phenolic components of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) capable of suppressing the functional traits of CSC in breast cancer (BC). In vitro screening revealed that the secoiridoid decarboxymethyl oleuropein aglycone (DOA) could selectively target subpopulations of epithelial-like, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive and mesenchymal-like, CD44+CD24−/low CSC. DOA could potently block the formation of multicellular tumorspheres generated from single-founder stem-like cells in a panel of genetically diverse BC models. Pretreatment of BC populations with noncytotoxic doses of DOA dramatically reduced subsequent tumor-forming capacity in vivo. Mice orthotopically injected with CSC-enriched BC-cell populations pretreated with DOA remained tumor-free for several months. Phenotype microarray-based screening pointed to a synergistic interaction of DOA with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-azacytidine. In silico computational studies indicated that DOA binds and inhibits the ATP-binding kinase domain site of mTOR and the S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) cofactor-binding pocket of DNMTs. FRET-based Z-LYTE™ and AlphaScreen-based in vitro assays confirmed the ability of DOA to function as an ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor and to block the SAM-dependent methylation activity of DNMTs. Our systematic in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches establish the phenol-conjugated oleoside DOA as a dual mTOR/DNMT inhibitor naturally occurring in EVOO that functionally suppresses CSC-like states responsible for maintaining tumor-initiating cell properties within BC populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corominas-Faja
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Cuyàs
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sílvia Cufí
- Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Sara Verdura
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Isabel Borrás-Linares
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Ruth Lupu
- Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester MN, USA
| | | | | | - Vicente Micol
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular (IBMC), Miguel Hernández University (UMH), Elche, Alicante, Spain.,CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,The Campus of International Excellence Southern Catalonia, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), PTS Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Metabolism and Cancer Group, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain.,Metabostem, Barcelona, Spain
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32
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Chan MM, Chen R, Fong D. Targeting cancer stem cells with dietary phytochemical - Repositioned drug combinations. Cancer Lett 2018; 433:53-64. [PMID: 29960048 PMCID: PMC7117025 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is complex with the cancer stem cell (CSC) as a member within its community. This population possesses the capacity to self-renew and to cause cellular heterogeneity of the tumor. CSCs are resistant to conventional anti-proliferative drugs. In order to be curative, it is imperative that CSCs must be eliminated by cancer therapy. A variety of dietary phytochemicals and repositioned drugs can act synergistically with conventional anti-cancer agents. In this review, we advocate the development of a novel approach, namely combination therapy by incorporating both phytochemicals and repositioned drugs to target CSCs. We cover select dietary phytochemicals (curcumin, resveratrol, EGCG, genistein) and repurposed drugs (metformin, niclosamide, thioridazine, chloroquine). Five of the eight (curcumin, resveratrol, EGCG, genistein, metformin) are listed in "The Halifax Project", that explores "the concept of a low-toxicity 'broad-spectrum' therapeutic approach that could simultaneously target many key pathways and mechanisms" [1]. For these compounds, we discuss their mechanisms of action, in which models their anti-CSC activities were identified, as well as advantages, challenges and potentials of combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion M Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3400 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
| | - Rensa Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3400 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Dunne Fong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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33
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Kiselev VI, Ashrafyan LA, Muyzhnek EL, Gerfanova EV, Antonova IB, Aleshikova OI, Sarkar FH. A new promising way of maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a comparative clinical study. