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Mesa A, Cofán M, Esmatjes E, Perea V, Boswell L, Giménez M, Sala-Vila A, Vinagre I, Viñals C, Chiva-Blanch G, Serés-Noriega T, Blanco J, Conget I, Ortega E, Amor AJ. Biomarkers of fatty acid intake are independently associated with preclinical atherosclerosis in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4595-4605. [PMID: 34152460 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Information on the association between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is scarce. We assessed the association between biomarkers of fatty acid (FA) intake and the presence of carotid plaques (a surrogate marker of future CVD events) in this high-risk population. METHODS Cross-sectional study in 167 consecutive T1D patients without CVD and with at least one of the following: ≥ 40 years, diabetic nephropathy, or ≥ 10 years of T1D duration with another CVD risk factor. The FA profile of erythrocyte membranes was determined by gas chromatography, and the number of carotid plaques (intima-media thickness ≥ 1.5 mm) was assessed by ultrasonography. Regression models were constructed adjusting for classical (age, gender, blood pressure, smoking habit, LDL-cholesterol, body mass index and statins) and T1D-specific risk factors (diabetes duration, HbA1c and chronic complications). RESULTS A total of 58.7% were men (mean age 48.3 ± 10.3 years, T1D duration 27.2 ± 10.1 years). Sixty-one patients (36.5%) showed carotid plaque. Linoleic acid decreased and all-C18:1trans increased with the number of carotid plaques (none, 1-2, ≥ 3 plaques; p for trend < 0.05). In multivariate regression models, linoleic acid remained inversely associated with the presence of plaque [1% increase of total FAs; OR 0.71 (0.53-0.95), p = 0.021] and ≥ 2 plaques [OR 0.70 (0.51-0.98), p = 0.039]; whereas, all-C18:1trans was positively associated with ≥ 3 plaques (0.1% increase of total FAs; OR 1.51 [1.05-2.16], p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Erythrocyte FA composition, as a biomarker of FA intake, was independently associated with preclinical atherosclerosis in T1DM. Our data support the potential role of an unfavorable pattern of fat intake and CVD risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Mesa
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Cofán
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Enric Esmatjes
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Perea
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Mútua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Laura Boswell
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Althaia-Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain
| | - Marga Giménez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Vinagre
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Viñals
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Chiva-Blanch
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tonet Serés-Noriega
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Blanco
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Conget
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ortega
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Amor
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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Red blood cell components: time to revisit the sources of variability. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2017; 15:116-125. [PMID: 28263168 DOI: 10.2450/2017.0326-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Quality and safety of red blood cell (RBC) components is managed by screening of donors and strict regulatory controls of blood collection, processing and storage procedures. Despite these efforts, variations in RBC component quality exist as exemplified by the wide range in storage-induced haemolysis. This article provides a brief overview of the variables that contribute or potentially contribute to the quality of stored RBC components, including blood collection, processing, and donor-related variables. Particular focus is made on donor health and lifestyle factors that are not specifically screened and may impact on the physicobiochemical properties of RBCs and their storability. Inflammatory and oxidative stress states may be especially relevant as RBCs are susceptible to oxidative injury. Few studies have investigated the effect of specific donor-related variables on the quality of stored RBC components. Donor-related variables may be unaccounted confounders in the "age of blood" clinical studies that compared outcomes following transfusion of fresher or longer-stored RBC components. The conclusion is drawn that the blood donor is the greatest source of RBC component variability and the least "regulated" aspect of blood component production. It is proposed that more research is needed to better understand the connection between donor-related variables and quality consistency of stored RBC components. This could be very important given the impact of modern lifestyles that sees escalating rates of non-communicable health conditions that are associated with increased oxidative stress, such as hypertension, obesity and diabetes in children and adults, as well as an ageing population in many countries. The effect of these changes to global health and population demographics will impact on blood donor panels, and without significant new research, the consequences on the quality of stored blood components and transfusion outcomes are unknown.
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