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:904. [PMID: 30236079 PMCID: PMC6148762 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4792-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is an urgent need for more novel and efficacious therapeutic agents and strategies for the treatment of ovarian cancer - one of the most formidable female malignancies. These approaches should be based on comprehensive understanding of the pathobiology of this cancer and focused on decreasing its recurrence and metastasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of five-year maintenance therapy with indole-3-carbinol (I3C) as well as I3C and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) conducted before, during, and after combined treatment compared with combined treatment alone in advanced ovarian cancer. Methods Patients with stage III-IV serous ovarian cancer were assigned to receive combined treatment plus I3C (arm 1), combined treatment plus I3C and EGCG (arm 2), combined treatment plus I3C and EGCG plus long-term platinum-taxane chemotherapy (arm 3), combined treatment alone without neoadjuvant platinum-taxane chemotherapy (control arm 4), and combined treatment alone (control arm 5). Combined treatment included neoadjuvant platinum-taxane chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant platinum-taxane chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and rate of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer with ascites after combined treatment. Results After five years of follow-up, maintenance therapy dramatically prolonged PFS and OS compared to control. Median OS was 60.0 months (95% CI: 58.0–60.0 months) in arm 1, 60.0 months (95% CI: 60.0–60.0 months) in arms 2 and 3 while 46.0 months (95% СI: 28.0–60.0 months) in arm 4, and 44.0 months (95% СI: 33.0–58.0 months) in arm 5. Median PFS was 39.5 months (95% СI: 28.0–49.0 months) in arm 1, 42.5 months (95% СI: 38.0–49.0 months) in arm 2, 48.5 months (95% СI: 39.0–53.0 months) in arm 3, 24.5 months (95% СI: 14.0–34.0 months) in arm 4, 22.0 months (95% СI: 15.0–26.0 months) in arm 5. The rate of patients with recurrent ovarian cancer with ascites after combined treatment was significantly less in maintenance therapy arms compared to control. Conclusions Long-term usage of I3C and EGCG may represent a new promising way of maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer patients, which achieved better treatment outcomes. Trial registration Retrospectively registered with ANZCTR number: ACTRN12616000394448. Date of registration: 24/03/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Levon A Ashrafyan
- Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ekaterina L Muyzhnek
- MiraxBioPharma, Joint-Stock Company, Valovaya Ul., 21, build. 125, Moscow, Russian Federation, 115054.
| | | | - Irina B Antonova
- Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Aleshikova
- Russian Scientific Center of Roentgenoradiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University (Retired as Distinguished Professor), Detroit, MI, USA
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34
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Kim SY, Kim JY, Shin WS, Lee SJ, Chi SG, Lee JY, Park MJ. Saccharina japonica Extract Suppresses Stemness of Glioma Stem Cells by Degrading Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Variant III. J Med Food 2018; 21:496-505. [PMID: 29648968 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.3992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells, a small subpopulation of cells with stem cell-like characteristics found within most solid tumors, are widely reported to be responsible for the malignancy of aggressive cancer cells, and targeting these cells presents a sound therapeutic strategy for reducing the risk of tumor relapse. In the present study, we examined the effects of an extract of Saccharina japonica (ESJ) on glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). Saccharina japonica is a member of the Phaeophyceae (brown algae) family, which displays biological activities, including antitumor effects. ESJ inhibited the sphere-forming ability of GSCs in vitro as evidenced by neurosphere formation and limiting dilution assays. Treatment with ESJ partially induced apoptosis, reduced cell invasiveness, and sensitized GSCs to ionizing radiation. In addition, ESJ inhibited the maintenance of stemness in GSCs by suppressing the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) and Notch intracellular domain. Intriguingly, the observed ESJ-induced suppression also appeared to induce the proteasomal degradation of EGFR/EGFRvIII. Our results indicate that ESJ could be considered a potent therapeutic adjuvant that targets GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kim
- 1 Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences , Research Center for Radio-Senescence, Seoul, Korea
- 2 School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yub Kim
- 1 Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences , Research Center for Radio-Senescence, Seoul, Korea
- 3 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Woon-Seob Shin
- 4 Department of Microbiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine , Gangneung, Korea
| | - Seok Joon Lee
- 5 Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine , Gangneung, Korea
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- 2 School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- 3 Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Park
- 1 Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences , Research Center for Radio-Senescence, Seoul, Korea
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35
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Rather RA, Bhagat M. Cancer Chemoprevention and Piperine: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:10. [PMID: 29497610 PMCID: PMC5818432 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a genetic disease characterized by unregulated growth and dissemination of malignantly transformed neoplastic cells. The process of cancer development goes through several stages of biochemical and genetic alterations in a target cell. Several dietary alkaloids have been found to inhibit the molecular events and signaling pathways associated with various stages of cancer development and therefore are useful in cancer chemoprevention. Cancer chemoprevention has long been recognized as an important prophylactic strategy to reduce the burden of cancer on health care system. Cancer chemoprevention assumes the use of one or more pharmacologically active agents to block, suppress, prevent, or reverse the development of invasive cancer. Piperine is an active alkaloid with an excellent spectrum of therapeutic activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-asthmatic, anti-convulsant, anti-mutagenic, antimycobacterial, anti-amoebic, and anti-cancer activities. In this article, we made an attempt to sum up the current knowledge on piperine that supports the chemopreventive potential of this dietary phytochemical. Many mechanisms have been purported to understand the chemopreventive action of piperine. Piperine has been reported to inhibit the proliferation and survival of many types of cancer cells through its influence on activation of apoptotic signaling and inhibition of cell cycle progression. Piperine is known to affect cancer cells in variety of other ways such as influencing the redox homeostasis, inhibiting cancer stem cell (CSC) self-renewal and modulation of ER stress and autophagy. Piperine can modify activity of many enzymes and transcription factors to inhibit invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. Piperine is a potent inhibitor of p-glycoprotein (P-gp) and has a significant effect on the drug metabolizing enzyme (DME) system. Because of its inhibitory influence on P-gp activity, piperine can reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells and acts as bioavailability enhancer for many chemotherapeutic agents. In this article, we emphasize the potential of piperine as a promising cancer chemopreventive agent and the knowledge we collected in this review can be applied in the strategic design of future researches particularly human intervention trials with piperine.
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Han YH, Kee JY, Hong SH. Rosmarinic Acid Activates AMPK to Inhibit Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:68. [PMID: 29459827 PMCID: PMC5807338 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) has been used as an anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer agent. Although RA has also been shown to exert an anti-metastatic effect, the mechanism of this effect has not been reported to be associated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The aim of this study was to elucidate whether RA could inhibit the metastatic properties of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells via the phosphorylation of AMPK. RA inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In several metastatic phenotypes of CRC cells, RA regulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through the upregulation of an epithelial marker, E-cadherin, and the downregulation of the mesenchymal markers, N-cadherin, snail, twist, vimentin, and slug. Invasion and migration of CRC cells were inhibited and expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were decreased by RA treatment. Adhesion and adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 and integrin β1 expressions were also reduced by RA treatment. In particular, the effects of RA on EMT and MMPs expressions were due to the activation of AMPK. Moreover, RA inhibited lung metastasis of CRC cells by activating AMPK in mouse model. Collectively, these results proved that RA could be potential therapeutic agent against metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Han Han
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Kee
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Seung-Heon Hong
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
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Zhang Y, Chen S, Wei C, Rankin GO, Ye X, Chen YC. Dietary compound proanthocyanidins from Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves attenuate chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer stem cell traits via targeting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. Food Funct 2018; 9:525-533. [PMID: 29256569 PMCID: PMC5962270 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01453h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a small population of cancer cells characterized by self-renewal ability, tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death related to the female reproductive system in Western countries and has been evaluated as a type of CSC-related cancer in recent years. Natural products have attracted great attention in cancer treatment in recent years due to drug resistance and a high relapse rate of ovarian cancer. Chinese bayberry leaf proanthocyanidins (BLPs) contain epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate as their terminal and major extension units, which is quite unusual in the plant kingdom. BLPs showed strong antioxidant and antiproliferative abilities in previous studies. In the present study, chemotherapy-resistant OVCAR-3 spheroid (SP) cells were obtained by sphere culturing and exhibited CSC-like properties by showing a higher ALDH+ population and higher expression of stemness-related proteins. BLPs exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth and CSC characteristics of OVCAR-3 SP cells by showing decreased cell viability, sphere and colony formation ability, ALDH+ population and expression of stemness-related proteins. BLPs also targeted the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by reducing the expression of β-catenin, cyclin D1 and c-Myc and thus inhibited the self-renewal ability of OVCAR-3 SP cells. Furthermore, BLPs also induced G1 cell cycle arrest in OVCAR-3 SP cells. Taken together, these findings suggested that BLPs may be an important agent in the development of therapeutics for ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Zhang Y, Chen S, Wei C, Rankin GO, Rojanasakul Y, Ren N, Ye X, Chen YC. Dietary Compound Proanthocyanidins from Chinese bayberry ( Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves inhibit angiogenesis and regulate cell cycle of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells via targeting Akt pathway. J Funct Foods 2018; 40:573-581. [PMID: 29576805 PMCID: PMC5863932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancy and natural products have drawn great attention for cancer treatment. Chinese bayberry leaves proanthocyanidin (BLPs) with epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) as its terminal and major extension units is unusual in the plant kingdom. In the present study, BLPs showed strong growth inhibitory effects on cisplatin-resistant A2780/CP70 cells by inhibiting angiogenesis and inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. BLPs reduced the tube formation in HUVECs and attenuated the wound healing ability in A2780/CP70 cells. BLPs further reduced the level of ROS and targeted Akt/mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP-1 pathway to reduce the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF, and thus inhibited angiogenesis. Furthermore, BLPs induced G1 cell cycle arrest by reducing the expressions of c-Myc, cyclin D1 and CDK4, which was also in accordance with the flow cytometry analysis. Overall, these results indicated that BLPs could be a valuable resource of natural compounds for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, 26416, USA
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Zhejiang University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chaoyang Wei
- Zhejiang University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gary O. Rankin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Ning Ren
- College of Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, 26416, USA
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- Zhejiang University, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi Charlie Chen
- College of Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV, 26416, USA
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Jiang P, Xu C, Zhou M, Zhou H, Dong W, Wu X, Chen A, Feng Q. RXRα-enriched cancer stem cell-like properties triggered by CDDP in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Carcinogenesis 2017; 39:252-262. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Kim YS, Lee HJ, Park JM, Han YM, Kangwan N, Oh JY, Lee DY, Hahm KB. Targeted molecular ablation of cancer stem cells for curing gastrointestinal cancers. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 11:1059-1070. [PMID: 28707966 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2017.1356224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abundance of the ATPase-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and deranged self-renewal pathways characterize the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in gastrointestinal cancers (GI cancers), which play crucial roles in tumorigenesis, chemotherapy resistance, tumor recurrence, and cancer metastasis. Therefore, in order to ensure high cure rates, chemoquiescence, CSCs should be ablated. Recent advances in either understanding CSCs or biomarker identification enable scientists to develop techniques for ablating CSCs and clinicians to provide cancer cure, especially in GI cancers characterized by inflammation-driven carcinogenesis. Areas covered: A novel approach to ablate CSCs in GI cancers, including esophageal, gastric, and colon cancers, is introduced along with explored underlying molecular mechanisms. Expert commentary: Though CSC ablation is still in the empirical stages and not in clinical practice, several strategies for ablating CSCs in GI cancers had been published, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) that regulate the membrane-bound ABC transporters, which underlie drug resistance; chloroquine (CQ) that inhibits autophagy, which is responsible for tumor survival; Hedgehog/Wnt/Notch inhibitors that influence the underlying stem-cell growth, and some natural products including Korean red ginseng, cancer-preventive kimchi, Artemisia extract, EGCG from green tea, and walnut extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Seok Kim
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Hanyang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Ho Jae Lee
- b Department of Biochemistry , Gachon University College of Medicine , Incheon , Korea
| | - Jong-Min Park
- c CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center , CHA University , Seongnam , Korea
| | - Young-Min Han
- c CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center , CHA University , Seongnam , Korea
| | - Napapan Kangwan
- d Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences , University of Phayao , Phayao , Thailand
| | | | | | - Ki Baik Hahm
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Hanyang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.,c CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center , CHA University , Seongnam , Korea.,f Digestive Disease Center , CHA University Bundang Medical Center , Seongnam , Korea
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Hodgkinson N, Kruger CA, Abrahamse H. Targeted photodynamic therapy as potential treatment modality for the eradication of colon cancer and colon cancer stem cells. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317734691. [PMID: 28990490 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317734691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is commonly treated by tumour resection, as chemotherapy and radiation have proven to be less effective, especially if the tumour has metastasized. Resistance to therapies occurs in almost all patients with colorectal cancer, especially in those with metastatic tumours. Cancer stem cells have the ability to self-renew, and their slow rate of cycling enhances resistance to treatment and increases the likelihood of tumour recurrence. Most metastatic tumours are unable to be surgically removed, thus creating a need for treatment modalities that target cancers directly and destroy cancer stem cells. Photodynamic therapy involves a photosensitizer that when exposed to a light source of a particular wavelength becomes excited and produces a form of oxygen that kills cancer cells. Photodynamic therapy is currently being investigated as a treatment modality for colorectal cancer, and new studies are exploring enhancing photodynamic therapy efficacy with the aid of drug carriers and immune conjugates. These modifications could prove effective in targeting cancer stem cells that are thought to be resistant to photodynamic therapy. In order for photodynamic therapy to be an effective treatment in colorectal cancer, it requires treatment of both primary tumours and the metastatic secondary disease that is caused by colon cancer stem cells. This review focuses on current photodynamic therapy treatments available for colorectal cancer and highlights proposed actively targeted photosynthetic drug uptake mechanisms specifically mediated towards colon cancer stem cells, as well as identify the gaps in research which need to be investigated in order to develop a combinative targeted photodynamic therapy regime that can effectively control colorectal cancer primary and metastatic tumour growth by eliminating colon cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Hodgkinson
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Cherie A Kruger
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
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Murdolo G, Bartolini D, Tortoioli C, Piroddi M, Torquato P, Galli F. Selenium and Cancer Stem Cells. Adv Cancer Res 2017; 136:235-257. [PMID: 29054420 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that functions as "redox gatekeeper" and homeostasis factor of normal and cancer cells. Epidemiology and experimental studies, in the last years suggested that both inorganic and organic forms of Se may have favorable health effects. In this regard, a protective action of Se on cellular systems that may help preventing cancer cell differentiation has been demonstrated, while the hypothesis that Se compounds may cure cancer and its metastatic diffusion appears speculative and is still a matter of investigation. Indeed, the overall actions of Se compounds in carcinogenesis are controversial. The recognition that cancer is a stem cell disease instigated major paradigm shifts in our basic understanding of cancer and attracted a great deal of interest. Although current treatment approaches in cancer are grounded in the need to kill the majority of cancer cells, targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) may hold great potential in improving cancer treatment. In this respect, Se compounds have been demonstrated modulating numerous signaling pathways involved in CSC biology and these findings are now stimulating further research on optimal Se concentrations, most effective and cancer-specific Se compounds, and inherent pathways involved in redox and metabolic regulation of CSCs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the effects of Se compounds on CSCs, by focusing on redox-dependent pathways and main gene regulation checkpoints that affect self-renewal, differentiation, and migration responses in this subpopulation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Murdolo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | | | - Cristina Tortoioli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Jiang Z, Chen K, Cheng L, Yan B, Qian W, Cao J, Li J, Wu E, Ma Q, Yang W. Resveratrol and cancer treatment: updates. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2017; 1403:59-69. [PMID: 28945938 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer, a growing health problem worldwide, affects millions of people every year. The overall survival rates of most cancers have been prolonged owing to the efforts of clinicians and scientists. However, some tumors develop resistance to chemoradiotherapeutic agents, and the cancer research community continues to search for effective sensitizers. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin, has shown promising effects in inhibiting proliferation and cancer progression in several tumor models. However, its molecular mechanisms and applications in chemotherapy and radiotherapy have yet to be fully determined. In this concise review, we highlight the role and related molecular mechanisms of resveratrol in cancer treatment. In particular, we focus on the role of resveratrol in the tumor microenvironment and the sensitization of cancer cells for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Resveratrol shows promising efficacies in cancer treatment and may be applied in clinical therapy, but it requires further clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengdong Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weikun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junyu Cao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas.,Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Pharmacy, College Station, Texas
| | - Qingyong Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Ahire V, Kumar A, Mishra KP, Kulkarni G. Ellagic Acid Enhances Apoptotic Sensitivity of Breast Cancer Cells to γ-Radiation. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:904-910. [PMID: 28718725 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1339811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Herbal polyphenols have gained increased significance because of the promises they hold in the prevention and treatment of cancer. There exists an enormous opportunity for the screening and valuation of natural dietary compounds in the development of an effective chemopreventive drug and radiosensitizer that may be of practical use for patients undergoing cancer therapy. This study describes the effect of the flavonoid ellagic acid (EA) on gamma-irradiated human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro when administered alone or in combination with radiation. It was interesting to find the radioprotective effect of EA on NIH3T3, which is a normal cell line. Irradiation of breast tumor cells in the presence of EA (10 μM) to doses of 2 and 4-Gy gamma radiation produced a marked synergistic tumor cytotoxicity while it was found to aid recovery from the radiation damage to NIH3T3 cells. When cells were given a combined treatment of EA and radiation, the cell death increased to 21.7% and 20.7% in the 2 and 4-Gy-treated cells respectively, significantly (P < 0.05) reducing the capacity of MCF-7 cells to form colonies. Even at 24 h, 38 foci/cell were observed in samples that were given the combined treatment, suggesting the cells' inability in repairing the damage. Also, increased apoptosis in EA+ 2Gy (50%) and EA+ 4 Gy (62%)-treated cells was observed in the the sub-G1 phase of the cell cycle. A 6.2-fold decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential was observed in the combined treatment of EA and IR that facilitated the upregulation of pro-apopttotic Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2, pushing the MCF-7 cells to undergo an apoptotic cell death. It is suggested that EA may be a potential drug adjuvant for improving cancer radiotherapy by increasing tumor toxicity and reducing the normal cell damage caused by irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidhula Ahire
- a School of Basic Medical Science, University of Pune , Pune , India.,b RB&HSD, Bhabha Atomic Research Center , Trombay, Mumbai , India
| | - Amit Kumar
- b RB&HSD, Bhabha Atomic Research Center , Trombay, Mumbai , India
| | - Kaushala Prasad Mishra
- c Foundation for Education and Research, India and BM International Research Centre , Mumbai , India
| | - Gauri Kulkarni
- a School of Basic Medical Science, University of Pune , Pune , India
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Curcumin mediates anticancer effects by modulating multiple cell signaling pathways. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1781-1799. [PMID: 28679846 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a component of a spice native to India, was first isolated in 1815 by Vogel and Pelletier from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and, subsequently, the chemical structure of curcumin as diferuloylmethane was reported by Milobedzka et al. [(1910) 43., 2163-2170]. Since then, this polyphenol has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The current review primarily focuses on the anticancer potential of curcumin through the modulation of multiple cell signaling pathways. Curcumin modulates diverse transcription factors, inflammatory cytokines, enzymes, kinases, growth factors, receptors, and various other proteins with an affinity ranging from the pM to the mM range. Furthermore, curcumin effectively regulates tumor cell growth via modulation of numerous cell signaling pathways and potentiates the effect of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation against cancer. Curcumin can interact with most of the targets that are modulated by FDA-approved drugs for cancer therapy. The focus of this review is to discuss the molecular basis for the anticancer activities of curcumin based on preclinical and clinical findings.
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Lucchetti D, Calapà F, Palmieri V, Fanali C, Carbone F, Papa A, De Maria R, De Spirito M, Sgambato A. Differentiation Affects the Release of Exosomes from Colon Cancer Cells and Their Ability to Modulate the Behavior of Recipient Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 187:1633-1647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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47
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Ning Y, Xu M, Cao X, Chen X, Luo X. Inactivation of AKT, ERK and NF-κB by genistein derivative, 7-difluoromethoxyl-5,4′-di-n-octylygenistein, reduces ovarian carcinoma oncogenicity. Oncol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairam Vanamala
- Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- The Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania, USA
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49
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Zhu J, Wang S, Chen Y, Li X, Jiang Y, Yang X, Li Y, Wang X, Meng Y, Zhu M, Ma X, Huang C, Wu R, Xie C, Geng S, Wu J, Zhong C, Han H. miR-19 targeting of GSK3β mediates sulforaphane suppression of lung cancer stem cells. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 44:80-91. [PMID: 28431267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a central role in the development of cancer. The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway is critical for maintaining stemness of CSCs. Phytochemicals from dietary compounds possess anti-CSCs properties and have been characterized as promising therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of many cancers. To date, the involvement and function of miR-19, a key oncogenic miRNA, in regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway and lung CSCs has not been defined. Meanwhile, the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on lung CSCs also remains to be elucidated. Here, we reported that lung CSCs up-regulated miR-19a and miR-19b expression. Overexpression of miR-19a/19b enhanced the ability of tumorsphere formation, up-regulated the expression of lung CSCs markers, increased Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation and β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity in lung CSCs. In contrary, down-regulation of miR-19 suppressed lung CSCs activity and Wnt/β-catenin activation. We further revealed that miR-19 activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway by directly targeting GSK3β, the key negative modulator of this pathway. Moreover, we showed that SFN exhibited inhibitory effect on lung CSCs through suppressing miR-19 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, these data illustrate the role of miR-19 in regulating lung CSCs traits and miR-19/GSK3β/β-catenin axis in SFN intervention of lung CSCs. Findings from this study could provide important new insights into the molecular mechanisms of lung CSCs regulation as well as its target intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shijia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ye Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mingming Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chunfeng Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Shanshan Geng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jieshu Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Hongyu Han
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are extremely lethal and still poorly treated primary brain tumors, characterized by the presence of highly tumorigenic cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulations, considered responsible for tumor relapse. In order to successfully eradicate GBM growth and recurrence, new anti-cancer strategies selectively targeting CSCs should be designed. CSCs might be eradicated by targeting some of their cell surface markers and transporters, inducing their differentiation, impacting their hyper-glycolytic metabolism, inhibiting CSC-related signaling pathways and/or by targeting their microenvironmental niche. In this regard, phytocompounds such as curcumin, isothiocyanates, resveratrol and epigallocatechin-3-gallate have been shown to prevent or reverse cancer-related epigenetic dysfunctions, reducing tumorigenesis, preventing metastasis and/or increasing chemotherapy and radiotherapy efficacy. However, the actual bioavailability and metabolic processing of phytocompounds is generally unknown, and the presence of the blood brain barrier often represents a limitation to glioma treatments. Nowadays, nanoparticles (NPs) can be loaded with therapeutic compounds such as phytochemicals, improving their bioavailability and their targeted delivery within the GBM tumor bulk. Moreover, NPs can be designed to increase their tropism and specificity toward CSCs by conjugating their surface with antibodies specific for CSC antigens, with ligands or with glucose analogues. Here we discuss the use of phytochemicals as anti-glioma agents and the applicability of phytochemical-loaded NPs as drug delivery systems to target GBM. Additionally, we provide some examples on how NPs can be specifically formulated to improve CSC targeting.
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